EMT BASIC AAOS FINAL PAPER SOLVED
QUESTIONS DETAILED ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION PREPARATION SET
●● A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents
with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When
you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and
alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to
three-word sentences at a time. You should:
A. place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula,
and closely monitor his breathing.
B. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask
device at a rate of at least 20 breaths/min.
C. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-
mask device and high-flow oxygen.
D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor
his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or
deterioration.
Answer: D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device,
monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement
or deterioration.
●● A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His
mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly
,before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened,
and is coughing forcefully. You should:
A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition.
C. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it.
Answer: A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and
transport.
●● A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing
scant vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly
becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In addition to
administering 100% oxygen, you should:
A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B. position her supine and elevate her legs 12″.
C. carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
Answer: A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
●● A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your
primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you
insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:
,A. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.
C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx.
Answer: C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her
oropharynx.
●● A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction.
He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink,
warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient
includes:
A. performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B. finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D. a series of back blows and chest thrusts.
Answer: C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
●● Febrile seizures:
A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B. are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
, C. often result in permanent brain damage.
D. occur when a child's fever progressively rises.
Answer: A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
●● A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has
pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest
and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the
midshaft clavicle. After assessing distal pulse, sensory, and motor
functions, you should:
A. straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B. perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D. place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling.
Answer: C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
●● A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears
cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A. perform abdominal thrusts.
B. give oxygen and transport at once.
C. perform a blind finger sweep.
D. visualize the child's airway.
QUESTIONS DETAILED ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION PREPARATION SET
●● A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents
with severe respiratory distress and an oxygen saturation of 82%. When
you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and
alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to
three-word sentences at a time. You should:
A. place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula,
and closely monitor his breathing.
B. force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-mask
device at a rate of at least 20 breaths/min.
C. place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-
mask device and high-flow oxygen.
D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, monitor
his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or
deterioration.
Answer: D. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device,
monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement
or deterioration.
●● A 6-year-old male presents with acute respiratory distress. His
mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly
,before the episode began. The child is conscious, obviously frightened,
and is coughing forcefully. You should:
A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport.
B. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition.
C. place the child in a supine position and perform abdominal thrusts.
D. carefully look into his mouth and remove the object if you see it.
Answer: A. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and
transport.
●● A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing
scant vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she suddenly
becomes diaphoretic, tachycardic, and hypotensive. In addition to
administering 100% oxygen, you should:
A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
B. position her supine and elevate her legs 12″.
C. carefully place sterile gauze into her vagina.
D. assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
Answer: A. place her in a left lateral recumbent position.
●● A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your
primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you
insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:
,A. insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block.
B. select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it.
C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.
D. continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx.
Answer: C. remove the airway and be prepared to suction her
oropharynx.
●● A 37-year-old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction.
He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink,
warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient
includes:
A. performing a series of abdominal thrusts.
B. finger sweeps to remove the obstruction.
C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
D. a series of back blows and chest thrusts.
Answer: C. encouraging him to cough and transporting.
●● Febrile seizures:
A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
B. are also referred to as petit mal seizures.
, C. often result in permanent brain damage.
D. occur when a child's fever progressively rises.
Answer: A. are usually benign but should be evaluated.
●● A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has
pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest
and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the
midshaft clavicle. After assessing distal pulse, sensory, and motor
functions, you should:
A. straighten his arm and apply a board splint.
B. perform a rapid secondary assessment.
C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
D. place a pillow under his arm and apply a sling.
Answer: C. immobilize the injury with a sling and swathe.
●● A child who has no recent history of illness suddenly appears
cyanotic and cannot speak after playing with a small toy. You should:
A. perform abdominal thrusts.
B. give oxygen and transport at once.
C. perform a blind finger sweep.
D. visualize the child's airway.
