NRS 2010 EXAM 2 LATEST 2026/2027
OAKLAND UNIVERSITY NEW FALL-
WINTER EXAM |GUARANTEED PASS
When comparing angina with myocardial infarction (MI), which statement is true?
a. Both angina and MI cause tissue necrosis.
b. Angina often occurs at rest; MI occurs during a stressful time.
c. Pain is more severe and lasts longer with angina than with MI
d. Angina pain is relieved by rest and intake of nitroglycerin, the pain of MI is not.
d
The basic pathophysiology of myocardial infarction is best described as:
a. cardiac output that is insufficient to meet the needs of the heart and body.
b. temporary vasospasm that occurs in a coronary artery.
c. total obstruction of a coronary artery, which causes myocardial necrosis.
d. irregular heart rate and force, reducing supply to coronary arteries.
c
Typical early signs or symptoms of myocardial infarction include:
a. brief, substernal pain radiating to the right arm, with labored breathing.
b. persistent chest pain radiating to the left arm, pallor, and rapid, weak pulse.
c. bradycardia, increased blood pressure, and severe dyspnea.
d. flushed face, rapid respirations, left-side weakness, and numbness.
b
The most common cause of a myocardial infarction is:
a. an imbalance in calcium ions.
b. an infection of the heart muscle.
c. atherosclerosis involving an attached thrombus.
d. a disruption of the heart conduction system.
,c
Which of the following confirms the presence of a myocardial infarction?
a. A full description of the pain, including the sequence of development.
b. The presence of elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides.
c. Serum izoenzymes from necrotic cells and an ECG.
d. Leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein.
c
Which of the following is the most likely to cause left-sided congestive heart failure?
a. Incompetent tricuspid heart valve
b. Chronic pulmonary disease
c. Infarction in the right atrium
d. Uncontrolled essential hypertension
d
The definition of congestive heart failure is:
a. cessation of all cardiac activity.
b. inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body.
c. insufficient circulating blood in the body.
d. the demand of oxygen by the heart is greater than the supply.
b
What is the most common casue of viral pneumonia?
a. Rhinovirus
b. Influenza virus
c. Haemophilus influenzae
d. Pneumococcus
b
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
a. Sudden onset of fever and chills, with rales and rusty sputum
b. Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
c. Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleuritic pain
,d. Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish sputum
a
How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia?
a. Acidosis depresses respirations.
b. Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion.
c. Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air.
d. Infections reduces effective compensation by the heart.
b
A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle weakness and
cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is hypokalemic. Which of the
following could be the cause of her condition?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Constipation
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Laxative abuse
d
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could
have caused this condition?
a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use
b
A 60-year-old is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should the nurse
expect to observe?
a. Weak pulse
b. Excessive thirst
c. Oliguria
, d. Constipation
c
Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system?
a. Protein/fat
b. Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
c. Sodium/potassium
d. Amylase/albumin
b
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with:
a. retention of metabolic acids
b. hypoaldosteronism
c. excessive loss of chloride
d. hyperventilation
c
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis? A
patient diagnosed with:
a. diabetes insipidus
b. pulmonary disorders
c. Cushing syndrome
d. renal failure
d
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Vomiting
b. Hyperventilation
c. Pneumonia
d. An increase in noncarbonic acids
c
OAKLAND UNIVERSITY NEW FALL-
WINTER EXAM |GUARANTEED PASS
When comparing angina with myocardial infarction (MI), which statement is true?
a. Both angina and MI cause tissue necrosis.
b. Angina often occurs at rest; MI occurs during a stressful time.
c. Pain is more severe and lasts longer with angina than with MI
d. Angina pain is relieved by rest and intake of nitroglycerin, the pain of MI is not.
d
The basic pathophysiology of myocardial infarction is best described as:
a. cardiac output that is insufficient to meet the needs of the heart and body.
b. temporary vasospasm that occurs in a coronary artery.
c. total obstruction of a coronary artery, which causes myocardial necrosis.
d. irregular heart rate and force, reducing supply to coronary arteries.
c
Typical early signs or symptoms of myocardial infarction include:
a. brief, substernal pain radiating to the right arm, with labored breathing.
b. persistent chest pain radiating to the left arm, pallor, and rapid, weak pulse.
c. bradycardia, increased blood pressure, and severe dyspnea.
d. flushed face, rapid respirations, left-side weakness, and numbness.
b
The most common cause of a myocardial infarction is:
a. an imbalance in calcium ions.
b. an infection of the heart muscle.
c. atherosclerosis involving an attached thrombus.
d. a disruption of the heart conduction system.
,c
Which of the following confirms the presence of a myocardial infarction?
a. A full description of the pain, including the sequence of development.
b. The presence of elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides.
c. Serum izoenzymes from necrotic cells and an ECG.
d. Leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein.
c
Which of the following is the most likely to cause left-sided congestive heart failure?
a. Incompetent tricuspid heart valve
b. Chronic pulmonary disease
c. Infarction in the right atrium
d. Uncontrolled essential hypertension
d
The definition of congestive heart failure is:
a. cessation of all cardiac activity.
b. inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body.
c. insufficient circulating blood in the body.
d. the demand of oxygen by the heart is greater than the supply.
b
What is the most common casue of viral pneumonia?
a. Rhinovirus
b. Influenza virus
c. Haemophilus influenzae
d. Pneumococcus
b
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia?
a. Sudden onset of fever and chills, with rales and rusty sputum
b. Insidious onset, diffuse interstitial infection
c. Viral infection causing nonproductive cough and pleuritic pain
,d. Opportunistic bacteria causing low-grade fever with cough and thick greenish sputum
a
How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia?
a. Acidosis depresses respirations.
b. Oxygen diffusion is impaired by the congestion.
c. Inflammatory exudate absorbs oxygen from the alveolar air.
d. Infections reduces effective compensation by the heart.
b
A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle weakness and
cardiac abnormalities. Laboratory tests indicate that she is hypokalemic. Which of the
following could be the cause of her condition?
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Constipation
c. Hypoglycemia
d. Laxative abuse
d
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could
have caused this condition?
a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use
b
A 60-year-old is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should the nurse
expect to observe?
a. Weak pulse
b. Excessive thirst
c. Oliguria
, d. Constipation
c
Which of the following buffer pairs is considered the major plasma buffering system?
a. Protein/fat
b. Carbonic acid/bicarbonate
c. Sodium/potassium
d. Amylase/albumin
b
Which patient is most prone to metabolic alkalosis? A patient with:
a. retention of metabolic acids
b. hypoaldosteronism
c. excessive loss of chloride
d. hyperventilation
c
Which patient should the nurse assess for both hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis? A
patient diagnosed with:
a. diabetes insipidus
b. pulmonary disorders
c. Cushing syndrome
d. renal failure
d
Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?
a. Vomiting
b. Hyperventilation
c. Pneumonia
d. An increase in noncarbonic acids
c
