NSG3600 Final Exam V2 | NSG 3600
Nursing Practice – Children’s Health Exam
Q&A | Galen College of Nursing
1. A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a barking cough and
stridor. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Assessing airway patency and respiratory status
B. Administering oral antibiotics as prescribed
C. Obtaining a throat culture to rule out infection
D. Encouraging the child to drink orange juice
Answer: A
Rationale: The child is displaying symptoms of croup, which can lead to airway
obstruction. Assessing the airway is the first priority to ensure the child is ventilating
adequately. This assessment guides further interventions like cool mist or racemic
epinephrine.
2. Which developmental stage, according to Erikson, is a 4-year-old child currently
navigating?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years are in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage. During this
time, they begin to assert power and control over the world through directing play and
other social interaction. If this tendency is squelched, children may develop a sense of guilt.
3. When administering medication to an infant, which method is most appropriate to ensure
safety and accuracy?
A. Using a calibrated oral syringe and aiming toward the side of the cheek
B. Mixing the medication in a full 8-ounce bottle of formula
C. Holding the infant’s nose to force them to swallow
D. Using a household teaspoon to measure the dose
Answer: A
Rationale: An oral syringe ensures the most accurate measurement of small pediatric
doses. Aiming toward the side of the cheek prevents aspiration and choking. Mixing
medication in a full bottle is discouraged because the infant may not finish the entire
volume.
4. A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis about chest physiotherapy
(CPT). What is the primary purpose of this intervention?
A. To increase the child’s appetite
, B. To mobilize and clear thick pulmonary secretions
C. To prevent the development of scoliosis
D. To reduce the need for pancreatic enzyme replacement
Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis causes thick, tenacious mucus to build up in the lungs. CPT uses
gravity and percussion to help move these secretions into the central airways for
expectoration. This is vital for reducing the risk of respiratory infections and improving
ventilation.
5. Which assessment finding in an infant with dehydration requires immediate notification of
the healthcare provider?
A. Blood pressure of 60/40 mmHg
B. Sunken fontanels
C. Capillary refill of 2 seconds
D. Dry mucous membranes
Answer: A
Rationale: A blood pressure of 60/40 mmHg in an infant is significantly low and indicates
decompensated shock. While dry membranes and sunken fontanels are signs of
dehydration, hypotension is a late and life-threatening finding. Immediate fluid
resuscitation is necessary to prevent organ failure.
Nursing Practice – Children’s Health Exam
Q&A | Galen College of Nursing
1. A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with a barking cough and
stridor. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Assessing airway patency and respiratory status
B. Administering oral antibiotics as prescribed
C. Obtaining a throat culture to rule out infection
D. Encouraging the child to drink orange juice
Answer: A
Rationale: The child is displaying symptoms of croup, which can lead to airway
obstruction. Assessing the airway is the first priority to ensure the child is ventilating
adequately. This assessment guides further interventions like cool mist or racemic
epinephrine.
2. Which developmental stage, according to Erikson, is a 4-year-old child currently
navigating?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
,D. Industry vs. Inferiority
Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years are in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage. During this
time, they begin to assert power and control over the world through directing play and
other social interaction. If this tendency is squelched, children may develop a sense of guilt.
3. When administering medication to an infant, which method is most appropriate to ensure
safety and accuracy?
A. Using a calibrated oral syringe and aiming toward the side of the cheek
B. Mixing the medication in a full 8-ounce bottle of formula
C. Holding the infant’s nose to force them to swallow
D. Using a household teaspoon to measure the dose
Answer: A
Rationale: An oral syringe ensures the most accurate measurement of small pediatric
doses. Aiming toward the side of the cheek prevents aspiration and choking. Mixing
medication in a full bottle is discouraged because the infant may not finish the entire
volume.
4. A nurse is teaching the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis about chest physiotherapy
(CPT). What is the primary purpose of this intervention?
A. To increase the child’s appetite
, B. To mobilize and clear thick pulmonary secretions
C. To prevent the development of scoliosis
D. To reduce the need for pancreatic enzyme replacement
Answer: B
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis causes thick, tenacious mucus to build up in the lungs. CPT uses
gravity and percussion to help move these secretions into the central airways for
expectoration. This is vital for reducing the risk of respiratory infections and improving
ventilation.
5. Which assessment finding in an infant with dehydration requires immediate notification of
the healthcare provider?
A. Blood pressure of 60/40 mmHg
B. Sunken fontanels
C. Capillary refill of 2 seconds
D. Dry mucous membranes
Answer: A
Rationale: A blood pressure of 60/40 mmHg in an infant is significantly low and indicates
decompensated shock. While dry membranes and sunken fontanels are signs of
dehydration, hypotension is a late and life-threatening finding. Immediate fluid
resuscitation is necessary to prevent organ failure.
