NURS 265 EXAM 4 HIV/AIDS & OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS STUDY QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS
The nurse working in the ED has triaged a client who presented with chest pain, sob, a productive cough
and reports or night sweats. The client has a health hx of AIDS and recents labs show a low CD4+ count.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
- Initiate airborne precautions
- Check the clients temp
- Assess the client for shingles
- Obtain a throat culture - answer-Initiate airborne precautions
The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has acquired AIDS and was just
diagnosed with PJP. Which of the following interventions should the nurse preceptor question?
- Offering the client foods high in calories and protein
- Instructing the client to drink at least 2-3L of fluid throughout the day
- Wearing a surgical mask when standing within 3 ft of the client
- Auscultating the client's breath sounds for crackles at least once per shift - answer-Wearing a surgical
mask when standing within 3 ft of the client.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS and has just been diagnosed with toxoplasmosis
encephalitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Thicken the pt's liquids to honey consistency
- Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72 hrs
- Ask the client if they ingested undercooked meat
- Monitor the client's level of orientation - answer-Ask the client if they ingested undercooked meat.
The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients who have AIDS about
ways to prevent infection. Which of the following statements by a client indicated the need for
additional teaching?
,- I should clean my toothbrush by running it through the dishwasher once a week
- I will avoid eating undercooked fruits and veggies
- I will notify my provider if my temp is greater than 101 F
- I will avoid drinking water that has been standing for longer than an hour. - answer-I will notify my
primary healthcare provider if my temp is greater than 101 F
The nurse is admitting a client who has AIDS and has developed an infection caused by cryptosporidium.
Which of the following client statements is consistent with the diagnosis?
- "I have lost 5 lbs this past week"
- "I have developed a persistent dry cough"
- "I have noticed that my speech has become slurred"
-"I have noticed that my food does not taste the same" - answer-"I have noticed that my speech has
become slurred"
The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 10 years ago. Which findings from the box
below require follow-up by the nurse?
1. Prolonged prothrombin time (PT)
2. Activity intolerance
3. Weight gain of 3 lbs
4. Shortness of breath
5. Hypotension
6. Irritability - answer-2. Activity intolerance
3. Weight gain of 3 lbs
4. Shortness of breath
5. Hypotension
, The nurse attended a conference about kidney transplantations. Which of the following clients who had
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) does the nurse recognize as being a transplant candidate?
- a 35 yr old client who is reporting burning with urination and is receiving abdominal radiation
- a 42 yr old client who is sobbing after receiving a new diagnosis of ovarian cancer
- a 24 yr old client who is receiving neck radiation and is reporting xerostomia
- a 56 yr old client who is receiving chest radiation and has developed changes in taste. - answer-A 35 yr
old client who is reporting burning with urination and is receiving abdominal radiation
The nurse is caring for a client who has a liver transplant 48 hours ago. It is a priority for the nurse to
notify the PHCP if the client has
- An increasing bilirubin level
- Scant amounts of serosanguinous drainage from the incision
- A urine output that has decreased from 65 to 45mL/ Hr since surgery
- An increase in BP from 115/68 to 122/74 - answer-An increasing bilirubin level
The nurse is caring for a client who had a lung transplant 10 days ago. It is a priority for the nurse to
notify the PHCP if the client has
- Only used the incentive spirometer once since last evening
- Developed sputum that is yellow-tinged
- A pain rating of 7/10 when taking a deep-breath
- Refused high- frequency chest wall oscillation for the past 24 hrs. - answer-Developed sputum that is
yellow-tinged
The nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney transplant 2 week ago. Which findings from the box
below should the nurse correlate to possible organ rejection?
1. Blood pressure of 116/66
2. Serum creatinine lvl of 2.5
3. Urinalysis is positive for protein
WITH ANSWERS
The nurse working in the ED has triaged a client who presented with chest pain, sob, a productive cough
and reports or night sweats. The client has a health hx of AIDS and recents labs show a low CD4+ count.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
- Initiate airborne precautions
- Check the clients temp
- Assess the client for shingles
- Obtain a throat culture - answer-Initiate airborne precautions
The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has acquired AIDS and was just
diagnosed with PJP. Which of the following interventions should the nurse preceptor question?
- Offering the client foods high in calories and protein
- Instructing the client to drink at least 2-3L of fluid throughout the day
- Wearing a surgical mask when standing within 3 ft of the client
- Auscultating the client's breath sounds for crackles at least once per shift - answer-Wearing a surgical
mask when standing within 3 ft of the client.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS and has just been diagnosed with toxoplasmosis
encephalitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- Thicken the pt's liquids to honey consistency
- Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72 hrs
- Ask the client if they ingested undercooked meat
- Monitor the client's level of orientation - answer-Ask the client if they ingested undercooked meat.
The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients who have AIDS about
ways to prevent infection. Which of the following statements by a client indicated the need for
additional teaching?
,- I should clean my toothbrush by running it through the dishwasher once a week
- I will avoid eating undercooked fruits and veggies
- I will notify my provider if my temp is greater than 101 F
- I will avoid drinking water that has been standing for longer than an hour. - answer-I will notify my
primary healthcare provider if my temp is greater than 101 F
The nurse is admitting a client who has AIDS and has developed an infection caused by cryptosporidium.
Which of the following client statements is consistent with the diagnosis?
- "I have lost 5 lbs this past week"
- "I have developed a persistent dry cough"
- "I have noticed that my speech has become slurred"
-"I have noticed that my food does not taste the same" - answer-"I have noticed that my speech has
become slurred"
The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 10 years ago. Which findings from the box
below require follow-up by the nurse?
1. Prolonged prothrombin time (PT)
2. Activity intolerance
3. Weight gain of 3 lbs
4. Shortness of breath
5. Hypotension
6. Irritability - answer-2. Activity intolerance
3. Weight gain of 3 lbs
4. Shortness of breath
5. Hypotension
, The nurse attended a conference about kidney transplantations. Which of the following clients who had
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) does the nurse recognize as being a transplant candidate?
- a 35 yr old client who is reporting burning with urination and is receiving abdominal radiation
- a 42 yr old client who is sobbing after receiving a new diagnosis of ovarian cancer
- a 24 yr old client who is receiving neck radiation and is reporting xerostomia
- a 56 yr old client who is receiving chest radiation and has developed changes in taste. - answer-A 35 yr
old client who is reporting burning with urination and is receiving abdominal radiation
The nurse is caring for a client who has a liver transplant 48 hours ago. It is a priority for the nurse to
notify the PHCP if the client has
- An increasing bilirubin level
- Scant amounts of serosanguinous drainage from the incision
- A urine output that has decreased from 65 to 45mL/ Hr since surgery
- An increase in BP from 115/68 to 122/74 - answer-An increasing bilirubin level
The nurse is caring for a client who had a lung transplant 10 days ago. It is a priority for the nurse to
notify the PHCP if the client has
- Only used the incentive spirometer once since last evening
- Developed sputum that is yellow-tinged
- A pain rating of 7/10 when taking a deep-breath
- Refused high- frequency chest wall oscillation for the past 24 hrs. - answer-Developed sputum that is
yellow-tinged
The nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney transplant 2 week ago. Which findings from the box
below should the nurse correlate to possible organ rejection?
1. Blood pressure of 116/66
2. Serum creatinine lvl of 2.5
3. Urinalysis is positive for protein
