NSG3600 Exam 3 V3 | NSG 3600 Nursing
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A |
Galen College of Nursing
1. A 4-month-old infant with Tetralogy of Fallot begins to cry and suddenly becomes cyanotic
with rapid respirations. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Place the infant in the knee-chest position.
B. Administer 100% oxygen via face mask.
C. Prepare a dose of intravenous morphine.
D. Assess the infant’s heart rate and rhythm.
Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the infant in a knee-chest position is the priority intervention for a
hypercyanotic spell. This position increases systemic vascular resistance, which decreases
the right-to-left shunt and improves pulmonary blood flow. This immediate physical
intervention can be performed faster than preparing medications or equipment.
2. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. What should the nurse emphasize regarding exercise?
A. Provide an extra carbohydrate snack before intense physical activity.
B. Decrease caloric intake on days when more exercise is planned.
C. Administer extra insulin before participating in sports.
,D. Exercise should be avoided if blood glucose is above 150 mg/dL.
Answer: A
Rationale: Physical activity lowers blood glucose levels by increasing glucose uptake in the
muscles. To prevent hypoglycemia during exercise, the child should consume extra
carbohydrates prior to the activity. It is also important to monitor blood glucose levels
more frequently on active days.
3. Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of Coarctation of the Aorta in a school-age
child?
A. Clubbing of the fingers and toes.
B. A continuous machinery-like murmur.
C. Bounding radial pulses with weak femoral pulses.
D. Severe cyanosis that does not improve with oxygen.
Answer: C
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta involves a narrowing of the aorta, typically near the
ductus arteriosus. This results in high blood pressure and bounding pulses in the upper
extremities and low blood pressure with weak pulses in the lower extremities. Frequent
headaches and cool lower extremities are also common findings in these patients.
4. The nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following is the priority nursing action?
A. Clear the area of hazards and place the child on their side.
, B. Restrain the child’s limbs to prevent injury.
C. Insert a padded tongue blade into the child’s mouth.
D. Administer oral diazepam immediately.
Answer: A
Rationale: Safety is the primary concern during a seizure, and the nurse must protect the
child from physical harm by clearing the environment. Placing the child on their side helps
maintain a patent airway and prevents aspiration of secretions. Nothing should ever be
placed in the child’s mouth, and they should never be restrained during the event.
5. A child with Cystic Fibrosis is prescribed pancrelipase capsules. How should the nurse
instruct the parents to administer this medication?
A. Administer the enzymes with every meal and snack.
B. Give the enzymes once daily in the morning on an empty stomach.
C. Mix the enzyme beads into a bowl of hot oatmeal.
D. Crush the beads to ensure better absorption in the stomach.
Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are necessary for the digestion of fats and proteins in
patients with Cystic Fibrosis. They must be taken with all meals and snacks to ensure
adequate nutrient absorption. If the child cannot swallow capsules, the beads can be
Practice – Children’s Health Exam Q&A |
Galen College of Nursing
1. A 4-month-old infant with Tetralogy of Fallot begins to cry and suddenly becomes cyanotic
with rapid respirations. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Place the infant in the knee-chest position.
B. Administer 100% oxygen via face mask.
C. Prepare a dose of intravenous morphine.
D. Assess the infant’s heart rate and rhythm.
Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the infant in a knee-chest position is the priority intervention for a
hypercyanotic spell. This position increases systemic vascular resistance, which decreases
the right-to-left shunt and improves pulmonary blood flow. This immediate physical
intervention can be performed faster than preparing medications or equipment.
2. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. What should the nurse emphasize regarding exercise?
A. Provide an extra carbohydrate snack before intense physical activity.
B. Decrease caloric intake on days when more exercise is planned.
C. Administer extra insulin before participating in sports.
,D. Exercise should be avoided if blood glucose is above 150 mg/dL.
Answer: A
Rationale: Physical activity lowers blood glucose levels by increasing glucose uptake in the
muscles. To prevent hypoglycemia during exercise, the child should consume extra
carbohydrates prior to the activity. It is also important to monitor blood glucose levels
more frequently on active days.
3. Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of Coarctation of the Aorta in a school-age
child?
A. Clubbing of the fingers and toes.
B. A continuous machinery-like murmur.
C. Bounding radial pulses with weak femoral pulses.
D. Severe cyanosis that does not improve with oxygen.
Answer: C
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta involves a narrowing of the aorta, typically near the
ductus arteriosus. This results in high blood pressure and bounding pulses in the upper
extremities and low blood pressure with weak pulses in the lower extremities. Frequent
headaches and cool lower extremities are also common findings in these patients.
4. The nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following is the priority nursing action?
A. Clear the area of hazards and place the child on their side.
, B. Restrain the child’s limbs to prevent injury.
C. Insert a padded tongue blade into the child’s mouth.
D. Administer oral diazepam immediately.
Answer: A
Rationale: Safety is the primary concern during a seizure, and the nurse must protect the
child from physical harm by clearing the environment. Placing the child on their side helps
maintain a patent airway and prevents aspiration of secretions. Nothing should ever be
placed in the child’s mouth, and they should never be restrained during the event.
5. A child with Cystic Fibrosis is prescribed pancrelipase capsules. How should the nurse
instruct the parents to administer this medication?
A. Administer the enzymes with every meal and snack.
B. Give the enzymes once daily in the morning on an empty stomach.
C. Mix the enzyme beads into a bowl of hot oatmeal.
D. Crush the beads to ensure better absorption in the stomach.
Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are necessary for the digestion of fats and proteins in
patients with Cystic Fibrosis. They must be taken with all meals and snacks to ensure
adequate nutrient absorption. If the child cannot swallow capsules, the beads can be
