Elementary Statistics- FINAL EXAM
REVIEW
Which-of-the-following-represents-data?
A.Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course.
B.20%-of-the-students-in-a-math-class-make-an-A.
C.A-radio-station-announces-the-results-of-a-contest.
D.A-local-dentist-creates-a-questionnaire-to-determine-the-quality-of-the-care-received-
during-an-office-visit---ans-✔✔A.Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course.
A-research-company-performed-a-study-of-Machiavellian-traits-in-accountants.-
Machiavellian-describes-negative-character-traits-that-include-manipulation,-cunning,-
duplicity,-deception,-and-bad-faith.-A-questionnaire-was-administered-to-a-random-
sample-of-
700-acccounting-alumni-of-a-large-university;-however,-due-to-nonresponse-and-
incomplete-answers,-only-203-questionnaires-could-be-analyzed.-Several-variables-were-
measured,-including-age,-gender,-level-of-education,-income,-job-satisfaction-score,-and-
Machiavellian-("Mach")-rating-score.-The-research-findings-suggest-that-Machiavellian-
behavior-is-not-required-to-achieve-success-in-the-accounting-profession.
Part-B.-Identify-the-population-of-interest-to-the-researchers.-Choose-the-correct-answer-
below.
A.All-alumni-of-the-large-university
B.All-accounting-alumni-of-the-large-university
C.The-700-accounting-alumni
D.All-203-accounting-alumni-who-returned---ans-✔✔Part-A:-
B)All-accounting-alumni-of-the-large-university
Part-B:-
C)The-sample-is-the-203-accounting-alumni-who-returned-the-questionnaire
Part-C:-
A)Machiavellian-behavior-is-not-required-to-achieve-success-in-the-accounting-profession.
If-we-are-collecting-sample-data-for-a-study,-the-_______-that-we-choose-can-greatly-
influence-the-validity-of-our-conclusions.-For-example,-we-can-use-sound-statistical-
methods-to-analyze-data-in-voluntary-response-samples,-but-the-results-are-not-
necessarily-valid.---ans-✔✔Sampling-Method
Which-of-the-following-is-NOT-a-voluntary-response-sample?
, A.-A-survey-is-taken-at-a-mall-by-asking-passersby-if-they-will-fill-out-the-survey.
B.-Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course-are-analyzed-to-determine-student-
progress.
C.-A-radio-station-asks-for-call-in-responses-to-a-question-concerning-city-recycling.
D.-A-local-dentist-asks-her-patients-to-fill-out-a-questionnaire-and-mail-it-back-to-determine-
the-quality-of-the-care-received-during-an-office-visit.---ans-✔✔B.-Quiz-scores-from-a-
college-level-statistics-course-are-analyzed-to-determine-student-progress.
What-does-it-mean-for-the-findings-of-a-statistical-analysis-of-data-to-be-statistically-
significant?
A.The-likelihood-of-getting-these-results-by-chance-is-very-small.
B.The-results-are-very-important-to-the-health-and-well-being-of-a-certain-population.
C.The-outcome-could-easily-occur-by-chance.
D.The-results-do-not-make-enough-difference-to-be-of-use.---ans-✔✔A.The-likelihood-of-
getting-these-results-by-chance-is-very-small.
What-is-the-goal-of-learning-statistics?
A.To-accept-the-source-of-the-data-blindly
B.To-use-statistics-for-deception
C.To-learn-to-distinguish-between-statistical-conclusions-that-are-likely-to-be-valid-and-
those-that-are-seriously-flawed.
D.To-use-voluntary-response-samples-to-imply-results-about-the-population---ans-✔✔C.-
To-learn-to-distinguish-between-statistical-conclusions-that-are-likely-to-be-valid-and-those-
that-are-seriously-flawed.
Which-of-the-following-is-NOT-a-misuse-of-statistics?
A.Misleading-graphs
B.Utilizing-valid-statistical-methods-and-correct-sampling-techniques
C.Concluding-that-a-variable-causes-another-variable-because-they-have-some-
correlation
D.Making-conclusions-about-a-population-based-on-a-voluntary-response-sample---ans-
✔✔B.Utilizing-valid-statistical-methods-and-correct-sampling-techniques
The-managers-of-28-museums-of-contemporary-art-identified-the-performance-measure-
most-often-used-to-evaluate-their-performance.-A-summary-and-bar-graph-of-the-results-
are-available-below.-Consider-the-bar-graph.-Identify-two-ways-in-which-the-bar-graph-
might-mislead-the-viewer-by-overemphasizing-the-importance-of-one-of-the-performance-
measures.-Select-two-ways.-
A.The-chart-has-a-misleading-title-because-the-vertical-axis-is-displayed-as-a-percentage-
instead-of-a-proportion.
B.The-information-displayed-in-the-chart-does-not-match-the-information-in-the-table.
C.There-is-only-a-measure-of-central-tendency-and-no-measure-of-variation-displayed.
D.The-vertical-axis-does-not-start-at-zero.
E.The-bars-are-not-of-equal-width.
REVIEW
Which-of-the-following-represents-data?
A.Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course.
B.20%-of-the-students-in-a-math-class-make-an-A.
C.A-radio-station-announces-the-results-of-a-contest.
D.A-local-dentist-creates-a-questionnaire-to-determine-the-quality-of-the-care-received-
during-an-office-visit---ans-✔✔A.Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course.
A-research-company-performed-a-study-of-Machiavellian-traits-in-accountants.-
Machiavellian-describes-negative-character-traits-that-include-manipulation,-cunning,-
duplicity,-deception,-and-bad-faith.-A-questionnaire-was-administered-to-a-random-
sample-of-
700-acccounting-alumni-of-a-large-university;-however,-due-to-nonresponse-and-
incomplete-answers,-only-203-questionnaires-could-be-analyzed.-Several-variables-were-
measured,-including-age,-gender,-level-of-education,-income,-job-satisfaction-score,-and-
Machiavellian-("Mach")-rating-score.-The-research-findings-suggest-that-Machiavellian-
behavior-is-not-required-to-achieve-success-in-the-accounting-profession.
Part-B.-Identify-the-population-of-interest-to-the-researchers.-Choose-the-correct-answer-
below.
A.All-alumni-of-the-large-university
B.All-accounting-alumni-of-the-large-university
C.The-700-accounting-alumni
D.All-203-accounting-alumni-who-returned---ans-✔✔Part-A:-
B)All-accounting-alumni-of-the-large-university
Part-B:-
C)The-sample-is-the-203-accounting-alumni-who-returned-the-questionnaire
Part-C:-
A)Machiavellian-behavior-is-not-required-to-achieve-success-in-the-accounting-profession.
If-we-are-collecting-sample-data-for-a-study,-the-_______-that-we-choose-can-greatly-
influence-the-validity-of-our-conclusions.-For-example,-we-can-use-sound-statistical-
methods-to-analyze-data-in-voluntary-response-samples,-but-the-results-are-not-
necessarily-valid.---ans-✔✔Sampling-Method
Which-of-the-following-is-NOT-a-voluntary-response-sample?
, A.-A-survey-is-taken-at-a-mall-by-asking-passersby-if-they-will-fill-out-the-survey.
B.-Quiz-scores-from-a-college-level-statistics-course-are-analyzed-to-determine-student-
progress.
C.-A-radio-station-asks-for-call-in-responses-to-a-question-concerning-city-recycling.
D.-A-local-dentist-asks-her-patients-to-fill-out-a-questionnaire-and-mail-it-back-to-determine-
the-quality-of-the-care-received-during-an-office-visit.---ans-✔✔B.-Quiz-scores-from-a-
college-level-statistics-course-are-analyzed-to-determine-student-progress.
What-does-it-mean-for-the-findings-of-a-statistical-analysis-of-data-to-be-statistically-
significant?
A.The-likelihood-of-getting-these-results-by-chance-is-very-small.
B.The-results-are-very-important-to-the-health-and-well-being-of-a-certain-population.
C.The-outcome-could-easily-occur-by-chance.
D.The-results-do-not-make-enough-difference-to-be-of-use.---ans-✔✔A.The-likelihood-of-
getting-these-results-by-chance-is-very-small.
What-is-the-goal-of-learning-statistics?
A.To-accept-the-source-of-the-data-blindly
B.To-use-statistics-for-deception
C.To-learn-to-distinguish-between-statistical-conclusions-that-are-likely-to-be-valid-and-
those-that-are-seriously-flawed.
D.To-use-voluntary-response-samples-to-imply-results-about-the-population---ans-✔✔C.-
To-learn-to-distinguish-between-statistical-conclusions-that-are-likely-to-be-valid-and-those-
that-are-seriously-flawed.
Which-of-the-following-is-NOT-a-misuse-of-statistics?
A.Misleading-graphs
B.Utilizing-valid-statistical-methods-and-correct-sampling-techniques
C.Concluding-that-a-variable-causes-another-variable-because-they-have-some-
correlation
D.Making-conclusions-about-a-population-based-on-a-voluntary-response-sample---ans-
✔✔B.Utilizing-valid-statistical-methods-and-correct-sampling-techniques
The-managers-of-28-museums-of-contemporary-art-identified-the-performance-measure-
most-often-used-to-evaluate-their-performance.-A-summary-and-bar-graph-of-the-results-
are-available-below.-Consider-the-bar-graph.-Identify-two-ways-in-which-the-bar-graph-
might-mislead-the-viewer-by-overemphasizing-the-importance-of-one-of-the-performance-
measures.-Select-two-ways.-
A.The-chart-has-a-misleading-title-because-the-vertical-axis-is-displayed-as-a-percentage-
instead-of-a-proportion.
B.The-information-displayed-in-the-chart-does-not-match-the-information-in-the-table.
C.There-is-only-a-measure-of-central-tendency-and-no-measure-of-variation-displayed.
D.The-vertical-axis-does-not-start-at-zero.
E.The-bars-are-not-of-equal-width.
