Peds Final Exam Q&A Bank 2026 | Exam Success Guide |
Graded A+
1. The nurse is teaching the mother of an infant diagnosed with aplastic anemia
about the pathophysiology of the disease. The nurse knows that the mother
understands when the mother identifies which statement as the cause of
aplastic anemia?
"My child has an abnormal production of white blood cells."
"My child's stem cells are not able to grow and divide."
"My child has an overproduction of the red cell causing the blood to
thicken."
"My child's red blood cells do not have enough hemoglobin to carry
oxygen."
2. Describe the significance of the induction phase in a chemotherapy regimen
for pediatric patients.
The induction phase is crucial as it aims to eliminate cancer cells
using multiple drugs at high doses.
The induction phase focuses solely on patient comfort and pain
management.
The induction phase is less important than the maintenance phase.
The induction phase is primarily for monitoring side effects of
treatment.
3. Why is it important for parents to understand the limitations of the flu
vaccine?
All vaccines are the same in terms of immunity duration.
The flu vaccine is the only vaccine that requires multiple doses.
, Parents should not worry about vaccine effectiveness.
The flu vaccine does not provide lifelong immunity and needs to be
administered annually.
4. Why is it important for parents to understand the stomach capacity of a
newborn when feeding?
It is not important as all newborns can eat the same amount.
Understanding the stomach capacity helps prevent overfeeding and
ensures proper nutrition.
It allows parents to schedule feedings based on their convenience.
It helps parents know how to prepare formula correctly.
5. A pediatric nurse is assessing a child suspected of having gastroesophageal
reflux. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prioritize based on current
best practices?
rectal biopsy
sweat test
x-rays of the stomach
pH studies of the esophagus
6. Which of the following is the most sensitive test in evaluating reflux?
Esophageal pH
Upper endoscopy
Esophagoscopy
Abdominal ultrasound
Barium enema
,7. If a parent reports noticing redness and irritation around the stoma site, what
should be the nurse's first response?
Instruct the parent to apply a topical ointment immediately.
Assess the stoma and surrounding skin for signs of infection or
complications.
Advise the parent to change the colostomy bag more frequently.
Suggest using a stronger adhesive for the colostomy bag.
8. Describe the significance of recognizing a slapped cheek rash in pediatric
patients.
The rash is indicative of a bacterial infection that requires antibiotics.
The slapped cheek rash is a sign of an allergic reaction that needs
immediate treatment.
A slapped cheek rash is harmless and does not require any medical
attention.
Recognizing a slapped cheek rash is important as it indicates Fifth
disease, which is a viral infection that can affect children and may
require monitoring for complications.
9. A child was sent to the clinic because of a rash. A nurse notes the rash is
present on the trunk, extremities, and face, and the child's cheeks are bright
red. What condition is this rash consistent with?
Varicella
Measles
Fifth disease
Roseola
, 10. The nurse will teach the caregivers about the need for small, frequent
feedings by explaining to them that newborns and infants have:
a slower metabolic rate than adults
a 10- to 20-milliliter stomach capacity at birth
decreased emptying rate
slower peristalsis
11. The nurse is caring for an infant with candidal diaper rash. Which topical
agent would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order?
Antifungals
Corticosteroids
Retinoids
Antibiotics
12. Which menu selection indicates a proper dietary choice for a child
according to pediatric nutrition guidelines?
Fish sandwich on a rye bun, French fries, and a dish of ice cream.
Pizza made on a gluten-free crust with sausage, cheese, and
mushrooms.
Baked chicken; rice casserole made with milk, butter, and cheese;
and green beans.
Scrambled eggs with mixed fresh fruit and milk.
13. A 16-month-old child presents with foul-smelling stools, flatulence, and
weight loss. What initial nursing intervention should be prioritized to address
the potential diagnosis of celiac disease?
Graded A+
1. The nurse is teaching the mother of an infant diagnosed with aplastic anemia
about the pathophysiology of the disease. The nurse knows that the mother
understands when the mother identifies which statement as the cause of
aplastic anemia?
"My child has an abnormal production of white blood cells."
"My child's stem cells are not able to grow and divide."
"My child has an overproduction of the red cell causing the blood to
thicken."
"My child's red blood cells do not have enough hemoglobin to carry
oxygen."
2. Describe the significance of the induction phase in a chemotherapy regimen
for pediatric patients.
The induction phase is crucial as it aims to eliminate cancer cells
using multiple drugs at high doses.
The induction phase focuses solely on patient comfort and pain
management.
The induction phase is less important than the maintenance phase.
The induction phase is primarily for monitoring side effects of
treatment.
3. Why is it important for parents to understand the limitations of the flu
vaccine?
All vaccines are the same in terms of immunity duration.
The flu vaccine is the only vaccine that requires multiple doses.
, Parents should not worry about vaccine effectiveness.
The flu vaccine does not provide lifelong immunity and needs to be
administered annually.
4. Why is it important for parents to understand the stomach capacity of a
newborn when feeding?
It is not important as all newborns can eat the same amount.
Understanding the stomach capacity helps prevent overfeeding and
ensures proper nutrition.
It allows parents to schedule feedings based on their convenience.
It helps parents know how to prepare formula correctly.
5. A pediatric nurse is assessing a child suspected of having gastroesophageal
reflux. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prioritize based on current
best practices?
rectal biopsy
sweat test
x-rays of the stomach
pH studies of the esophagus
6. Which of the following is the most sensitive test in evaluating reflux?
Esophageal pH
Upper endoscopy
Esophagoscopy
Abdominal ultrasound
Barium enema
,7. If a parent reports noticing redness and irritation around the stoma site, what
should be the nurse's first response?
Instruct the parent to apply a topical ointment immediately.
Assess the stoma and surrounding skin for signs of infection or
complications.
Advise the parent to change the colostomy bag more frequently.
Suggest using a stronger adhesive for the colostomy bag.
8. Describe the significance of recognizing a slapped cheek rash in pediatric
patients.
The rash is indicative of a bacterial infection that requires antibiotics.
The slapped cheek rash is a sign of an allergic reaction that needs
immediate treatment.
A slapped cheek rash is harmless and does not require any medical
attention.
Recognizing a slapped cheek rash is important as it indicates Fifth
disease, which is a viral infection that can affect children and may
require monitoring for complications.
9. A child was sent to the clinic because of a rash. A nurse notes the rash is
present on the trunk, extremities, and face, and the child's cheeks are bright
red. What condition is this rash consistent with?
Varicella
Measles
Fifth disease
Roseola
, 10. The nurse will teach the caregivers about the need for small, frequent
feedings by explaining to them that newborns and infants have:
a slower metabolic rate than adults
a 10- to 20-milliliter stomach capacity at birth
decreased emptying rate
slower peristalsis
11. The nurse is caring for an infant with candidal diaper rash. Which topical
agent would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order?
Antifungals
Corticosteroids
Retinoids
Antibiotics
12. Which menu selection indicates a proper dietary choice for a child
according to pediatric nutrition guidelines?
Fish sandwich on a rye bun, French fries, and a dish of ice cream.
Pizza made on a gluten-free crust with sausage, cheese, and
mushrooms.
Baked chicken; rice casserole made with milk, butter, and cheese;
and green beans.
Scrambled eggs with mixed fresh fruit and milk.
13. A 16-month-old child presents with foul-smelling stools, flatulence, and
weight loss. What initial nursing intervention should be prioritized to address
the potential diagnosis of celiac disease?
