POLI 105 MIDTERM REVIEW CH1-7 | STUDY GUIDE
authority - Answers - the entity (person or institution) holding legitimate power in a
specific realm
bargaining - Answers - the process of negotiating with the goal of reaching agreement
civil liberties ch? early - Answers - human freedoms with which the government may not
interfere
collective action problem - Answers - a collective dilemma in which the group would
benefit if its members cooperated, but they have incentives not to do so, and these
incentives ultimately harm not only the group but the individuals themselves
collective dilemmas - Answers - problems that arise when multiple individuals interact
with one another to make a group decision
compromise - Answers - in bargaining over a single issue, each participant agrees to
move in the direction of those they are bargaining with (for example, the car seller
lowers the price and the car buyer increases what they are willing to pay)
conflict - Answers - disagreements between individuals, groups, institutions, or states
regarding the allocation of resources or the determination of values
constitution - Answers - a collection of the most basic principles of a country (or state)
country - Answers - a populated geographic area with a sovereign government
courts - Answers - an institution for resolving disputes
democracy - Answers - a system of government in which citizens elect their leaders
empirical political science - Answers - the systematic study of political behavior,
generally based on developing hypotheses and testing whether these hypotheses are
supported based on the evidence
executives - Answers - the persons responsible for leading an institution
fact - Answers - something that is true because it can be verified by evidence
government - Answers - the set of institutions that make and implement decisions for a
political collective, most often for a specific geographic area
, human rights - Answers - liberties and opportunities that humans have by virtue of their
humanity
hypothesis - Answers - a tentative explanation for a reality that can be tested
institutions - Answers - organizations with a set of rules and practices that inform their
members about their relationships with one another and how they should interact
legislature - Answers - an institution composed of individuals who have the power to
propose, deliberate, adopt, and alter the laws of a state
legitimate - Answers - authority used in ways that are true to the rules
nation - Answers - a population connected by history, culture, and beliefs that generally
lives in a specific area
normative political science - Answers - the systematic study of ideal goals, principles,
and behaviors in politics; also called political philosophy
political ideology - Answers - a set of beliefs (or a systematic set of concepts) that helps
individuals determine how they see the proper roles of citizens and their governments
political science - Answers - the systematic study of political phenomena using empirical
or philosophical methods
politics - Answers - "who gets what, where, when, and how"—the process for resolving
disputes and allocating scarce resources
power - Answers - the ability to compel someone to do something they would not
otherwise choose to do
public interest - Answers - that which benefits a state and those who reside there
public opinion - Answers - in empirical political science, the sum of individual opinions
on the question being asked
public policy - Answers - any decision by a government, such as a law, regulation, or
ruling, that attempts to guide human behavior
reality - Answers - the world as it is, as verified by observations and measurements
rules - Answers - instructions regarding what behaviors are required, forbidden, or
allowed
scientific method - Answers - the processes used to conduct empirical research
authority - Answers - the entity (person or institution) holding legitimate power in a
specific realm
bargaining - Answers - the process of negotiating with the goal of reaching agreement
civil liberties ch? early - Answers - human freedoms with which the government may not
interfere
collective action problem - Answers - a collective dilemma in which the group would
benefit if its members cooperated, but they have incentives not to do so, and these
incentives ultimately harm not only the group but the individuals themselves
collective dilemmas - Answers - problems that arise when multiple individuals interact
with one another to make a group decision
compromise - Answers - in bargaining over a single issue, each participant agrees to
move in the direction of those they are bargaining with (for example, the car seller
lowers the price and the car buyer increases what they are willing to pay)
conflict - Answers - disagreements between individuals, groups, institutions, or states
regarding the allocation of resources or the determination of values
constitution - Answers - a collection of the most basic principles of a country (or state)
country - Answers - a populated geographic area with a sovereign government
courts - Answers - an institution for resolving disputes
democracy - Answers - a system of government in which citizens elect their leaders
empirical political science - Answers - the systematic study of political behavior,
generally based on developing hypotheses and testing whether these hypotheses are
supported based on the evidence
executives - Answers - the persons responsible for leading an institution
fact - Answers - something that is true because it can be verified by evidence
government - Answers - the set of institutions that make and implement decisions for a
political collective, most often for a specific geographic area
, human rights - Answers - liberties and opportunities that humans have by virtue of their
humanity
hypothesis - Answers - a tentative explanation for a reality that can be tested
institutions - Answers - organizations with a set of rules and practices that inform their
members about their relationships with one another and how they should interact
legislature - Answers - an institution composed of individuals who have the power to
propose, deliberate, adopt, and alter the laws of a state
legitimate - Answers - authority used in ways that are true to the rules
nation - Answers - a population connected by history, culture, and beliefs that generally
lives in a specific area
normative political science - Answers - the systematic study of ideal goals, principles,
and behaviors in politics; also called political philosophy
political ideology - Answers - a set of beliefs (or a systematic set of concepts) that helps
individuals determine how they see the proper roles of citizens and their governments
political science - Answers - the systematic study of political phenomena using empirical
or philosophical methods
politics - Answers - "who gets what, where, when, and how"—the process for resolving
disputes and allocating scarce resources
power - Answers - the ability to compel someone to do something they would not
otherwise choose to do
public interest - Answers - that which benefits a state and those who reside there
public opinion - Answers - in empirical political science, the sum of individual opinions
on the question being asked
public policy - Answers - any decision by a government, such as a law, regulation, or
ruling, that attempts to guide human behavior
reality - Answers - the world as it is, as verified by observations and measurements
rules - Answers - instructions regarding what behaviors are required, forbidden, or
allowed
scientific method - Answers - the processes used to conduct empirical research
