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What are the ways in which we compete? - ANSWER ✔✔-Cost.
-Quality.
-Delivery.
-Service.
What is the modern view of quality? - ANSWER ✔✔-Customer
decides quality level.
- "Conformance to requirements".
,- Juran.
-Is the fitness of that product or service for meeting or exceeding its
intended use as required by the customer. - ANSWER ✔✔Quality
-Structural: Length of a part, weight of a part, strength of a beam.
-Sensory: Taste, smell, beauty, feel of a product.
-Time oriented: Measures of warranty, reliability, maintainability.
-Ethical: Honesty, friendliness, courtesy. - ANSWER ✔✔Quality
Characteristics
-Quality characteristics are measurable and are expressed on a
numerical scale. - ANSWER ✔✔Variables
-Quality characteristics are classified as being either conforming or non-
conforming.
-Does NOT indicate how good or bad the part is compared to the
specification limits. - ANSWER ✔✔Attributes
What are the different measurement scales? - ANSWER ✔✔-
Nominal.
-Ordinal.
-Interval.
,-Ratio.
-When the data variables are simply labels used to identify an attribute
of the sample element.
-Examples: Labels can be "conforming and non-conforming" or "critical,
major, and minor", Numerical values are NOTT involved. - ANSWER
✔✔Nominal Scale (Measurement Scale)
-When the data has the properties of other measurement scales and the
data ranks and orders the observations.
-Example: 1 being bad and 10 being the best. - ANSWER ✔✔Ordinal
Scale (Measurement Scale)
-When the data has properties or other measurement scales and a fixed
unit of measure describes the interval between observations.
-Example: Temperature. - ANSWER ✔✔Interval Scale (Measurement
Scale)
-When the data has the properties of interval and a natural zero exists
for the measurement scale.
-Both the order of, and difference between, observations can be
compared and there exists a natural zero for the measurement scale.
-Example: 2.0 - ANSWER ✔✔Ratio Scale (Measurement Scale)
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3
, -Is associated with a quality characteristic that does not meet certain
standards.
-Is a blemish.
-Is a non-conformity.
-Is anything that results in customer dissatisfaction. - ANSWER
✔✔Defect
-Is associated with an item that is deemed nonconforming. -
ANSWER ✔✔Defective
-A set of conditions that provide a detailed description of a procedure,
process, product or service.
-Acceptable bounds on individual quality characteristics. - ANSWER
✔✔Specs
-A set of conditions of general or broad application established by some
authority to be satisfied by a product, process, or service. - ANSWER
✔✔Standards
-Is generally defined as a system that is used to maintain a desired level
of quality.
-Offline.