1. During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema? - ANSWER Increased ca-
pillary permeability
2. A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him" feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte should
be assessed FIRST? - ANSWER Potassium
3. A 46-year-old woman is considering having another child. The healthcare providers are ex-
plaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate of
having children with which condition? - ANSWER Down Syndrome
4. A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an im-
portant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what? - ANSWER In-
creased resistance to insulin in the cells
5. When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for evi-
dence of: - ANSWER Left ventricular hypertrophy
6. On ultrasound, a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and hypomag-
nesemia are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60, and heart rate is 110 bpm with
regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on room air. Ini-
tial therapy should include all of the following except: - ANSWER Digoxin
7. A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare profes-
sional is best? - ANSWER Schedule a repeat troponin within a few hours.
1
, 8. Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) secretion? - ANSWER Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the stom-
ach
9. A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of Astramorph.
The patient's respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which medication
should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient? - ANSWER Nalox-
one
10. A patient is brought to the emergency department with a gunshot wound to the chest.
The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture that acts as
a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing
during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the priority? - ANSWER
Assist with a chest tube insertion.
11. A 2-year-old pediatric patient with limited medical history available arrives to an urgent
care with excessive irritability and crying. X-rays were obtained and noted to have fractures
of the metatarsals of the foot and left tibia. On exam, the nurse notes that the patient seems
to have a blue tint to both sclera, and she didn't seem to react normally when the nurse was
talking to her. Which diagnosis is most likely in this case? - ANSWER Osteogenesis imper-
fecta
12.A patient who has chronic kidney disease has hemoglobin of 7.2 mg/dL. What treatment
does the healthcare professional prepare the patient for? - ANSWER Erythropoietin
13.A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who could have either pyelonephritis or
cystitis. Which differentiating sign would assist the professional in making this diagnosis? -
ANSWER Urinalysis confirmation of white blood cell casts
14.James, a 22-year-old firefighter, presents to your practice with dyspnea on excretion. He
reports that he has trouble keeping up with his squad and can no longer carry his 40 lb.
pack. He reports 2 months of nocturnal cough, a 10 lb. weight loss and fatigue. He denies
any history of smoking and he drinks 2-3 six packs of beer daily. He presented 3 weeks ago to
2
pillary permeability
2. A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due to him" feeling well
without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated blood sugar. What electrolyte should
be assessed FIRST? - ANSWER Potassium
3. A 46-year-old woman is considering having another child. The healthcare providers are ex-
plaining to the woman that children born to women late in life have an increased rate of
having children with which condition? - ANSWER Down Syndrome
4. A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type 2 diabetes. The
healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight, explaining that obesity is an im-
portant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus because it causes what? - ANSWER In-
creased resistance to insulin in the cells
5. When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the APRN looks for evi-
dence of: - ANSWER Left ventricular hypertrophy
6. On ultrasound, a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection fraction of 15% and a
pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function tests, hypokalemia, and hypomag-
nesemia are seen on lab results. Blood pressure is 115/60, and heart rate is 110 bpm with
regular rate and rhythm, respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on room air. Ini-
tial therapy should include all of the following except: - ANSWER Digoxin
7. A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a myocardial infarction
(MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative. What action by the healthcare profes-
sional is best? - ANSWER Schedule a repeat troponin within a few hours.
1
, 8. Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) secretion? - ANSWER Being treated for small cell carcinoma of the stom-
ach
9. A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural infusion of Astramorph.
The patient's respiratory rate starts to decline to 9 breaths/minute. Which medication
should the healthcare provider anticipate administering to this patient? - ANSWER Nalox-
one
10. A patient is brought to the emergency department with a gunshot wound to the chest.
The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture that acts as
a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing
during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the priority? - ANSWER
Assist with a chest tube insertion.
11. A 2-year-old pediatric patient with limited medical history available arrives to an urgent
care with excessive irritability and crying. X-rays were obtained and noted to have fractures
of the metatarsals of the foot and left tibia. On exam, the nurse notes that the patient seems
to have a blue tint to both sclera, and she didn't seem to react normally when the nurse was
talking to her. Which diagnosis is most likely in this case? - ANSWER Osteogenesis imper-
fecta
12.A patient who has chronic kidney disease has hemoglobin of 7.2 mg/dL. What treatment
does the healthcare professional prepare the patient for? - ANSWER Erythropoietin
13.A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who could have either pyelonephritis or
cystitis. Which differentiating sign would assist the professional in making this diagnosis? -
ANSWER Urinalysis confirmation of white blood cell casts
14.James, a 22-year-old firefighter, presents to your practice with dyspnea on excretion. He
reports that he has trouble keeping up with his squad and can no longer carry his 40 lb.
pack. He reports 2 months of nocturnal cough, a 10 lb. weight loss and fatigue. He denies
any history of smoking and he drinks 2-3 six packs of beer daily. He presented 3 weeks ago to
2
