1 | Page
HONDROS BIO 117 FINAL EXAM
2026/2027 ACTUAL QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS.
allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left
atrium to bypass pulmonary circulation - ANSWER-foramen
ovale
carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava;
allows some blood to bypass the liver - ANSWER-ductus
venosus
atrial contraction; systole; p wave - ANSWER-atrial
depolarization
max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal
inhalation - ANSWER-vital capacity
allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the
descending aorta to bypass the pulmonary circulation -
ANSWER-ductus arteriosus
,2 | Page
ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave - ANSWER-ventricular
repolarization
most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone -
ANSWER-renin
volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation - ANSWER-
total lung capacity
provides oxygenated blood to brain - ANSWER-circle of willis
aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid -
ANSWER-structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle;
tricuspid - ANSWER-structures that carry unoxygenated blood
(right heart)
,3 | Page
transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta -
ANSWER-umbilical arteries
transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus -
ANSWER-umbilical vein
volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation -
ANSWER-residual volume
ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex - ANSWER-
ventricular depolarization
located between left ventricle and left aorta - ANSWER-aortic
semilunar valve
located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery -
ANSWER-pulmonic semilunar
, 4 | Page
two semilunar valves - ANSWER-pulmonary and aortic
pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs -
ANSWER-right ventricle
decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in
the lungs - ANSWER-exhalation
space between the vocal cords - ANSWER-glottis/rima glottidis
vagus nerve effects - ANSWER-sa node
pacemaker of the heart - ANSWER-SA node
right heart pumps blood to the - ANSWER-pulmonary
circulation
HONDROS BIO 117 FINAL EXAM
2026/2027 ACTUAL QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS.
allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium into the left
atrium to bypass pulmonary circulation - ANSWER-foramen
ovale
carries blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava;
allows some blood to bypass the liver - ANSWER-ductus
venosus
atrial contraction; systole; p wave - ANSWER-atrial
depolarization
max volume of air that can be exhaled following maximal
inhalation - ANSWER-vital capacity
allows blood in pulmonary artery to flow directly into the
descending aorta to bypass the pulmonary circulation -
ANSWER-ductus arteriosus
,2 | Page
ventricular relaxtion; diastole; t wave - ANSWER-ventricular
repolarization
most important stimulus for the release of aldosterone -
ANSWER-renin
volume of air in lungs following maximal inhalation - ANSWER-
total lung capacity
provides oxygenated blood to brain - ANSWER-circle of willis
aorta; left pulmonary veins; left atrium; left ventricle; bicuspid -
ANSWER-structures that carry oxygenated blood (left heart)
pulmonary arteries; vena cava; right atrium; right ventricle;
tricuspid - ANSWER-structures that carry unoxygenated blood
(right heart)
,3 | Page
transport unoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta -
ANSWER-umbilical arteries
transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus -
ANSWER-umbilical vein
volume of air that remains in lung after forceful exhalation -
ANSWER-residual volume
ventricular contraction; systole; qrs complex - ANSWER-
ventricular depolarization
located between left ventricle and left aorta - ANSWER-aortic
semilunar valve
located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery -
ANSWER-pulmonic semilunar
, 4 | Page
two semilunar valves - ANSWER-pulmonary and aortic
pushes blood out of the heart into the pulmonary trunk-lungs -
ANSWER-right ventricle
decreases thoracic and lung volume and increases pressure in
the lungs - ANSWER-exhalation
space between the vocal cords - ANSWER-glottis/rima glottidis
vagus nerve effects - ANSWER-sa node
pacemaker of the heart - ANSWER-SA node
right heart pumps blood to the - ANSWER-pulmonary
circulation
