FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING LATEST
2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH QUESTION
AND VERIFIED ANSWER | GRADED A+
A patient's health history of breast cancer that runs in the family is
what type of risk factor? Correct Answer Non-modifiable risk
factor
Laws affecting nursing practice (Think PHMPG) Correct Answer -
Right of Privacy
-HIPAA
-Malpractice
-Patient's Bill of Rights
-Good Samaritan Law
Rubra Correct Answer Deep red mixture, first 3-4 days
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient and the
patient is harmed. The physician who ordered the medication did
not read the documentation that the patient was allergic to the
drug. Which statement is true regarding liability for the
administration of the wrong medication?
A. The nurse is not responsible, because the nurse was merely
following the doctor's orders.
B. Only the nurse is responsible, because the nurse actually
administered the medication.
C. Only the physician is responsible, because the physician
actually ordered the drug.
D. Both the nurse and the physician are responsible for their
respective actions. Correct Answer D. Nurses are legally
responsible for carrying out the orders of the physician in charge
of a patient unless an order would lead a reasonable person to
,anticipate injury if it were carried out. If the nurse should have
anticipated injury and did not, both the prescribing physician and
the administering nurse are responsible for the harms to which
they contributed.
Phosphate normal values Correct Answer 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Normal ionized serum calcium level Correct Answer 4.5-5.1
mg/dL
Base excess or deficit values Correct Answer -2 to +2 mMol/L
A patient tells the nurse that she would like to use a mechanical
barrier for birth control. Which method might the nurse
recommend?
A. Diaphragm
B. Oral contraceptive pills
C. Depo-Provera
D. Evra patch Correct Answer A The diaphragm is the only barrier
method of contraception listed; all the other methods are
hormonal.
Serum Bicarbonate Correct Answer 25-29 mEq/L
A female patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer
tells the nurse, "The treatment for this cancer is worse than the
disease itself. I'm not going to come for my therapy anymore."
The nurse responds by using critical thinking skills to address this
patient problem. Which action is the first step the nurse would
take in this process?
A. The nurse judges whether the patient database is adequate to
address the problem.
,B. The nurse considers whether or not to suggest a counseling
session for the patient.
C. The nurse reassesses the patient and decides how best to
intervene in her care.
D. The nurse identifies several options for intervening in the
patient's care and critiques the merit of each option. Correct
Answer C. The first step when thinking critically about a situation
is to identify the purpose or goal of your thinking. Reassessing the
patient helps to discipline thinking by directing all thoughts toward
the goal. Once the problem is addressed, it is important for the
nurse to judge the adequacy of the knowledge, identify potential
problems, use helpful resources, and critique the decision.
Serosa Correct Answer 2nd stage, pinkish-brownish discharge,
expelled 3-10 days.
Drugs used to open airways Correct Answer Bronchodilators
PCO2 normal values Correct Answer 35-45 mm Hg
A nurse is administering a pain medication to a patient. In addition
to checking his identification bracelet, the nurse correctly verifies
his identity by:
A. Asking the patient his name
B. Reading the patient's name on the sign over the bed
C. Asking the patient's roommate to verify his name
D. Asking, "Are you Mr. Brown?" Correct Answer A
PO2 normal values Correct Answer 80-100 mm Hg
Prenatal vitamins, immunizations, providing education on health
habits Correct Answer Primary prevention
, A nurse is assessing a 15-year-old female patient who is
diagnosed with anorexia. Following the assessment, the nurse
recommends that the patient meet with a nutritionist. This action
best exemplifies the use of:
A. Clinical judgment
B. Clinical reasoning
C. Critical thinking
D. Blended competencies Correct Answer A
What are verbal, nonverbal, written, and electronic? Correct
Answer Types of communication
Bradykinin Correct Answer -Causes loval vasodilation
-Stimulates nerve endings to cause pain
-Causes the release of arachidonic acid from cell membrane
This is what the body does in response to stressors Correct
Answer Adapt
This organ needs 25% of our bld supply and is affected with a
decrease in perfusion Correct Answer Kidneys
A medication order reads: "Hydromorphone, 2 mg IV every 3 to 4
hours PRN pain." The prefilled cartridge is available with a label
reading "Hydromorphone 2 mg/1 mL." The cartridge contains 1.2
mL of hydromorphone. Which nursing action is correct?
A. Give all the medication in the cartridge because it expanded
when it was mixed.
B. Call the pharmacy and request the proper dose.
C. Refuse to give the medication.
D. Dispose of 0.2 mL correctly before administering the drug.
Correct Answer D. Many cartridges are overfilled, and some of
the medication needs to be discarded. Always check the volume
2026 ACTUAL EXAM WITH QUESTION
AND VERIFIED ANSWER | GRADED A+
A patient's health history of breast cancer that runs in the family is
what type of risk factor? Correct Answer Non-modifiable risk
factor
Laws affecting nursing practice (Think PHMPG) Correct Answer -
Right of Privacy
-HIPAA
-Malpractice
-Patient's Bill of Rights
-Good Samaritan Law
Rubra Correct Answer Deep red mixture, first 3-4 days
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a patient and the
patient is harmed. The physician who ordered the medication did
not read the documentation that the patient was allergic to the
drug. Which statement is true regarding liability for the
administration of the wrong medication?
A. The nurse is not responsible, because the nurse was merely
following the doctor's orders.
B. Only the nurse is responsible, because the nurse actually
administered the medication.
C. Only the physician is responsible, because the physician
actually ordered the drug.
D. Both the nurse and the physician are responsible for their
respective actions. Correct Answer D. Nurses are legally
responsible for carrying out the orders of the physician in charge
of a patient unless an order would lead a reasonable person to
,anticipate injury if it were carried out. If the nurse should have
anticipated injury and did not, both the prescribing physician and
the administering nurse are responsible for the harms to which
they contributed.
Phosphate normal values Correct Answer 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Normal ionized serum calcium level Correct Answer 4.5-5.1
mg/dL
Base excess or deficit values Correct Answer -2 to +2 mMol/L
A patient tells the nurse that she would like to use a mechanical
barrier for birth control. Which method might the nurse
recommend?
A. Diaphragm
B. Oral contraceptive pills
C. Depo-Provera
D. Evra patch Correct Answer A The diaphragm is the only barrier
method of contraception listed; all the other methods are
hormonal.
Serum Bicarbonate Correct Answer 25-29 mEq/L
A female patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer
tells the nurse, "The treatment for this cancer is worse than the
disease itself. I'm not going to come for my therapy anymore."
The nurse responds by using critical thinking skills to address this
patient problem. Which action is the first step the nurse would
take in this process?
A. The nurse judges whether the patient database is adequate to
address the problem.
,B. The nurse considers whether or not to suggest a counseling
session for the patient.
C. The nurse reassesses the patient and decides how best to
intervene in her care.
D. The nurse identifies several options for intervening in the
patient's care and critiques the merit of each option. Correct
Answer C. The first step when thinking critically about a situation
is to identify the purpose or goal of your thinking. Reassessing the
patient helps to discipline thinking by directing all thoughts toward
the goal. Once the problem is addressed, it is important for the
nurse to judge the adequacy of the knowledge, identify potential
problems, use helpful resources, and critique the decision.
Serosa Correct Answer 2nd stage, pinkish-brownish discharge,
expelled 3-10 days.
Drugs used to open airways Correct Answer Bronchodilators
PCO2 normal values Correct Answer 35-45 mm Hg
A nurse is administering a pain medication to a patient. In addition
to checking his identification bracelet, the nurse correctly verifies
his identity by:
A. Asking the patient his name
B. Reading the patient's name on the sign over the bed
C. Asking the patient's roommate to verify his name
D. Asking, "Are you Mr. Brown?" Correct Answer A
PO2 normal values Correct Answer 80-100 mm Hg
Prenatal vitamins, immunizations, providing education on health
habits Correct Answer Primary prevention
, A nurse is assessing a 15-year-old female patient who is
diagnosed with anorexia. Following the assessment, the nurse
recommends that the patient meet with a nutritionist. This action
best exemplifies the use of:
A. Clinical judgment
B. Clinical reasoning
C. Critical thinking
D. Blended competencies Correct Answer A
What are verbal, nonverbal, written, and electronic? Correct
Answer Types of communication
Bradykinin Correct Answer -Causes loval vasodilation
-Stimulates nerve endings to cause pain
-Causes the release of arachidonic acid from cell membrane
This is what the body does in response to stressors Correct
Answer Adapt
This organ needs 25% of our bld supply and is affected with a
decrease in perfusion Correct Answer Kidneys
A medication order reads: "Hydromorphone, 2 mg IV every 3 to 4
hours PRN pain." The prefilled cartridge is available with a label
reading "Hydromorphone 2 mg/1 mL." The cartridge contains 1.2
mL of hydromorphone. Which nursing action is correct?
A. Give all the medication in the cartridge because it expanded
when it was mixed.
B. Call the pharmacy and request the proper dose.
C. Refuse to give the medication.
D. Dispose of 0.2 mL correctly before administering the drug.
Correct Answer D. Many cartridges are overfilled, and some of
the medication needs to be discarded. Always check the volume
