HOSMERIT
NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS MIDTERM EXAM –
(CHAMBERLAIN)
2025-2026 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS
What are medication examples of Schedule II drugs? - ANSWER: -Ativan & Valium
-Fentanyl
-Oxycodone
-Methadone
What medications are Schedule III drugs? - ANSWER: -Xanax
-Tramadol
-anabolic steroids
-<90mg of codeine
What medications are Schedule IV drugs? - ANSWER: -Ativan
-Tramadol
-Methadone
-Adderall
Which schedule drugs can APRNs prescribe? - ANSWER: Schedule II through Schedule IV
examples of reasons for medication non-adherence - ANSWER: -too busy
-too expensive
-ran out
-forgetting
-traveling & busy
,Distribution in medication in elderly can be affected in what ways? - ANSWER: -decreased lean
mass
-decreased albumin
-decreased body fat
-slower gastric acidity
-slower absorption results in delayed response
In the elderly decrease albumin and decreased lean mass affects medications how? - ANSWER:
medication binds to protein so decreased protein affects how medication is absorbed and
distributed
In elderly decreased body fat affects medications how? - ANSWER: need fat to transport
medications and some drug metabolism is dependent on body weight
When prescribing medication, we must understand that liver function declines with age due to....
- ANSWER: decreased blood flow to the liver, decreased hepatic enzymes
What is the most important cause of adverse drug reactions? - ANSWER:
***overprescribing/polypharmacy
***decreased renal excretion
-high drug dosages (start low & go slow)
-lack of monitoring medications
What can a poor metabolism phenotype do to a metabolism of a drug? - ANSWER: -slow or
increase absorption
-slow the metabolism
-keep drug in body longer
-increase toxicity
, How does poor metabolism affect a high or low therapeutic index? - ANSWER: -increase drug
toxicity
(example plavix - clots & increased platelets)
Black box warning for Opioids - ANSWER: respiratory depression
Black box warning for Fentanyl - ANSWER: FATAL respiratory depression
Black box warning for Methadone (NP cannot prescribe) - ANSWER: QT interval prolongation
Black box warning for Codeine - ANSWER: -breastfeeding and infant death can occur
-10% of dose converts to morphine
Black box warning for hydromorphone & oxymorphone (NP cannot prescribe long acting
hydromorphone and oxymorphone) - ANSWER: -risk for high abuse & overdose
-respiratory depression
Black box warning for oxycodone (NP need additional training to prescribe for chronic pain) -
ANSWER: -HIGH potential for abuse
-respiratory depression
Meds that require special training for APNs to prescribe are... - ANSWER: -Opioids
-Fentanyl
-Methadone
-Codeine
NR 565 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
FUNDAMENTALS MIDTERM EXAM –
(CHAMBERLAIN)
2025-2026 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS
What are medication examples of Schedule II drugs? - ANSWER: -Ativan & Valium
-Fentanyl
-Oxycodone
-Methadone
What medications are Schedule III drugs? - ANSWER: -Xanax
-Tramadol
-anabolic steroids
-<90mg of codeine
What medications are Schedule IV drugs? - ANSWER: -Ativan
-Tramadol
-Methadone
-Adderall
Which schedule drugs can APRNs prescribe? - ANSWER: Schedule II through Schedule IV
examples of reasons for medication non-adherence - ANSWER: -too busy
-too expensive
-ran out
-forgetting
-traveling & busy
,Distribution in medication in elderly can be affected in what ways? - ANSWER: -decreased lean
mass
-decreased albumin
-decreased body fat
-slower gastric acidity
-slower absorption results in delayed response
In the elderly decrease albumin and decreased lean mass affects medications how? - ANSWER:
medication binds to protein so decreased protein affects how medication is absorbed and
distributed
In elderly decreased body fat affects medications how? - ANSWER: need fat to transport
medications and some drug metabolism is dependent on body weight
When prescribing medication, we must understand that liver function declines with age due to....
- ANSWER: decreased blood flow to the liver, decreased hepatic enzymes
What is the most important cause of adverse drug reactions? - ANSWER:
***overprescribing/polypharmacy
***decreased renal excretion
-high drug dosages (start low & go slow)
-lack of monitoring medications
What can a poor metabolism phenotype do to a metabolism of a drug? - ANSWER: -slow or
increase absorption
-slow the metabolism
-keep drug in body longer
-increase toxicity
, How does poor metabolism affect a high or low therapeutic index? - ANSWER: -increase drug
toxicity
(example plavix - clots & increased platelets)
Black box warning for Opioids - ANSWER: respiratory depression
Black box warning for Fentanyl - ANSWER: FATAL respiratory depression
Black box warning for Methadone (NP cannot prescribe) - ANSWER: QT interval prolongation
Black box warning for Codeine - ANSWER: -breastfeeding and infant death can occur
-10% of dose converts to morphine
Black box warning for hydromorphone & oxymorphone (NP cannot prescribe long acting
hydromorphone and oxymorphone) - ANSWER: -risk for high abuse & overdose
-respiratory depression
Black box warning for oxycodone (NP need additional training to prescribe for chronic pain) -
ANSWER: -HIGH potential for abuse
-respiratory depression
Meds that require special training for APNs to prescribe are... - ANSWER: -Opioids
-Fentanyl
-Methadone
-Codeine
