COP4600 - Final Exam Study Guide Latest 2026 Updated
Questions and Verified 100% Solutions (2026/2027) |A+
Graded |Guaranteed Pass
A port identifies the ___________ we wish to communicate with - Answers -process
How does TCP handle send and receives? - Answers -- send call puts information in OS buffer
and sends it
- receiver side will read buffer
- one receive call does not correspond to one send call
What are the two types of communication protocols? - Answers -1. Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) - Good Child
2. Internet Protocol (IP) - Bad child
(T/F) Are CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTIC_COARSE faster? - Answers -True
(T/F) CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTIC_COARSE are more accurate variants of
CLOCK_REALTIME and CLOCK_MONOTIC? - Answers -False
What is CLOCK_MONOTIC_RAW clock? - Answers -1. Gives the same as CLOCK_MONOTIC
1|Page
,2. Not affected by NTP adjustments
When does a counter decrement? - Answers -Each pulse
What is CLOCK_MONOTONIC clock? - Answers -1. Gives the time since a fixed starting point -
usually since you booted the system
2. Affected by NTP , but can't jump backward
UDP - Answers -User Datagram Protocol - Connectionless method of data transfer - data arrives
out of order - best effort delivery
TCP - Answers -Transmission Control Protocol - Connection-Oriented Protocol, Data is delivered
in-order, lost data is retransmitted
What is CLOCK_REALTIME clock? - Answers -1. Gives the time pass passed since January 1, 1970
2. Affected by NTP adjustments
What are NTP Clocks? - Answers -Network Time Protocol (NTP)
2|Page
,Is an internet protocol used to synchronize with computer clock time sources in a network
What are the 5 types of NTP clocks? - Answers -1. CLOCK_REALTIME
2. CLOCK_MONOTONIC
3. CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
4. CLOCL_REALTIME_COARSE
5. CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE
What tasks need system clocks? - Answers -1. Maintaining the time of the day
2. Preventing processes from running longer than allowed
3. Accounting for CPU usage
4. Handling alarm system call from user processes
5. Providing watchdog timers for system itself
6. Profiling, monitoring, statistics
What is RAID? - Answers -Redundant arrays of independent disks; creating groups of disks that
are failsafe
5 Benefits of RAID - Answers -1. Provides performance gains through parallel hardware access
2. Provide reliability through redundant storage
3. Fast recovery
3|Page
, 4. Hot swap is possible (Hot swapping is the replacement or addition of components to a
computer system without stopping, shutting down, or rebooting the system; hot plugging
describes the addition of components only.)
5. Can be software or hardware based
What are interrupts? - Answers -Allows the device to alert the CPU that is it ready
What is failover? - Answers -Failure is a backup operational mode that automatically switches to
a standby database, server or network if the primary system fails
How does mirrored storage work? - Answers -Every write is duplicated (write to disk 0 and disk
1). Reads are to whichever system is least loaded. Automatic failover when disk, ES, or network
fails
Some display controllers support Hardware Scrolling via _____________ ______________ -
Answers -Pointer Adjustment
Three main types of redundancy - Answers -Backups, Hardware Redundancy (mirroring, raid),
Journaling (more advanced, rare)
What are the steps of Holt graph detection? - Answers -1. Eliminate "allocation only" nodes
(Remove the leaf nodes)
4|Page
Questions and Verified 100% Solutions (2026/2027) |A+
Graded |Guaranteed Pass
A port identifies the ___________ we wish to communicate with - Answers -process
How does TCP handle send and receives? - Answers -- send call puts information in OS buffer
and sends it
- receiver side will read buffer
- one receive call does not correspond to one send call
What are the two types of communication protocols? - Answers -1. Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) - Good Child
2. Internet Protocol (IP) - Bad child
(T/F) Are CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTIC_COARSE faster? - Answers -True
(T/F) CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE and CLOCK_MONOTIC_COARSE are more accurate variants of
CLOCK_REALTIME and CLOCK_MONOTIC? - Answers -False
What is CLOCK_MONOTIC_RAW clock? - Answers -1. Gives the same as CLOCK_MONOTIC
1|Page
,2. Not affected by NTP adjustments
When does a counter decrement? - Answers -Each pulse
What is CLOCK_MONOTONIC clock? - Answers -1. Gives the time since a fixed starting point -
usually since you booted the system
2. Affected by NTP , but can't jump backward
UDP - Answers -User Datagram Protocol - Connectionless method of data transfer - data arrives
out of order - best effort delivery
TCP - Answers -Transmission Control Protocol - Connection-Oriented Protocol, Data is delivered
in-order, lost data is retransmitted
What is CLOCK_REALTIME clock? - Answers -1. Gives the time pass passed since January 1, 1970
2. Affected by NTP adjustments
What are NTP Clocks? - Answers -Network Time Protocol (NTP)
2|Page
,Is an internet protocol used to synchronize with computer clock time sources in a network
What are the 5 types of NTP clocks? - Answers -1. CLOCK_REALTIME
2. CLOCK_MONOTONIC
3. CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW
4. CLOCL_REALTIME_COARSE
5. CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE
What tasks need system clocks? - Answers -1. Maintaining the time of the day
2. Preventing processes from running longer than allowed
3. Accounting for CPU usage
4. Handling alarm system call from user processes
5. Providing watchdog timers for system itself
6. Profiling, monitoring, statistics
What is RAID? - Answers -Redundant arrays of independent disks; creating groups of disks that
are failsafe
5 Benefits of RAID - Answers -1. Provides performance gains through parallel hardware access
2. Provide reliability through redundant storage
3. Fast recovery
3|Page
, 4. Hot swap is possible (Hot swapping is the replacement or addition of components to a
computer system without stopping, shutting down, or rebooting the system; hot plugging
describes the addition of components only.)
5. Can be software or hardware based
What are interrupts? - Answers -Allows the device to alert the CPU that is it ready
What is failover? - Answers -Failure is a backup operational mode that automatically switches to
a standby database, server or network if the primary system fails
How does mirrored storage work? - Answers -Every write is duplicated (write to disk 0 and disk
1). Reads are to whichever system is least loaded. Automatic failover when disk, ES, or network
fails
Some display controllers support Hardware Scrolling via _____________ ______________ -
Answers -Pointer Adjustment
Three main types of redundancy - Answers -Backups, Hardware Redundancy (mirroring, raid),
Journaling (more advanced, rare)
What are the steps of Holt graph detection? - Answers -1. Eliminate "allocation only" nodes
(Remove the leaf nodes)
4|Page
