CHEM 120 WEEK 8 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 | 100% Correct
Solutions | Graded A | Complete Q&A | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
SECTION 1: Matter, Measurement & Unit Conversions (Q1-Q10)
Q1: A nurse measures a patient's temperature as 98.6°F. How many significant figures
are in this measurement?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4 [CORRECT]
D. 5
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The measurement 98.6 contains four significant figures: all non-zero digits
are significant, and the zero between non-zero digits is also significant. The decimal
point confirms the trailing digit is measured. Options A and B underestimate the count,
while D incorrectly counts an extra digit.
Q2: A physician orders 0.250 g of acetaminophen for a patient. How many milligrams is
this dose?
A. 2.50 mg
B. 25.0 mg
C. 250 mg [CORRECT]
D. 2500 mg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert grams to milligrams, multiply by 1000 (1 g = 1000 mg). Therefore,
0.250 g × 1000 = 250 mg. Option A incorrectly divides by 100, B shifts the decimal one
place, and D multiplies by 10,000.
Q3: Express the number 0.00000456 in proper scientific notation.
A. 456 × 10⁻⁸
,B. 4.56 × 10⁻⁶ [CORRECT]
C. 45.6 × 10⁻⁵
D. 0.456 × 10⁻⁵
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scientific notation requires one non-zero digit before the decimal point.
Moving the decimal six places to the right gives 4.56 × 10⁻⁶. Option A has the wrong
coefficient, C has an incorrect coefficient format, and D has a coefficient less than 1.
Q4: A bone sample has a mass of 25.4 g and occupies a volume of 12.7 mL. What is the
density of the bone sample?
A. 0.500 g/mL
B. 1.00 g/mL
C. 2.00 g/mL [CORRECT]
D. 3.23 g/mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Density = mass/volume = 25.4 g / 12.7 mL = 2.00 g/mL. Option A inverts the
calculation (volume/mass), B is a rounded error from incorrect division, and D adds the
values instead of dividing.
Q5: Convert 37.0°C (normal body temperature) to Fahrenheit.
A. 96.8°F
B. 98.6°F [CORRECT]
C. 100.4°F
D. 104.0°F
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using °F = (9/5 × °C) + 32: (9/5 × 37.0) + 32 = 66.6 + 32 = 98.6°F. Option A
uses the wrong formula (subtracting 32), C uses a multiplication error, and D incorrectly
doubles the Celsius value before conversion.
Q6: The specific gravity of urine is measured as 1.025. If the density of water is 1.00
g/mL, what is the density of this urine sample?
A. 0.975 g/mL
B. 1.000 g/mL
C. 1.025 g/mL [CORRECT]
D. 1.250 g/mL
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Specific gravity = density of substance / density of water. Therefore, density =
specific gravity × density of water = 1.025 × 1.00 g/mL = 1.025 g/mL. Option A subtracts
instead of multiplies, B ignores the specific gravity, and D misplaces the decimal.
Q7: A medication is supplied as 500 mg tablets. How many tablets should a patient take
to receive a 2.0 g dose?
A. 2 tablets
B. 4 tablets [CORRECT]
C. 8 tablets
D. 10 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: First convert 2.0 g to mg: 2.0 g × 1000 = 2000 mg. Then divide by tablet
strength: 2000 mg / 500 mg = 4 tablets. Option A halves the dose, C doubles the dose,
and D uses incorrect unit conversion.
Q8: When adding 12.34 mL + 1.2 mL + 0.567 mL, how should the answer be reported
with proper significant figures?
A. 14.107 mL
B. 14.11 mL
C. 14.1 mL [CORRECT]
D. 14 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For addition, the answer is limited by the least number of decimal places. The
value 1.2 has only one decimal place, so the sum 14.107 rounds to 14.1 mL. Option A
shows unrounded digits, B ignores the decimal place rule, and D rounds too
aggressively.
Q9: How many liters are in 375 mL of intravenous saline solution?
A. 0.00375 L
B. 0.0375 L
C. 0.375 L [CORRECT]
D. 3.75 L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert milliliters to liters, divide by 1000: 375 mL / 1000 = 0.375 L. Option
A divides by 100,000, B divides by 10,000, and D multiplies by 10 instead of dividing.
, Q10: Which of the following is a physical property of matter?
A. Flammability
B. Reactivity with acid
C. Melting point [CORRECT]
D. Toxicity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Melting point is a physical property because it describes a change in state
without altering chemical composition. Options A, B, and D are chemical properties
because they involve chemical reactions or interactions that change the substance's
identity.
SECTION 2: Atomic Structure & Periodic Table (Q11-Q20)
Q11: How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the ion ⁴⁰Ca²⁺?
A. 20 protons, 20 neutrons, 18 electrons [CORRECT]
B. 20 protons, 20 neutrons, 22 electrons
C. 40 protons, 20 neutrons, 38 electrons
D. 20 protons, 40 neutrons, 18 electrons
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium has atomic number 20 (20 protons). Neutrons = 40 − 20 = 20. The 2+
charge means it lost 2 electrons: 20 − 2 = 18 electrons. Option B adds electrons instead
of subtracting, C uses mass number as protons, and D confuses mass number with
neutron count.
Q12: What is the ground-state electron configuration for phosphorus (P, Z = 15)?
A. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
B. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ [CORRECT]
C. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
D. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phosphorus has 15 electrons, filling up to 3p³ following the Aufbau principle.
Option A has only 14 electrons, C has 16 electrons, and D incorrectly places an electron
in the 4s orbital before completing 3p.
Solutions | Graded A | Complete Q&A | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
SECTION 1: Matter, Measurement & Unit Conversions (Q1-Q10)
Q1: A nurse measures a patient's temperature as 98.6°F. How many significant figures
are in this measurement?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4 [CORRECT]
D. 5
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The measurement 98.6 contains four significant figures: all non-zero digits
are significant, and the zero between non-zero digits is also significant. The decimal
point confirms the trailing digit is measured. Options A and B underestimate the count,
while D incorrectly counts an extra digit.
Q2: A physician orders 0.250 g of acetaminophen for a patient. How many milligrams is
this dose?
A. 2.50 mg
B. 25.0 mg
C. 250 mg [CORRECT]
D. 2500 mg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert grams to milligrams, multiply by 1000 (1 g = 1000 mg). Therefore,
0.250 g × 1000 = 250 mg. Option A incorrectly divides by 100, B shifts the decimal one
place, and D multiplies by 10,000.
Q3: Express the number 0.00000456 in proper scientific notation.
A. 456 × 10⁻⁸
,B. 4.56 × 10⁻⁶ [CORRECT]
C. 45.6 × 10⁻⁵
D. 0.456 × 10⁻⁵
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scientific notation requires one non-zero digit before the decimal point.
Moving the decimal six places to the right gives 4.56 × 10⁻⁶. Option A has the wrong
coefficient, C has an incorrect coefficient format, and D has a coefficient less than 1.
Q4: A bone sample has a mass of 25.4 g and occupies a volume of 12.7 mL. What is the
density of the bone sample?
A. 0.500 g/mL
B. 1.00 g/mL
C. 2.00 g/mL [CORRECT]
D. 3.23 g/mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Density = mass/volume = 25.4 g / 12.7 mL = 2.00 g/mL. Option A inverts the
calculation (volume/mass), B is a rounded error from incorrect division, and D adds the
values instead of dividing.
Q5: Convert 37.0°C (normal body temperature) to Fahrenheit.
A. 96.8°F
B. 98.6°F [CORRECT]
C. 100.4°F
D. 104.0°F
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using °F = (9/5 × °C) + 32: (9/5 × 37.0) + 32 = 66.6 + 32 = 98.6°F. Option A
uses the wrong formula (subtracting 32), C uses a multiplication error, and D incorrectly
doubles the Celsius value before conversion.
Q6: The specific gravity of urine is measured as 1.025. If the density of water is 1.00
g/mL, what is the density of this urine sample?
A. 0.975 g/mL
B. 1.000 g/mL
C. 1.025 g/mL [CORRECT]
D. 1.250 g/mL
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: Specific gravity = density of substance / density of water. Therefore, density =
specific gravity × density of water = 1.025 × 1.00 g/mL = 1.025 g/mL. Option A subtracts
instead of multiplies, B ignores the specific gravity, and D misplaces the decimal.
Q7: A medication is supplied as 500 mg tablets. How many tablets should a patient take
to receive a 2.0 g dose?
A. 2 tablets
B. 4 tablets [CORRECT]
C. 8 tablets
D. 10 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: First convert 2.0 g to mg: 2.0 g × 1000 = 2000 mg. Then divide by tablet
strength: 2000 mg / 500 mg = 4 tablets. Option A halves the dose, C doubles the dose,
and D uses incorrect unit conversion.
Q8: When adding 12.34 mL + 1.2 mL + 0.567 mL, how should the answer be reported
with proper significant figures?
A. 14.107 mL
B. 14.11 mL
C. 14.1 mL [CORRECT]
D. 14 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For addition, the answer is limited by the least number of decimal places. The
value 1.2 has only one decimal place, so the sum 14.107 rounds to 14.1 mL. Option A
shows unrounded digits, B ignores the decimal place rule, and D rounds too
aggressively.
Q9: How many liters are in 375 mL of intravenous saline solution?
A. 0.00375 L
B. 0.0375 L
C. 0.375 L [CORRECT]
D. 3.75 L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert milliliters to liters, divide by 1000: 375 mL / 1000 = 0.375 L. Option
A divides by 100,000, B divides by 10,000, and D multiplies by 10 instead of dividing.
, Q10: Which of the following is a physical property of matter?
A. Flammability
B. Reactivity with acid
C. Melting point [CORRECT]
D. Toxicity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Melting point is a physical property because it describes a change in state
without altering chemical composition. Options A, B, and D are chemical properties
because they involve chemical reactions or interactions that change the substance's
identity.
SECTION 2: Atomic Structure & Periodic Table (Q11-Q20)
Q11: How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in the ion ⁴⁰Ca²⁺?
A. 20 protons, 20 neutrons, 18 electrons [CORRECT]
B. 20 protons, 20 neutrons, 22 electrons
C. 40 protons, 20 neutrons, 38 electrons
D. 20 protons, 40 neutrons, 18 electrons
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium has atomic number 20 (20 protons). Neutrons = 40 − 20 = 20. The 2+
charge means it lost 2 electrons: 20 − 2 = 18 electrons. Option B adds electrons instead
of subtracting, C uses mass number as protons, and D confuses mass number with
neutron count.
Q12: What is the ground-state electron configuration for phosphorus (P, Z = 15)?
A. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
B. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ [CORRECT]
C. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
D. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phosphorus has 15 electrons, filling up to 3p³ following the Aufbau principle.
Option A has only 14 electrons, C has 16 electrons, and D incorrectly places an electron
in the 4s orbital before completing 3p.
