,Galen NSG 3500 Exam 1 – Maternal Health
(2026) Actual Q&A PDF
1. The nurse is teaching a group of students about the function of the ovaries. Which statement is
correct?
A) The ovaries produce only estrogen.
B) The ovaries produce ova and secrete progesterone and estrogen.
C) The ovaries are responsible for implantation of the fertilized ovum.
D) The ovaries produce prolactin during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: The ovaries produce ova and secrete progesterone and estrogen.
Rationale: The ovaries are the female gonads responsible for producing ova (eggs) and secreting the
hormones estrogen and progesterone. They do not produce prolactin; that is secreted by the anterior
pituitary. Implantation occurs in the uterus, not the ovary. The ovaries are essential for both
reproduction and hormonal regulation.
2. Which pelvic type is most common and most favorable for a vaginal birth?
A) Android
B) Anthropoid
C) Gynecoid
D) Platypelloid
Correct Answer: Gynecoid
Rationale: The gynecoid pelvis has a rounded inlet, adequate transverse and anterior‑posterior
diameters, and is the most common pelvic type. It provides the most space for the fetal head to pass
through during labor and delivery. The android pelvis is heart‑shaped; anthropoid is oval; platypelloid
is flat and least favorable.
3. A non‑pregnant uterus is approximately the size of:
,A) A pea
B) A fist (3 inches by 2 inches)
C) A grapefruit
D) A volleyball
Correct Answer: A fist (3 inches by 2 inches)
Rationale: The non‑pregnant uterus is a small, pear‑shaped organ approximately the size of a
woman’s fist, measuring about 3 inches by 2 inches. During pregnancy, it expands significantly to
accommodate the growing fetus. Knowing normal size helps the nurse assess uterine changes.
4. Stretching of which ligament during pregnancy often causes lower quadrant pain?
A) Broad ligament
B) Uterosacral ligament
C) Round ligament
D) Cardinal ligament
Correct Answer: Round ligament
Rationale: The round ligaments support the uterus and stretch as the uterus enlarges during
pregnancy. This stretching can cause sharp, pulling, or aching pain in the lower quadrants, especially
with sudden movement. It is a common, benign discomfort of pregnancy known as round ligament
pain.
5. The perineum is best described as the:
A) Upper portion of the uterus
B) Area between the vagina and the anus
C) Outer layer of the ovary
D) Opening of the cervix
, Correct Answer: Area between the vagina and the anus
Rationale: The perineum is the fibromuscular tissue located between the vaginal opening and the
anus. It supports the pelvic structures and can be torn or surgically incised (episiotomy) during
childbirth. Proper perineal care postpartum is essential to prevent infection and promote healing.
6. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the proliferation of the endometrial lining during the
menstrual cycle?
A) Progesterone
B) Prolactin
C) Estrogen
D) Oxytocin
Correct Answer: Estrogen
Rationale: Estrogen, produced by the maturing ovarian follicles, stimulates the thickening and
proliferation of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. This prepares
the uterine lining for potential implantation. Progesterone is responsible for the secretory phase and
maintaining the lining.
7. The nurse is explaining the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Which hormone is dominant during
this phase?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle‑stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: Progesterone
Rationale: After ovulation, the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes large
amounts of progesterone. Progesterone prepares the endometrium for implantation by stimulating
(2026) Actual Q&A PDF
1. The nurse is teaching a group of students about the function of the ovaries. Which statement is
correct?
A) The ovaries produce only estrogen.
B) The ovaries produce ova and secrete progesterone and estrogen.
C) The ovaries are responsible for implantation of the fertilized ovum.
D) The ovaries produce prolactin during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: The ovaries produce ova and secrete progesterone and estrogen.
Rationale: The ovaries are the female gonads responsible for producing ova (eggs) and secreting the
hormones estrogen and progesterone. They do not produce prolactin; that is secreted by the anterior
pituitary. Implantation occurs in the uterus, not the ovary. The ovaries are essential for both
reproduction and hormonal regulation.
2. Which pelvic type is most common and most favorable for a vaginal birth?
A) Android
B) Anthropoid
C) Gynecoid
D) Platypelloid
Correct Answer: Gynecoid
Rationale: The gynecoid pelvis has a rounded inlet, adequate transverse and anterior‑posterior
diameters, and is the most common pelvic type. It provides the most space for the fetal head to pass
through during labor and delivery. The android pelvis is heart‑shaped; anthropoid is oval; platypelloid
is flat and least favorable.
3. A non‑pregnant uterus is approximately the size of:
,A) A pea
B) A fist (3 inches by 2 inches)
C) A grapefruit
D) A volleyball
Correct Answer: A fist (3 inches by 2 inches)
Rationale: The non‑pregnant uterus is a small, pear‑shaped organ approximately the size of a
woman’s fist, measuring about 3 inches by 2 inches. During pregnancy, it expands significantly to
accommodate the growing fetus. Knowing normal size helps the nurse assess uterine changes.
4. Stretching of which ligament during pregnancy often causes lower quadrant pain?
A) Broad ligament
B) Uterosacral ligament
C) Round ligament
D) Cardinal ligament
Correct Answer: Round ligament
Rationale: The round ligaments support the uterus and stretch as the uterus enlarges during
pregnancy. This stretching can cause sharp, pulling, or aching pain in the lower quadrants, especially
with sudden movement. It is a common, benign discomfort of pregnancy known as round ligament
pain.
5. The perineum is best described as the:
A) Upper portion of the uterus
B) Area between the vagina and the anus
C) Outer layer of the ovary
D) Opening of the cervix
, Correct Answer: Area between the vagina and the anus
Rationale: The perineum is the fibromuscular tissue located between the vaginal opening and the
anus. It supports the pelvic structures and can be torn or surgically incised (episiotomy) during
childbirth. Proper perineal care postpartum is essential to prevent infection and promote healing.
6. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the proliferation of the endometrial lining during the
menstrual cycle?
A) Progesterone
B) Prolactin
C) Estrogen
D) Oxytocin
Correct Answer: Estrogen
Rationale: Estrogen, produced by the maturing ovarian follicles, stimulates the thickening and
proliferation of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. This prepares
the uterine lining for potential implantation. Progesterone is responsible for the secretory phase and
maintaining the lining.
7. The nurse is explaining the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Which hormone is dominant during
this phase?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Follicle‑stimulating hormone (FSH)
D) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Correct Answer: Progesterone
Rationale: After ovulation, the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes large
amounts of progesterone. Progesterone prepares the endometrium for implantation by stimulating
