CRIM 210 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
concept - ANSWERSa general or abstract term that refers to a class or group of more
specific terms, (ex/crime refers to any number of specific behaviours).
social-control agencies - ANSWERSusually government agencies mandated to perform
various functions in the justice system, such as police, courts, and correctional
institutions
field research - ANSWERSa method in which research is conducted outside of a
laboratory, in the setting where the behaviour of interest is occurring
aggregated - ANSWERSstatistics on crime and other social behaviour are deemed
aggregated when they are grouped into categories that make it impossible to match
individuals on other characteristics
crime index - ANSWERSa statistics Canada categorization scheme for classifying
police crime statistics as property, violent, and other index crimes
administrative charges - ANSWERScharges laid for behaviours that are not generally
considered to be criminal
administrative charges - ANSWERSex/ failure to appear in court
self-report survey - ANSWERSa criminology questionnaire survey in which individuals
are asked to report on their involvement in criminal or delinquent activities
victimization survey - ANSWERSa survey questionnaire that asks individuals whether
they have been victimized over a particular time period, and in what ways
clearance rates - ANSWERSrefers to stats that indicate the rate at which police process
criminal incidents as charged offences
administrative offences - ANSWERSoffences that involve interference with the
administration of justice
empirical - ANSWERSan adjective describing knowledge that is based on observation,
experience or experiment, rather than on theory or philosophy
zero-tolerance policies - ANSWERSpolicies related to the intolerance of behaviour that
is considered undesirable
, reliability - ANSWERSin behavioural science, refers to the extent to which variable
measurement and research findings can be or have been replaced
validity - ANSWERSrefers to the extent to which research variables have been
measured in a way that is consistent wth the theoretical concept, or what was intended
unfounded offences - ANSWERSevents investigated by the police as potentially
criminal offences that are determined not to be offences
telescoping - ANSWERSa problem faced by researchers conducting self-report or
victimization surveys, people tens to lump offences that may have occurred several
years ago into something that occurred "last year"
self-fulfilling prophecy - ANSWERSa prediction or assumption that in being made
actually causes itself to become true
racialize/racialized - ANSWERSa concept that allows an understanding of racism that
goes beyond overt expressions and discriminatory actions of individuals
ethnographic method - ANSWERSa research method that involves richly detailed
descriptions and classifications of a group of people or behaviours
longitudinal study - ANSWERSa research method in which data on a group of people
are collected over a number of time periods, rather than at only one point in their lives
race - ANSWERSa socially constructed category based on beliefs about biological
differences between groups of people that have no basis in scientific evidence
ethnicity - ANSWERSa persons group of origin where origin is usually thought of in
terms of ancestral location and/or elements of culture (ex/language, style of dress,
behavioural patterns, social customs)
socio-economic status - ANSWERSsimilar to social class, but specifically refers to a
persons social standing of position in terms of education, occupation, and income
first nations - ANSWERScompared with term aboriginal, term first nations has clear
political connotations because it specific terms, it means the first people who were a
nation (ex. person with political and legal standing)
gender - ANSWERSthe socially constructed aspects of a persons biological sex
birth cohort - ANSWERSa group of people born in the same time period
remedial solutions - ANSWERSprograms designed to help overcome as weakness as
opposed to correct a problem
AND ANSWERS
concept - ANSWERSa general or abstract term that refers to a class or group of more
specific terms, (ex/crime refers to any number of specific behaviours).
social-control agencies - ANSWERSusually government agencies mandated to perform
various functions in the justice system, such as police, courts, and correctional
institutions
field research - ANSWERSa method in which research is conducted outside of a
laboratory, in the setting where the behaviour of interest is occurring
aggregated - ANSWERSstatistics on crime and other social behaviour are deemed
aggregated when they are grouped into categories that make it impossible to match
individuals on other characteristics
crime index - ANSWERSa statistics Canada categorization scheme for classifying
police crime statistics as property, violent, and other index crimes
administrative charges - ANSWERScharges laid for behaviours that are not generally
considered to be criminal
administrative charges - ANSWERSex/ failure to appear in court
self-report survey - ANSWERSa criminology questionnaire survey in which individuals
are asked to report on their involvement in criminal or delinquent activities
victimization survey - ANSWERSa survey questionnaire that asks individuals whether
they have been victimized over a particular time period, and in what ways
clearance rates - ANSWERSrefers to stats that indicate the rate at which police process
criminal incidents as charged offences
administrative offences - ANSWERSoffences that involve interference with the
administration of justice
empirical - ANSWERSan adjective describing knowledge that is based on observation,
experience or experiment, rather than on theory or philosophy
zero-tolerance policies - ANSWERSpolicies related to the intolerance of behaviour that
is considered undesirable
, reliability - ANSWERSin behavioural science, refers to the extent to which variable
measurement and research findings can be or have been replaced
validity - ANSWERSrefers to the extent to which research variables have been
measured in a way that is consistent wth the theoretical concept, or what was intended
unfounded offences - ANSWERSevents investigated by the police as potentially
criminal offences that are determined not to be offences
telescoping - ANSWERSa problem faced by researchers conducting self-report or
victimization surveys, people tens to lump offences that may have occurred several
years ago into something that occurred "last year"
self-fulfilling prophecy - ANSWERSa prediction or assumption that in being made
actually causes itself to become true
racialize/racialized - ANSWERSa concept that allows an understanding of racism that
goes beyond overt expressions and discriminatory actions of individuals
ethnographic method - ANSWERSa research method that involves richly detailed
descriptions and classifications of a group of people or behaviours
longitudinal study - ANSWERSa research method in which data on a group of people
are collected over a number of time periods, rather than at only one point in their lives
race - ANSWERSa socially constructed category based on beliefs about biological
differences between groups of people that have no basis in scientific evidence
ethnicity - ANSWERSa persons group of origin where origin is usually thought of in
terms of ancestral location and/or elements of culture (ex/language, style of dress,
behavioural patterns, social customs)
socio-economic status - ANSWERSsimilar to social class, but specifically refers to a
persons social standing of position in terms of education, occupation, and income
first nations - ANSWERScompared with term aboriginal, term first nations has clear
political connotations because it specific terms, it means the first people who were a
nation (ex. person with political and legal standing)
gender - ANSWERSthe socially constructed aspects of a persons biological sex
birth cohort - ANSWERSa group of people born in the same time period
remedial solutions - ANSWERSprograms designed to help overcome as weakness as
opposed to correct a problem
