Business law today 13th Edition,
Chapter 1 - Legal and Constitutional
Foundations of Business
adjudicate - ANSWER -To render a judicial decision. Adjudication is the trial-like
proceeding in which an administrative law judge hears and resolves disputes involving an
administrative agency's regulations.
administrative agency - ANSWER -A federal, state, or local government agency created
by the legislature to perform a specific function, such as to make and enforce rules pertaining
to the environment.
administrative law - ANSWER -The body of law created by administrative agencies in
order to carry out their duties and responsibilities.
administrative law judge (ALJ) - ANSWER -One who presides over an administrative
agency hearing and has the power to administer oaths, take testimony, rule on questions of
evidence, and make determinations of fact.
administrative process - ANSWER -The procedure used by administrative agencies in
fulfilling their three basic functions: rulemaking, enforcement, and adjudication.
Bill of Rights - ANSWER -The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
, binding authority - ANSWER -Any source of law that a court must follow when deciding
a case.
case law - ANSWER -The rules of law announced in court decisions. Case law interprets
statutes, regulations, and constitutional provisions, and governs all areas not covered by
statutory or administrative law.
checks and balances - ANSWER -The system under which the powers of the federal
government are divided among three separate branches—the executive, legislative, and
judicial branches—each of which exercises a check on the actions of the others.
citation - ANSWER -A reference to a publication in which a legal authority—such as a
statute or a court decision—or other source can be found.
civil law - ANSWER -The branch of law dealing with the definition and enforcement of all
private or public rights, as opposed to criminal matters.
civil law system - ANSWER -Civil Law System A system of law derived from Roman law
that is based on codified laws (rather than on case precedents).
commerce clause - ANSWER -The provision in Article I, Section 8, of the U.S.
Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.
common law - ANSWER -The body of law developed from custom or judicial decisions in
English and U.S. courts, not attributable to a legislature.
compelling government interest - ANSWER -A test of constitutionality that requires the
government to have convincing reasons for passing any law that restricts fundamental rights,
such as free speech, or distinguishes between people based on a suspect trait.
concurring opinion - ANSWER -A court opinion by one or more judges or justices who
agree with the majority but want to make or emphasize a point that was not made or
emphasized in the majority's opinion.
constitutional law - ANSWER -The body of law derived from the U.S. Constitution and
the constitutions of the various states.
Chapter 1 - Legal and Constitutional
Foundations of Business
adjudicate - ANSWER -To render a judicial decision. Adjudication is the trial-like
proceeding in which an administrative law judge hears and resolves disputes involving an
administrative agency's regulations.
administrative agency - ANSWER -A federal, state, or local government agency created
by the legislature to perform a specific function, such as to make and enforce rules pertaining
to the environment.
administrative law - ANSWER -The body of law created by administrative agencies in
order to carry out their duties and responsibilities.
administrative law judge (ALJ) - ANSWER -One who presides over an administrative
agency hearing and has the power to administer oaths, take testimony, rule on questions of
evidence, and make determinations of fact.
administrative process - ANSWER -The procedure used by administrative agencies in
fulfilling their three basic functions: rulemaking, enforcement, and adjudication.
Bill of Rights - ANSWER -The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
, binding authority - ANSWER -Any source of law that a court must follow when deciding
a case.
case law - ANSWER -The rules of law announced in court decisions. Case law interprets
statutes, regulations, and constitutional provisions, and governs all areas not covered by
statutory or administrative law.
checks and balances - ANSWER -The system under which the powers of the federal
government are divided among three separate branches—the executive, legislative, and
judicial branches—each of which exercises a check on the actions of the others.
citation - ANSWER -A reference to a publication in which a legal authority—such as a
statute or a court decision—or other source can be found.
civil law - ANSWER -The branch of law dealing with the definition and enforcement of all
private or public rights, as opposed to criminal matters.
civil law system - ANSWER -Civil Law System A system of law derived from Roman law
that is based on codified laws (rather than on case precedents).
commerce clause - ANSWER -The provision in Article I, Section 8, of the U.S.
Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.
common law - ANSWER -The body of law developed from custom or judicial decisions in
English and U.S. courts, not attributable to a legislature.
compelling government interest - ANSWER -A test of constitutionality that requires the
government to have convincing reasons for passing any law that restricts fundamental rights,
such as free speech, or distinguishes between people based on a suspect trait.
concurring opinion - ANSWER -A court opinion by one or more judges or justices who
agree with the majority but want to make or emphasize a point that was not made or
emphasized in the majority's opinion.
constitutional law - ANSWER -The body of law derived from the U.S. Constitution and
the constitutions of the various states.
