NURS 612 Exam 2 – maRyvillE UNivERSity Exam latESt
2026 actUal QUEStioNS aNd vERifiEd aNSWERS (latESt
UpdatE) a+ GRadE 100% GUaRaNtEE vERifiEd
By ExpERtS
inspect the chest - ANSWER-without clothes on; 1st assess shape and size; 2nd check
for symmetry; 3rd thoracic landmarks; 4th color of skin; 5th check for supernumerary
nipples; 6th superficial venous patterns; and 7th observe for rib prominence
thoracic landmarks - ANSWER-midline trachea, costal angle, angle of ribs, intercostal
spaces, suprasternal notch
symmetry of chest - ANSWER-thoracic expansion at costal angle, w/o use of accessory
muscles
hx questions for cc of resp issue - ANSWER-What is the nature of your cough?; Do you
produce any sputum?; Is your cough related to activity?; What position are you most
comfortable in?; How many pillows do you sleep with at night?; Is your SOB related to
activity?
normal respirations - ANSWER-rate between 12 to 20/min; ratio of resp to heart beats=
1:4; pt should breathe easily, regularly w/o apparent distress; pattern should be even,
not too shallow or too deep
hypopnea - ANSWER-term for abnormally shallow respirations
tachypnea - ANSWER-term for resp rate greater than 20, but consistent and may occur
during hyperventilation; often a symptom of pain
bradypnea - ANSWER-term for resp rate less than 12; may indicate neurologic or
electrolyte disturbances, infection, or conscious response to protect against the pain of
pleurisy or other irritative pneumonia. Can also be 2/2 level of cardio fitness
, hyperventilation - ANSWER-term for fast and deep, heavy respirations, can be caused
by exercise, anxiety, and CNS and metabolic diseases
hyperpnea - ANSWER-term for abnormally deep respirations
kussmaul respirations - ANSWER-deep and mostly rapid respirations, used to describe
resp effort of metabolic acidosis
cheyne stokes respirations - ANSWER-regular breathing with intervals of apnea by
crescendo decrescendo breathing; can be seen in sleeping pts, but mostly pts who are
very ill, esp with brain damage
biot respirations - ANSWER-irregular breathing that varies in depth and is interrupted
irregularly by intervals of apnea; associated with severe and persistent increased
intracranial pressure, resp compromise from drug poisoning, or brain damage at the
medulla and generally equals poor prognosis
peripheral areas related to respiratory assessment - ANSWER-observe the lips and
nails for cyanosis or pallor; lips for pursing; fingers for clubbing; and alae nasi for
flaring
pleural friction rub - ANSWER-dry, rubbing, or grating sound; palpable, coarse, grating
vibration; usually on inspiration; caused by inflammation of the pleural surfaces; think
feel of leather rubbing on leather
thoracic expansion - ANSWER-stand behind patient and place thumbs along spinal
process at level of 10th rib, with palms lightly in contact with the posterolateral
surfaces; watch the thumbs during quiet and deep breathing; loss of symmetry =
problem on either 1 or both sides.
crepitus - ANSWER-crackly/crinkly sensation that can be palpated and heard, a gentle
bubbly feeling; indicates air in the subcutaneous tissue from a rupture somewhere in
the resp system, or infection with gas producing organism
2026 actUal QUEStioNS aNd vERifiEd aNSWERS (latESt
UpdatE) a+ GRadE 100% GUaRaNtEE vERifiEd
By ExpERtS
inspect the chest - ANSWER-without clothes on; 1st assess shape and size; 2nd check
for symmetry; 3rd thoracic landmarks; 4th color of skin; 5th check for supernumerary
nipples; 6th superficial venous patterns; and 7th observe for rib prominence
thoracic landmarks - ANSWER-midline trachea, costal angle, angle of ribs, intercostal
spaces, suprasternal notch
symmetry of chest - ANSWER-thoracic expansion at costal angle, w/o use of accessory
muscles
hx questions for cc of resp issue - ANSWER-What is the nature of your cough?; Do you
produce any sputum?; Is your cough related to activity?; What position are you most
comfortable in?; How many pillows do you sleep with at night?; Is your SOB related to
activity?
normal respirations - ANSWER-rate between 12 to 20/min; ratio of resp to heart beats=
1:4; pt should breathe easily, regularly w/o apparent distress; pattern should be even,
not too shallow or too deep
hypopnea - ANSWER-term for abnormally shallow respirations
tachypnea - ANSWER-term for resp rate greater than 20, but consistent and may occur
during hyperventilation; often a symptom of pain
bradypnea - ANSWER-term for resp rate less than 12; may indicate neurologic or
electrolyte disturbances, infection, or conscious response to protect against the pain of
pleurisy or other irritative pneumonia. Can also be 2/2 level of cardio fitness
, hyperventilation - ANSWER-term for fast and deep, heavy respirations, can be caused
by exercise, anxiety, and CNS and metabolic diseases
hyperpnea - ANSWER-term for abnormally deep respirations
kussmaul respirations - ANSWER-deep and mostly rapid respirations, used to describe
resp effort of metabolic acidosis
cheyne stokes respirations - ANSWER-regular breathing with intervals of apnea by
crescendo decrescendo breathing; can be seen in sleeping pts, but mostly pts who are
very ill, esp with brain damage
biot respirations - ANSWER-irregular breathing that varies in depth and is interrupted
irregularly by intervals of apnea; associated with severe and persistent increased
intracranial pressure, resp compromise from drug poisoning, or brain damage at the
medulla and generally equals poor prognosis
peripheral areas related to respiratory assessment - ANSWER-observe the lips and
nails for cyanosis or pallor; lips for pursing; fingers for clubbing; and alae nasi for
flaring
pleural friction rub - ANSWER-dry, rubbing, or grating sound; palpable, coarse, grating
vibration; usually on inspiration; caused by inflammation of the pleural surfaces; think
feel of leather rubbing on leather
thoracic expansion - ANSWER-stand behind patient and place thumbs along spinal
process at level of 10th rib, with palms lightly in contact with the posterolateral
surfaces; watch the thumbs during quiet and deep breathing; loss of symmetry =
problem on either 1 or both sides.
crepitus - ANSWER-crackly/crinkly sensation that can be palpated and heard, a gentle
bubbly feeling; indicates air in the subcutaneous tissue from a rupture somewhere in
the resp system, or infection with gas producing organism
