What does the abbreviation JCAHPO stand for? - ANSWER Joint Commission on Allied
Health Personnel in Ophthalmology
What responsibility routinely falls to the OMA? - ANSWER Performing certain diagnostic
tests
Which eye care professional is a medical doctor? - ANSWER Ophthalmologist
Which eye care professional routinely fills prescriptions for eyeglasses? - ANSWER Opti-
cian
What does an orthoptist do? - ANSWER Evaluates double vision
What do you call an ophthalmologist who concentrates on one area of the eye? - AN-
SWER A subspecialist
Which eye care professional can fit a patient with a prosthetic eye? - ANSWER Ocularist
What is the level directly above certified ophthalmic medical assistant on JCAPO's certifica-
tion ladder? - ANSWER Certified ophthalmic technician
What is the primary function of the medial rectus muscle? - ANSWER Rotates the eye in-
ward toward the nose
1
,Which part of the eye provides two-thirds of the focusing power of the eye? - ANSWER
Cornea
Aqueous fluid leaves the eye in what sequence? - ANSWER Anterior chamber angle,
through trabecular meshwork, to canal of Schlemm
What is the membrane that lines the inner eyelid? - ANSWER Palpebral conjunctiva
Which of the following is part of the ocular adnexa? - ANSWER Eyelid
What is the term for the clear, transparent fluid that fills the anterior chamber? - AN-
SWER Aqueous humor
Which structures are part of the uveal tract? - ANSWER Iris, ciliary body, choroid
What is the process where the lens changes shape to allow an individual to focus on a near
target? - ANSWER Accommodation
What kind of vision loss is associated with injury or degeneration of the macula? - AN-
SWER Detailed central vision
What is the term for the white tissue surrounding the cornea and forming the main struc-
tural component of the globe? - ANSWER Sclera
What is the primary function of the iris sphincter and dilator muscles? - ANSWER Change
the pupil size in order to control the amount of light entering the eye
What is amblyopia? - ANSWER Poor vision in an eye secondary to visual deprivation in
the first decade of life
2
,What is diplopia? - ANSWER Double vision
What does the suffix -itis mean? - ANSWER Inflammation
What is the condition called where the orbital contents swell, pushing the eyeball forward? -
ANSWER Exophthalmos (proptosis)
What part of the eye undergoes surgery for congenital strabismus? - ANSWER Eye mus-
cles
Primary open-angle glaucoma results in damage to what part of the eye? - ANSWER Op-
tic nerve
What is the term for the inward deviation of an eye that occurs only when the eye is cov-
ered? - ANSWER Esophoria
What is a tissue or organ called when it is deprived of its normal blood supply? - ANSWER
Ischemic
What is the term for an abnormal physical change that a physician observes while examining
a patient? - ANSWER A sign
What is a cataract? - ANSWER An opacification of the crystalline lens
What is a chalazion? - ANSWER A lump that develops after inflammation and infection of
the meibomian glands
Diabetes mellitus is what type of disease process? - ANSWER Metabolic
3
, What condition has symptoms that include flashes of light in the corner of the eye, followed
by a sensation of a curtain moving across the vision? - ANSWER Retinal detachment
What is another name for dry eye? - ANSWER Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Which of the following applies to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? - AN-
SWER Infection of the retina can be caused by the cytomegalovirus (CMV), opportunistic
infections of the retina are more likely when the CD4 count is less than 50, and antiretroviral
drugs can help a person with HIV live symptom-free
The retina examination is often important in detecting which disease? - ANSWER Hyper-
tension
What type of herpes simplex virus usually produces genital infections? - ANSWER Type 2
Dry eyes are common in which disease? - ANSWER Rheumatoid arthritis
What is cancer that spreads to other parts of the body called? - ANSWER Metastatic
The eyes are considered part of which body system? - ANSWER Nervous
Which of the following diseases is a chronic autoimmune condition that interferes with
proper nerve transmission in the skeletal muscles? - ANSWER Myasthenia gravis
Which of the following is a waste product of metabolism? - ANSWER Carbon dioxide
What is a common eye disorder associated with multiple sclerosis? - ANSWER Optic neu-
ritis
4
Health Personnel in Ophthalmology
What responsibility routinely falls to the OMA? - ANSWER Performing certain diagnostic
tests
Which eye care professional is a medical doctor? - ANSWER Ophthalmologist
Which eye care professional routinely fills prescriptions for eyeglasses? - ANSWER Opti-
cian
What does an orthoptist do? - ANSWER Evaluates double vision
What do you call an ophthalmologist who concentrates on one area of the eye? - AN-
SWER A subspecialist
Which eye care professional can fit a patient with a prosthetic eye? - ANSWER Ocularist
What is the level directly above certified ophthalmic medical assistant on JCAPO's certifica-
tion ladder? - ANSWER Certified ophthalmic technician
What is the primary function of the medial rectus muscle? - ANSWER Rotates the eye in-
ward toward the nose
1
,Which part of the eye provides two-thirds of the focusing power of the eye? - ANSWER
Cornea
Aqueous fluid leaves the eye in what sequence? - ANSWER Anterior chamber angle,
through trabecular meshwork, to canal of Schlemm
What is the membrane that lines the inner eyelid? - ANSWER Palpebral conjunctiva
Which of the following is part of the ocular adnexa? - ANSWER Eyelid
What is the term for the clear, transparent fluid that fills the anterior chamber? - AN-
SWER Aqueous humor
Which structures are part of the uveal tract? - ANSWER Iris, ciliary body, choroid
What is the process where the lens changes shape to allow an individual to focus on a near
target? - ANSWER Accommodation
What kind of vision loss is associated with injury or degeneration of the macula? - AN-
SWER Detailed central vision
What is the term for the white tissue surrounding the cornea and forming the main struc-
tural component of the globe? - ANSWER Sclera
What is the primary function of the iris sphincter and dilator muscles? - ANSWER Change
the pupil size in order to control the amount of light entering the eye
What is amblyopia? - ANSWER Poor vision in an eye secondary to visual deprivation in
the first decade of life
2
,What is diplopia? - ANSWER Double vision
What does the suffix -itis mean? - ANSWER Inflammation
What is the condition called where the orbital contents swell, pushing the eyeball forward? -
ANSWER Exophthalmos (proptosis)
What part of the eye undergoes surgery for congenital strabismus? - ANSWER Eye mus-
cles
Primary open-angle glaucoma results in damage to what part of the eye? - ANSWER Op-
tic nerve
What is the term for the inward deviation of an eye that occurs only when the eye is cov-
ered? - ANSWER Esophoria
What is a tissue or organ called when it is deprived of its normal blood supply? - ANSWER
Ischemic
What is the term for an abnormal physical change that a physician observes while examining
a patient? - ANSWER A sign
What is a cataract? - ANSWER An opacification of the crystalline lens
What is a chalazion? - ANSWER A lump that develops after inflammation and infection of
the meibomian glands
Diabetes mellitus is what type of disease process? - ANSWER Metabolic
3
, What condition has symptoms that include flashes of light in the corner of the eye, followed
by a sensation of a curtain moving across the vision? - ANSWER Retinal detachment
What is another name for dry eye? - ANSWER Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Which of the following applies to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? - AN-
SWER Infection of the retina can be caused by the cytomegalovirus (CMV), opportunistic
infections of the retina are more likely when the CD4 count is less than 50, and antiretroviral
drugs can help a person with HIV live symptom-free
The retina examination is often important in detecting which disease? - ANSWER Hyper-
tension
What type of herpes simplex virus usually produces genital infections? - ANSWER Type 2
Dry eyes are common in which disease? - ANSWER Rheumatoid arthritis
What is cancer that spreads to other parts of the body called? - ANSWER Metastatic
The eyes are considered part of which body system? - ANSWER Nervous
Which of the following diseases is a chronic autoimmune condition that interferes with
proper nerve transmission in the skeletal muscles? - ANSWER Myasthenia gravis
Which of the following is a waste product of metabolism? - ANSWER Carbon dioxide
What is a common eye disorder associated with multiple sclerosis? - ANSWER Optic neu-
ritis
4
