Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing
Care
12th Edition
• Author(s)Jacqueline Rosenjack
Burchum; Laura D. Rosenthal
,TEST BANK
Question 2 (SATA)
Clinical Scenario
A nurse is admitting a 74-year-old patient who has chronic
kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and
osteoarthritis. The patient takes several prescription
medications, an over-the-counter pain reliever, and an herbal
supplement. Before administering newly prescribed
medications, the nurse reviews factors that may influence the
patient's response to drug therapy.
Question Stem
Which patient factors can significantly influence the intensity
of a drug response?
Select all that apply.
Answer Options
A. Age
B. Kidney function
C. Concurrent medications
D. Genetic variation affecting drug metabolism
,E. Eye color
F. Liver function
G. Body weight and composition
Correct Answers
A. Age
B. Kidney function
C. Concurrent medications
D. Genetic variation affecting drug metabolism
F. Liver function
G. Body weight and composition
Detailed Rationale
The intensity of a drug response is influenced by multiple
patient-specific factors that affect pharmacokinetics
(absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and
pharmacodynamics (drug effects at receptor sites).
• Age influences organ function, body composition, and drug
metabolism, increasing the risk of adverse effects in
pediatric and older adult populations.
, • Kidney function affects drug excretion. Impaired renal
function can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity.
• Concurrent medications may produce drug-drug
interactions that enhance or reduce therapeutic effects or
increase toxicity.
• Genetic variation (pharmacogenomics) can alter drug
metabolism, receptor sensitivity, or transport proteins,
leading to differences in efficacy and adverse reactions.
• Liver function affects the metabolism of many
medications. Hepatic impairment may require dosage
adjustments.
• Body weight and composition influence drug distribution
and dosing, particularly for medications with narrow
therapeutic ranges.
Safe medication administration requires comprehensive
assessment of these factors before initiating therapy.
Incorrect Option Analysis
Option E – Eye Color
Why Incorrect
Eye color has no clinically significant effect on the
pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of most medications.
Care
12th Edition
• Author(s)Jacqueline Rosenjack
Burchum; Laura D. Rosenthal
,TEST BANK
Question 2 (SATA)
Clinical Scenario
A nurse is admitting a 74-year-old patient who has chronic
kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and
osteoarthritis. The patient takes several prescription
medications, an over-the-counter pain reliever, and an herbal
supplement. Before administering newly prescribed
medications, the nurse reviews factors that may influence the
patient's response to drug therapy.
Question Stem
Which patient factors can significantly influence the intensity
of a drug response?
Select all that apply.
Answer Options
A. Age
B. Kidney function
C. Concurrent medications
D. Genetic variation affecting drug metabolism
,E. Eye color
F. Liver function
G. Body weight and composition
Correct Answers
A. Age
B. Kidney function
C. Concurrent medications
D. Genetic variation affecting drug metabolism
F. Liver function
G. Body weight and composition
Detailed Rationale
The intensity of a drug response is influenced by multiple
patient-specific factors that affect pharmacokinetics
(absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and
pharmacodynamics (drug effects at receptor sites).
• Age influences organ function, body composition, and drug
metabolism, increasing the risk of adverse effects in
pediatric and older adult populations.
, • Kidney function affects drug excretion. Impaired renal
function can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity.
• Concurrent medications may produce drug-drug
interactions that enhance or reduce therapeutic effects or
increase toxicity.
• Genetic variation (pharmacogenomics) can alter drug
metabolism, receptor sensitivity, or transport proteins,
leading to differences in efficacy and adverse reactions.
• Liver function affects the metabolism of many
medications. Hepatic impairment may require dosage
adjustments.
• Body weight and composition influence drug distribution
and dosing, particularly for medications with narrow
therapeutic ranges.
Safe medication administration requires comprehensive
assessment of these factors before initiating therapy.
Incorrect Option Analysis
Option E – Eye Color
Why Incorrect
Eye color has no clinically significant effect on the
pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of most medications.
