CISSN final Exam Study guide Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
(T/F) The primary ergogenic True
nutrients
in most energy drinks (ED) and ES
appear to be carbohydrate and/or
caffeine
(T/F) The ergogenic value of True
caffeine
on mental and physical
performance
has been well-established but the
potential additive benefits of other
nutrients contained in energy
drinks
(ED) and ES remains to be
determined.
Consuming energy drinks (ED) True
10-60
minutes before exercise can
improve
mental focus, alertness, anaerobic
performance, and/or endurance
performance.
,What is needed for Stimulated by hormones such as
gluconeogenesis glucagon, growth
in humans? Give examples of hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol.
gluconeogenic precursors. Precursors include glycerol, lactate,
propionate,
and certain amino acids.
Compare fat and carb oxidation Fat is primary fuel source of low intensity
during exercise. Under what exercise.
conditions does one fuel source Carbs are the primary fuel source of
predominate over the other? moderate and
high intensity exercise.
What activities or sports use High-intensity, short duration activities
ATP-PCr utilize ATP-
energy system as the main energy PCr as dominant energy system.
system? **6-30 seconds of all out effort (closer to
30 sec;
the more glycolysis starts to contribute to
ATP
needs)
Where does most of the energy for The electron transport chain
ATP phosphorylation come from?
What is the Cori cycle? Process whereby lactate produced in a
muscle cell
is released into the blood, travels to the
liver, and is
converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis
, What is the primary fuel source - High Jump = creatine phosphate
for: - 1500 m run = muscle glycogen
- High jump? - Marathon = free fatty acids
- 1500 m run?
- Marathon?
Know the equivalent kcal values - 1g carb = 4 kcal/g
for: - 1g of fat = 9kcal/g
- 1g of carbohydrate - 1g of protein = 4kcal/g
- 1g of fat
- 1g of protein
What is the SI unit for energy? Joule
What is lactate? A by-product of glycolysis formed when
pyruvate
reacts with NADH in the presence of
lactate
dehydrogenase enzyme.
What is the rate limiting step in Fructose-6 phosphate to fructose 1,6
glycolysis? biphosphate
in the presence of the
phosphofructokinase
enzyme
What organ(s) is/are involved in Liver and kidneys
nitrogen elimination?
During which process do amino Deamination; the liver
acids lose their amine or nitrogen
group and where does it happen?
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
(T/F) The primary ergogenic True
nutrients
in most energy drinks (ED) and ES
appear to be carbohydrate and/or
caffeine
(T/F) The ergogenic value of True
caffeine
on mental and physical
performance
has been well-established but the
potential additive benefits of other
nutrients contained in energy
drinks
(ED) and ES remains to be
determined.
Consuming energy drinks (ED) True
10-60
minutes before exercise can
improve
mental focus, alertness, anaerobic
performance, and/or endurance
performance.
,What is needed for Stimulated by hormones such as
gluconeogenesis glucagon, growth
in humans? Give examples of hormone, epinephrine, and cortisol.
gluconeogenic precursors. Precursors include glycerol, lactate,
propionate,
and certain amino acids.
Compare fat and carb oxidation Fat is primary fuel source of low intensity
during exercise. Under what exercise.
conditions does one fuel source Carbs are the primary fuel source of
predominate over the other? moderate and
high intensity exercise.
What activities or sports use High-intensity, short duration activities
ATP-PCr utilize ATP-
energy system as the main energy PCr as dominant energy system.
system? **6-30 seconds of all out effort (closer to
30 sec;
the more glycolysis starts to contribute to
ATP
needs)
Where does most of the energy for The electron transport chain
ATP phosphorylation come from?
What is the Cori cycle? Process whereby lactate produced in a
muscle cell
is released into the blood, travels to the
liver, and is
converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis
, What is the primary fuel source - High Jump = creatine phosphate
for: - 1500 m run = muscle glycogen
- High jump? - Marathon = free fatty acids
- 1500 m run?
- Marathon?
Know the equivalent kcal values - 1g carb = 4 kcal/g
for: - 1g of fat = 9kcal/g
- 1g of carbohydrate - 1g of protein = 4kcal/g
- 1g of fat
- 1g of protein
What is the SI unit for energy? Joule
What is lactate? A by-product of glycolysis formed when
pyruvate
reacts with NADH in the presence of
lactate
dehydrogenase enzyme.
What is the rate limiting step in Fructose-6 phosphate to fructose 1,6
glycolysis? biphosphate
in the presence of the
phosphofructokinase
enzyme
What organ(s) is/are involved in Liver and kidneys
nitrogen elimination?
During which process do amino Deamination; the liver
acids lose their amine or nitrogen
group and where does it happen?
