BESC FINAL PAPER TESTED QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS STUDY
MATERIAL
●● Lignin
Answer: the binding agent which holds plant cell walls together,
primarily in wood (produced by the enzyme ligninase)
●● Pectin
Answer: binding agent between plant cell walls, primarily in fruit
(produced by pectinase)
●● Cutin
Answer: the waxy material which covers the epidermal cells of plants
(produced by cutinase)
●● White Rot
Answer: a type of wood rot that is caused by fungi that degrades lignin
-wood degrades to dust
●● Brown Rot
Answer: a type of wood rot that is caused by fungi that degrades
cellulose
,-also known as dry rot
-wood becomes dried and cracked
●● Nutritional Succession
Answer: the ability of some species to utilize certain compounds for
metabolism, occupying that nutritional niche
●● r-Selected Species
Answer: -grow rapidly
-short phase of growth
-utilizes simple nutrients
-produce many offspring with low rates of reproductive success/survival
●● K-Selected Species
Answer: -grow slowly
-long life span
-produce few offspring with high rates of reproductive success/survival
●● Decomposition Sequence of Fungi
Answer: 1. resident microbes on tissue
2. pioneer saprotrophic fungi
3. polymer degrading fungi
, 4. degraders of more recalcitrant resources
●● Dispersal
Answer: wind, water, vector, self-propelled
●● Wind Dispersal
Answer: spore dispersal by wind, on exposed hyphae, on/in fruit bodies
-ex. shaggy mane, puffballs, earthstars, basidiomycetes
●● Buller's Drop
Answer: way of spore dispersal by basidiomycetes
-water coats the spore
-water droplet forms at base of spore and conidium
-water droplet grows until it contacts the spore
-water droplet redistributes the center of gravity and catapults spore into
wind
●● Water Dispersal
Answer: spore dispersal by water, oozes out usually
-ex. Cytospora sp., Plyllosticta ampelicida
●● Vector Dispersal
WITH DETAILED SOLUTIONS STUDY
MATERIAL
●● Lignin
Answer: the binding agent which holds plant cell walls together,
primarily in wood (produced by the enzyme ligninase)
●● Pectin
Answer: binding agent between plant cell walls, primarily in fruit
(produced by pectinase)
●● Cutin
Answer: the waxy material which covers the epidermal cells of plants
(produced by cutinase)
●● White Rot
Answer: a type of wood rot that is caused by fungi that degrades lignin
-wood degrades to dust
●● Brown Rot
Answer: a type of wood rot that is caused by fungi that degrades
cellulose
,-also known as dry rot
-wood becomes dried and cracked
●● Nutritional Succession
Answer: the ability of some species to utilize certain compounds for
metabolism, occupying that nutritional niche
●● r-Selected Species
Answer: -grow rapidly
-short phase of growth
-utilizes simple nutrients
-produce many offspring with low rates of reproductive success/survival
●● K-Selected Species
Answer: -grow slowly
-long life span
-produce few offspring with high rates of reproductive success/survival
●● Decomposition Sequence of Fungi
Answer: 1. resident microbes on tissue
2. pioneer saprotrophic fungi
3. polymer degrading fungi
, 4. degraders of more recalcitrant resources
●● Dispersal
Answer: wind, water, vector, self-propelled
●● Wind Dispersal
Answer: spore dispersal by wind, on exposed hyphae, on/in fruit bodies
-ex. shaggy mane, puffballs, earthstars, basidiomycetes
●● Buller's Drop
Answer: way of spore dispersal by basidiomycetes
-water coats the spore
-water droplet forms at base of spore and conidium
-water droplet grows until it contacts the spore
-water droplet redistributes the center of gravity and catapults spore into
wind
●● Water Dispersal
Answer: spore dispersal by water, oozes out usually
-ex. Cytospora sp., Plyllosticta ampelicida
●● Vector Dispersal
