BIO 151 UPDATED COMPLETE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS PROFESSIONAL REVIEW
SHEET
●● What are isomers?
Answer: Molecules with the same molecular formula but different
structures.
●● What are hydrocarbons composed of?
Answer: Only carbon and hydrogen.
●● What determines an organic compound's properties?
Answer: The size and shape of its carbon backbone and the atoms
attached to that skeleton.
●● What is a hydroxyl group?
Answer: A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom bonded to an
oxygen atom.
●● What are alcohols?
Answer: Organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl group.
,●● What is a carbonyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an
oxygen atom, found in simple sugars.
●● What is a carboxyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an
oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group, forming carboxylic
acids.
●● What is an amino group?
Answer: A group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen
atoms, found in amino acids.
●● What is a phosphate group?
Answer: A group containing a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen
atoms, involved in energy transfers.
●● What is a methyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen
atoms, which can affect gene expression.
●● What are macromolecules?
Answer: Very large molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
and nucleic acids.
, ●● What are polymers?
Answer: Large molecules made from identical or similar building blocks
called monomers.
●● How are monomers linked to form polymers?
Answer: Through dehydration reactions.
●● How are polymers broken apart?
Answer: By hydrolysis reactions.
●● What are monosaccharides?
Answer: The simplest carbohydrates, which are sugar monomers.
●● What is the molecular formula for glucose?
Answer: C₆H₁₂O₆.
●● What is a disaccharide?
Answer: A molecule formed when two monosaccharides bond together
in a dehydration reaction.
●● What are polysaccharides?
AND ANSWERS PROFESSIONAL REVIEW
SHEET
●● What are isomers?
Answer: Molecules with the same molecular formula but different
structures.
●● What are hydrocarbons composed of?
Answer: Only carbon and hydrogen.
●● What determines an organic compound's properties?
Answer: The size and shape of its carbon backbone and the atoms
attached to that skeleton.
●● What is a hydroxyl group?
Answer: A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom bonded to an
oxygen atom.
●● What are alcohols?
Answer: Organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl group.
,●● What is a carbonyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an
oxygen atom, found in simple sugars.
●● What is a carboxyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an
oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group, forming carboxylic
acids.
●● What is an amino group?
Answer: A group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen
atoms, found in amino acids.
●● What is a phosphate group?
Answer: A group containing a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen
atoms, involved in energy transfers.
●● What is a methyl group?
Answer: A group consisting of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen
atoms, which can affect gene expression.
●● What are macromolecules?
Answer: Very large molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins,
and nucleic acids.
, ●● What are polymers?
Answer: Large molecules made from identical or similar building blocks
called monomers.
●● How are monomers linked to form polymers?
Answer: Through dehydration reactions.
●● How are polymers broken apart?
Answer: By hydrolysis reactions.
●● What are monosaccharides?
Answer: The simplest carbohydrates, which are sugar monomers.
●● What is the molecular formula for glucose?
Answer: C₆H₁₂O₆.
●● What is a disaccharide?
Answer: A molecule formed when two monosaccharides bond together
in a dehydration reaction.
●● What are polysaccharides?
