WCU Pathophysiology Midterm Questions & Answers 2026 |
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. If a nurse is preparing to admit a client with bronchiectasis, what specific
assessment should be prioritized to manage the patient's condition
effectively?
Checking for signs of gastrointestinal distress
Evaluating skin integrity and hydration status
Assessing respiratory function and sputum characteristics
Monitoring blood pressure and heart rate
2. What are signs of fluid volume excess?
weight loss
ascites
jugular vein distention
edema
3. What condition is characterized by prolonged bleeding after minor trauma
and a prolonged aPTT with a normal platelet count?
DIC
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
Von Willebrand disease
4. Allostasis is best defined as?
, Achieving stability through change and properly adjusting to a
stressor
Suffering cognitive effects such as distraction and memory loss
Lessing of the stress response that does not occur after a stressor
The release of epinepherine and norepinepherine following a stressor
5. Which of the following types of asthma is a classic example of type I IgE-
mediated hypersensitivity?
Occupational asthma
Atopic asthma
Drug-induced asthma
Non-atopic asthma
6. Bleeding after minor trauma. Normal platelet count. Prolonged aPTT.
hemophilia
anemia
hypertension
hypokalemia
7. Describe the significance of oxygen affinity in the context of hemoglobin's
role in the body.
Oxygen affinity affects the production of red blood cells in the bone
marrow.
Oxygen affinity only influences the color of blood.
Oxygen affinity is crucial because it determines how readily
hemoglobin binds to oxygen and releases it to tissues.
, Oxygen affinity is irrelevant to hemoglobin's function in oxygen
transport.
8. If a 5-year-old with asthma presents with extreme shortness of breath and
silent chest areas, what immediate action should be taken?
Start intravenous fluids
Perform a chest X-ray
Administer a bronchodilator
Schedule a follow-up appointment
9. Describe how moderate adherence to lifestyle changes can impact blood
pressure in hypertensive patients.
Moderate adherence only affects heart rate, not blood pressure.
Moderate adherence to lifestyle changes can lead to a gradual
decrease in blood pressure, indicating some effectiveness of the
interventions.
Moderate adherence can worsen blood pressure control.
Moderate adherence has no effect on blood pressure.
10. What is the term used to describe the increased anterior-posterior chest
diameter in obstructive lung disease?
Barrel chest
Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Pectus excavatum
11. Describe how histamine release contributes to allergic reactions in the body.
, Histamine release stimulates the production of white blood cells,
enhancing immune response.
Histamine release inhibits the release of other hormones, preventing
inflammation.
Histamine release causes vasodilation and increased permeability
of blood vessels, leading to symptoms like swelling and redness.
Histamine release decreases blood flow to tissues, causing numbness
and tingling.
12. Higher incidence of hypertension occurs in this population
Caucasian
African American
Hispanic
Asian
13. Describe how sodium imbalances can affect the body's fluid balance.
Sodium imbalances only affect muscle function.
Sodium imbalances primarily affect hormone production.
Sodium levels do not significantly impact fluid balance.
Sodium imbalances can lead to fluid shifts, causing either
dehydration or edema.
14. Using the following table of normal and abnormal arterial blood gas (ABG)
values, what lab abnormalities would you find with someone suffering from a
Respiratory Alkalosis?
High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. If a nurse is preparing to admit a client with bronchiectasis, what specific
assessment should be prioritized to manage the patient's condition
effectively?
Checking for signs of gastrointestinal distress
Evaluating skin integrity and hydration status
Assessing respiratory function and sputum characteristics
Monitoring blood pressure and heart rate
2. What are signs of fluid volume excess?
weight loss
ascites
jugular vein distention
edema
3. What condition is characterized by prolonged bleeding after minor trauma
and a prolonged aPTT with a normal platelet count?
DIC
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
Von Willebrand disease
4. Allostasis is best defined as?
, Achieving stability through change and properly adjusting to a
stressor
Suffering cognitive effects such as distraction and memory loss
Lessing of the stress response that does not occur after a stressor
The release of epinepherine and norepinepherine following a stressor
5. Which of the following types of asthma is a classic example of type I IgE-
mediated hypersensitivity?
Occupational asthma
Atopic asthma
Drug-induced asthma
Non-atopic asthma
6. Bleeding after minor trauma. Normal platelet count. Prolonged aPTT.
hemophilia
anemia
hypertension
hypokalemia
7. Describe the significance of oxygen affinity in the context of hemoglobin's
role in the body.
Oxygen affinity affects the production of red blood cells in the bone
marrow.
Oxygen affinity only influences the color of blood.
Oxygen affinity is crucial because it determines how readily
hemoglobin binds to oxygen and releases it to tissues.
, Oxygen affinity is irrelevant to hemoglobin's function in oxygen
transport.
8. If a 5-year-old with asthma presents with extreme shortness of breath and
silent chest areas, what immediate action should be taken?
Start intravenous fluids
Perform a chest X-ray
Administer a bronchodilator
Schedule a follow-up appointment
9. Describe how moderate adherence to lifestyle changes can impact blood
pressure in hypertensive patients.
Moderate adherence only affects heart rate, not blood pressure.
Moderate adherence to lifestyle changes can lead to a gradual
decrease in blood pressure, indicating some effectiveness of the
interventions.
Moderate adherence can worsen blood pressure control.
Moderate adherence has no effect on blood pressure.
10. What is the term used to describe the increased anterior-posterior chest
diameter in obstructive lung disease?
Barrel chest
Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Pectus excavatum
11. Describe how histamine release contributes to allergic reactions in the body.
, Histamine release stimulates the production of white blood cells,
enhancing immune response.
Histamine release inhibits the release of other hormones, preventing
inflammation.
Histamine release causes vasodilation and increased permeability
of blood vessels, leading to symptoms like swelling and redness.
Histamine release decreases blood flow to tissues, causing numbness
and tingling.
12. Higher incidence of hypertension occurs in this population
Caucasian
African American
Hispanic
Asian
13. Describe how sodium imbalances can affect the body's fluid balance.
Sodium imbalances only affect muscle function.
Sodium imbalances primarily affect hormone production.
Sodium levels do not significantly impact fluid balance.
Sodium imbalances can lead to fluid shifts, causing either
dehydration or edema.
14. Using the following table of normal and abnormal arterial blood gas (ABG)
values, what lab abnormalities would you find with someone suffering from a
Respiratory Alkalosis?
