Updated/Latest Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives Test Bank Complete All Chapters Comprehensive Pathophysiology Resource Practice Questions Answers Rationales Clinical Applications Disease Processes NCLEX R

Test bank for Davis Advantage for PathophysiologyIntroductory Concepts and
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Clinical Perspectives 2nd Edition by Theresa M Capriotti
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Chapter 1 - 46 | Complete
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,Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
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Multiple Choice
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Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
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1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
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2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
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3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
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L compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
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L potassium ions. L




2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
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the presence of oxygen?
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1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid L L L



2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle L L L L L



3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A L L L



4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid L L L L L




3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
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1. 2 L L



2. 3 L L



3. 34 L L



4. 53 L L




4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
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1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids L



4. Deoxyribonucleic acids L




5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
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1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
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2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
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3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
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4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
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6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
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1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress L L L



2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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3. During a severe hypoxic state L L L L



4. During the processing of prohormone L L L L




7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
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1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments

, 3. Secretory vesicles L



4. Endoplasmic reticula L




L 8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells?
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1. Actin and myosin L L



2. Prohormone and tubulin L L



3. Tubulin and actin L L



4. Myosin and prohormone L L




L 9. L Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease?
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1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal enzymes L




10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy?
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1. Accumulation of ganglioside L L



2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis L L L L



3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity L L L L



4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system L L L L L L L L




11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct?
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1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
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2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations.
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3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system.
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4. During ER stress, nondegraded substances accumulate in the cells.
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12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be
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L involved?
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
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2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus
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3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules
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4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum L L L L L




13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component is
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Lexamined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
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1. Transfer RNA L



2. Ribosomal RNA L



3. Double helix of DNA L L L



4. Mitochondrial DNA L




14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
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L climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
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1. Cellular hypoxia L



2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema L

, L15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate?
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1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases L L L L



2. The presence of pyrimidine bases L L L L



3. The presence of nucleotides L L L



4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond L L L L L




L16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
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1. 2 L L



2. 3 L L



3. 4 L L



4. 5 L L




17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
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1. Nucleotides
2. Amino acids L



3. Fatty acids L



4. Phosphates

L18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
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1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell L L L L



2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA L L L L L L L



3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell L L L L L L L



4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell L L L L L L L L L




L19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
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mechanism of action of the drug?
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1. It prevents the replication of bacteria.
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2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
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3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
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4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
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L20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
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1. In the ribosomes L L



2. In the Golgi apparatus L L L



3. In the secretory granules L L L



4. In the endoplasmic reticulum L L L




L21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
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1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi apparatus L



4. Endoplasmic reticulum L




Multiple Response
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Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
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L22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
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.