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Samenvatting Sociologie HBO WO UITGEBREID 2026 + 25 Oefenvragen - Durkheim Weber Marx Bourdieu Kapitaal Ongelijkheid Macht Foucault Identiteit Media Cultuur 30+ Pagina's

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️ COMPLETE SOCIOLOGIE — 30+ PAGINA'S! Grondleggers (Durkheim solidariteit/anomie, Weber Verstehen, Marx klassenstrijd!), 3 perspectieven (functionalisme, conflict, interactionisme Goffman front/backstage!), Bourdieu (3 kapitaalvormen + habitus → reproductie!), stratificatie (klasse, mobiliteit, armoede 800.000 NL!), socialisatie (hidden curriculum!), cultuur (McDonaldisering!), identiteit (intersectionaliteit Crenshaw!), macht (Foucault panopticon, Lukes 3 dimensies!), media (filterbubbel, polarisatie!), individualisering (Beck, Putnam, Bauman).

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Samenvatting Sociologie — HBO/WO 2026

UITGEBREIDE EDITIE — Sociale Ongelijkheid, Instituties,
Cultuur, Macht, Bourdieu, Weber, Durkheim + 25 Oefenvragen

Complete Examenvoorbereiding — Premium Editie


Versie: 2026 — UITGEBREIDE PREMIUM EDITIE
Geschikt voor: HBO/WO Sociologie, Sociale Studies, Bestuurskunde, Maatschappelijk Werk
Inhoud: Sociale ongelijkheid + instituties + cultuur + macht + Bourdieu + Weber + Durkheim + 25
oefenvragen
Omvang: 30+ pagina's




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, DEEL 1: SOCIOLOGISCH DENKEN

1.1 Grondleggers

Durkheim (1858-1917): functionalist
→ Samenleving = MEER dan optelsom individuen
→ Sociale feiten: externe dwang op individu (normen, wetten!)
→ Solidariteit:
Mechanisch: gelijke mensen (traditioneel, dorp)
Organisch: onderlinge afhankelijkheid (modern, specialisatie!)
→ Anomie: normloosheid → desoriëntatie → meer zelfmoord!
→ Zelfmoord = SOCIOLOGISCH verklaarbaar (niet alleen psychologisch)


Weber (1864-1920): begrijpende sociologie
→ Verstehen: handelen vanuit BETEKENIS begrijpen
→ Ideaaltypen: analytisch model (bureaucratie!)
→ Rationalisering: wereld steeds meer berekenbaar
→ "IJzeren kooi": gevangen in bureaucratie en regels
→ Macht: kans om eigen wil door te zetten ONDANKS weerstand
→ Legitimiteit: traditioneel, charismatisch, rationeel-legaal


Marx (1818-1883): conflict
→ Klassenstrijd: bourgeoisie (bezitters) vs. proletariaat (arbeiders)
→ Productieverhoudingen: wie BEZIT de productiemiddelen?
→ Vervreemding: arbeider vervreemd van product, proces, medemens
→ Ideologie: heersende klasse bepaalt heersende IDEEËN
→ "Het zijn bepaalt het bewustzijn" (niet andersom!)

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