MCA I FINAL EXAM REVIEWED QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS .
General test taking tips - correct Answers -Follow ADPIE (ASSESS FIRST before interventions)
ABC's unless specific
Be suspicious of "never" and "always"
For psychosocial questions: ask very broad, open-ended questions; never assume; don't
patronize; don't generalize; avoid speculation
Beta blockers - correct Answers -Tx: HTN and prevent post-MI (reduce work of heart) &
occasionally in tx of HF with adjuncts like ACEI & diuretics
Adverse effect: Bradycardia
End in "olol"
EX) Metoprolol, atenolol
Question/be careful with use in pts with asthma because beta blocker decreases the contractility
of the heart (with asthma pt more worried about breathing)
ACEI/ARBs - correct Answers -Tx: HTN & HF (prevents ventricular remodeling
Caution: Orthostatic hypotension (careful moving pt, getting up quickly=fall risk)
Both drugs prevent/tx diabetic nephropathy (slow it down)
ACEI's: (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)
~inhibits angiotensin II, prevent vasoconstriction of blood vessels so it helps blood vessels relax
and dilate (decreasing BP)
~ends in -pril"
~EX) lisinopril, catopril
~may cause cough
~side effect to watch out for is angioedema (swelling of face), which closes your airway
,ARBs: (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
~ends un -sartan
~EX) losartan
~can be used instead if ACEI is not tolerated well
~work just as well as ACEI
~inhibit vasoconstriction, causing blood vessels to dilate and increasing blood flow
Nitrates - correct Answers -Vasodilator (increase blood flow to heart to decrease angina sx~
chest pain & dilate veins to increase blood flow to body, which decreases work on heart)
Don't give with ED drugs
Hypotension risk
Sublingual for fast acting
Paste for long acting (routine)
MIs will not be relieved with NTG
Morphine (opiate) - correct Answers -Anxiolytic
Affects preload and afterload
Respiratory depression risk
ANTIDOTE: narcan/naloxone
Constipation risk!
What is the common side effect of TB meds? - correct Answers -Liver failure
MONITOR LFT's
What is the common side effect of NSAIDS? - correct Answers -Renal failure
Risk of bleeding
"I know too little"
Ibuprofen~ renal
, What is the common side effect of Tylenol? - correct Answers -Liver failure
"I know too little"
Tylenol~ liver
What is the common side effect of Versed (midazolam)? - correct Answers -Amnestic
What are the common side effects of steroids? - correct Answers -Hyperglycemia
Immunocompromised (long-term use)
Weight gain
What is the antidote for hydrocodone (opiate)? - correct Answers -NARCAN
What is the antidote for midazolam? - correct Answers -ROMAZICON
What is the antidote for heparin? - correct Answers -PROTAMINE
What is the antidote for warfarin? - correct Answers -VITAMIN K
What is the importance of med compliance with TB meds? - correct Answers -It is very
important that people who have TB disease finish the medicine, taking the drugs exactly as
prescribed. If they stop taking the drugs too soon, they can become sick again; if they do not take
the drugs correctly, the TB bacteria that are still alive may become resistant to those drugs. TB
that is resistant to drugs is harder and more expensive to treat (according to the CDC~ don't give
me credit for these wise words).
Also, TB is more prevalent in third world countries with less access to education, financial
barriers and less access to transportation.. making it difficult to treat TB (my wise words)
Key lab associated with anemia? - correct Answers -Hbg "Rule of 8's"
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS .
General test taking tips - correct Answers -Follow ADPIE (ASSESS FIRST before interventions)
ABC's unless specific
Be suspicious of "never" and "always"
For psychosocial questions: ask very broad, open-ended questions; never assume; don't
patronize; don't generalize; avoid speculation
Beta blockers - correct Answers -Tx: HTN and prevent post-MI (reduce work of heart) &
occasionally in tx of HF with adjuncts like ACEI & diuretics
Adverse effect: Bradycardia
End in "olol"
EX) Metoprolol, atenolol
Question/be careful with use in pts with asthma because beta blocker decreases the contractility
of the heart (with asthma pt more worried about breathing)
ACEI/ARBs - correct Answers -Tx: HTN & HF (prevents ventricular remodeling
Caution: Orthostatic hypotension (careful moving pt, getting up quickly=fall risk)
Both drugs prevent/tx diabetic nephropathy (slow it down)
ACEI's: (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)
~inhibits angiotensin II, prevent vasoconstriction of blood vessels so it helps blood vessels relax
and dilate (decreasing BP)
~ends in -pril"
~EX) lisinopril, catopril
~may cause cough
~side effect to watch out for is angioedema (swelling of face), which closes your airway
,ARBs: (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
~ends un -sartan
~EX) losartan
~can be used instead if ACEI is not tolerated well
~work just as well as ACEI
~inhibit vasoconstriction, causing blood vessels to dilate and increasing blood flow
Nitrates - correct Answers -Vasodilator (increase blood flow to heart to decrease angina sx~
chest pain & dilate veins to increase blood flow to body, which decreases work on heart)
Don't give with ED drugs
Hypotension risk
Sublingual for fast acting
Paste for long acting (routine)
MIs will not be relieved with NTG
Morphine (opiate) - correct Answers -Anxiolytic
Affects preload and afterload
Respiratory depression risk
ANTIDOTE: narcan/naloxone
Constipation risk!
What is the common side effect of TB meds? - correct Answers -Liver failure
MONITOR LFT's
What is the common side effect of NSAIDS? - correct Answers -Renal failure
Risk of bleeding
"I know too little"
Ibuprofen~ renal
, What is the common side effect of Tylenol? - correct Answers -Liver failure
"I know too little"
Tylenol~ liver
What is the common side effect of Versed (midazolam)? - correct Answers -Amnestic
What are the common side effects of steroids? - correct Answers -Hyperglycemia
Immunocompromised (long-term use)
Weight gain
What is the antidote for hydrocodone (opiate)? - correct Answers -NARCAN
What is the antidote for midazolam? - correct Answers -ROMAZICON
What is the antidote for heparin? - correct Answers -PROTAMINE
What is the antidote for warfarin? - correct Answers -VITAMIN K
What is the importance of med compliance with TB meds? - correct Answers -It is very
important that people who have TB disease finish the medicine, taking the drugs exactly as
prescribed. If they stop taking the drugs too soon, they can become sick again; if they do not take
the drugs correctly, the TB bacteria that are still alive may become resistant to those drugs. TB
that is resistant to drugs is harder and more expensive to treat (according to the CDC~ don't give
me credit for these wise words).
Also, TB is more prevalent in third world countries with less access to education, financial
barriers and less access to transportation.. making it difficult to treat TB (my wise words)
Key lab associated with anemia? - correct Answers -Hbg "Rule of 8's"
