2026 Complete Questions Merged With
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3 Major types of immune system disorders - ANSWER-Hypersensitivity
reactions, 1-4
Auto Immune disease
Immune deficiency syndroms IDS
3 types of hyperplasia - ANSWER-demand induced (hiking), hormonal
(estrogen), compensatory (removal of organ so some others grow)
4 types of tissue necrosis - ANSWER-1. coagulative necrosis
2. liquefactive necrosis
3. fat necrosis
4. caseous necrosis
*Differ in type of tissue effected
,Aberrant number of chromosomes: nondisjunction - ANSWER-failure
of chromosomes to divide properly during anaphase
Accuracy of determination - ANSWER-quality of the data, skill of
interpretation, hypothesis tested
Acute - ANSWER-severe manifestations for a short time
acute lymphoblastic leukemia - ANSWER-malignant disorder of
lymphoid cell lineage, 80% due to B cell, 20% involve T, primarily a
children's disorder, 3-7 years old, "LYMPHOBLASTS" it is abrupt with
bone pain, fever, infection, refuse to walk, loss of appetite, enlarged
spleen, liver, lymph, 3% problems with CNS. CHEMO is only treatment.
lots of cured.
acute myeloid leukemia - ANSWER-84% of the cases are adults and
around 64 years of age. associated with transformation of myeloid
stem cells, bone marrow has more than 30% blasts. many have
various translocations.
adaptive immunity - ANSWER-exposure to pathogens created it,
specific response, memory of that invader, lag time, ACQUIRED,
against a particular agent,
Albinism - ANSWER-autosomal recessive disorder due to the inability
to synthesize tyrosine, risk of sun cancer because no melatonin to
prevent UV
allergic asthma - ANSWER-often occurs with allergic rhinitis, caused by
same allergen, associated with environmental factors, results are an
exaggerated bronchial response, cough, wheezing, shortness of breath
, allergic rhinitis - ANSWER-most common atopic disorder in US, runny
nose, sneezing, watery eyes, elicited by airborne allergens, can be
seasonal or year round
allogenic transplantation - ANSWER-stem cells from closely matched
relative
anemia - ANSWER-pallor, fatigue, malaise, shortness of breath,
decreased activity tolerance, symptom of hematologic neoplasm,
suppressed count but size/shape is normal. administer erythropoietin
growth factors, RBC transfusion therapy, prevent bleeding.
aneuploidy - ANSWER-result of nondisjunction: abnormal number of
particular chromosomes.
1. trisomy- 3 copies of a chromosome
2. monosomy- only one copy of a particular chromosome
3. polyploidy- organism with more than 2 complete sets of
chromosomes.
Angiogenesis - ANSWER-Process by which cancer tumor cells form
new blood vessels in order to grow, usually doesn't happen until late
stages of development, usually 1.2mm away to let it happen.
Antigen - ANSWER-stimulates antibody production and binds to the
produced antibody,
* Epitope is the site on the antigen that the antibody of T cell attaches
to
Apoptosis - ANSWER-Cell suicide, intracellular signaling cascades, can
be a normal physiological response or pathological. Cell death