NR503 Exam 1 Actual Exam Style V1 | NR
503 Population Health, Epidemiology &
Statistical Principles | Chamberlain
1. Which level of prevention is focused on the early detection of asymptomatic disease
through screening programs?
A. Primary Prevention
B. Quaternary Prevention
C. Tertiary Prevention
D. Secondary Prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect a disease in its early stages before
symptoms appear to improve the prognosis. Screening tests such as mammograms or BP
checks are classic examples of this level. It differs from primary prevention, which focuses
on preventing the onset of disease altogether.
2. What is the primary focus of Descriptive Epidemiology?
A. Describing the occurrence of disease by person, place, and time.
B. Distributing resources to underserved populations.
C. Determining the cause-and-effect relationship of a disease.
D. Evaluating the efficacy of a new pharmacological treatment.
,Answer: A
Rationale: Descriptive epidemiology focuses on the patterns of disease distribution within
a population. It utilizes variables like age, geographic location, and temporal trends to
generate hypotheses. This is often the first step before conducting analytical studies to find
causes.
3. A researcher is studying a group of people with a specific exposure and follows them over
10 years to see if they develop a disease. What type of study design is this?
A. Case-Control Study
B. Cohort Study
C. Cross-Sectional Study
D. Randomized Controlled Trial
Answer: B
Rationale: A cohort study is an observational study where participants are classified by
exposure and followed forward in time. This design allows for the calculation of incidence
rates and relative risk. It is considered one of the strongest observational designs for
establishing temporal sequences.
4. The ability of a screening test to correctly identify those who DO NOT have the disease is
known as:
A. Sensitivity
B. Positive Predictive Value
, C. Specificity
D. Reliability
Answer: C
Rationale: Specificity represents the proportion of truly healthy individuals who receive a
negative test result. A test with high specificity has a low false-positive rate, meaning it is
good at ‘ruling in’ a disease when positive. It is a fundamental measure of a diagnostic test’s
validity.
5. Which of the following describes ‘Incidence’?
A. The total number of existing cases in a population at a specific time.
B. The ratio of people with the disease to those without the disease.
C. The percentage of the population that dies from the disease.
D. The number of new cases of a disease that occur during a specified period.
Answer: D
Rationale: Incidence measures the flow of new cases into the population over a period of
time. It is useful for understanding the risk of developing a disease within a specific
timeframe. In contrast, prevalence measures the total burden of disease, including both old
and new cases.
503 Population Health, Epidemiology &
Statistical Principles | Chamberlain
1. Which level of prevention is focused on the early detection of asymptomatic disease
through screening programs?
A. Primary Prevention
B. Quaternary Prevention
C. Tertiary Prevention
D. Secondary Prevention
Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect a disease in its early stages before
symptoms appear to improve the prognosis. Screening tests such as mammograms or BP
checks are classic examples of this level. It differs from primary prevention, which focuses
on preventing the onset of disease altogether.
2. What is the primary focus of Descriptive Epidemiology?
A. Describing the occurrence of disease by person, place, and time.
B. Distributing resources to underserved populations.
C. Determining the cause-and-effect relationship of a disease.
D. Evaluating the efficacy of a new pharmacological treatment.
,Answer: A
Rationale: Descriptive epidemiology focuses on the patterns of disease distribution within
a population. It utilizes variables like age, geographic location, and temporal trends to
generate hypotheses. This is often the first step before conducting analytical studies to find
causes.
3. A researcher is studying a group of people with a specific exposure and follows them over
10 years to see if they develop a disease. What type of study design is this?
A. Case-Control Study
B. Cohort Study
C. Cross-Sectional Study
D. Randomized Controlled Trial
Answer: B
Rationale: A cohort study is an observational study where participants are classified by
exposure and followed forward in time. This design allows for the calculation of incidence
rates and relative risk. It is considered one of the strongest observational designs for
establishing temporal sequences.
4. The ability of a screening test to correctly identify those who DO NOT have the disease is
known as:
A. Sensitivity
B. Positive Predictive Value
, C. Specificity
D. Reliability
Answer: C
Rationale: Specificity represents the proportion of truly healthy individuals who receive a
negative test result. A test with high specificity has a low false-positive rate, meaning it is
good at ‘ruling in’ a disease when positive. It is a fundamental measure of a diagnostic test’s
validity.
5. Which of the following describes ‘Incidence’?
A. The total number of existing cases in a population at a specific time.
B. The ratio of people with the disease to those without the disease.
C. The percentage of the population that dies from the disease.
D. The number of new cases of a disease that occur during a specified period.
Answer: D
Rationale: Incidence measures the flow of new cases into the population over a period of
time. It is useful for understanding the risk of developing a disease within a specific
timeframe. In contrast, prevalence measures the total burden of disease, including both old
and new cases.
