, NSG 300 Exam 1 – Foundations of Nursing
(2026/2027) | Grand Canyon University | Complete
Study Guide & Practice Questions with Verified
Answers | Comprehensive Nursing Fundamentals
Review | Latest Exam Prep | A+ Graded
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood
transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects
the patient's decision and continues to provide
alternative care. Which ethical principle is the nurse
demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: B. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy respects the patient's right to make
their own healthcare decisions, even if the nurse
disagrees. Beneficence (A) means doing good.
Nonmaleficence (C) means avoiding harm. Justice (D)
means fairness.
,Q2. Florence Nightingale's most significant contribution
to nursing was:
A. Establishing the first nursing school in the United
States
B. Developing the first nursing code of ethics
C. Improving sanitation and reducing mortality during the
Crimean War
D. Founding the American Red Cross
Correct Answer: C. Improving sanitation and reducing
mortality during the Crimean War
Rationale: Nightingale is famous for her sanitation
reforms in Scutari during the Crimean War, which
drastically reduced infection and death rates. She
established her school in London (not the US). Clara
Barton (D) founded the Red Cross.
Q3. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines
nursing as:
A. The diagnosis and treatment of medical diseases
, B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health,
prevention of illness, and advocacy in care
C. The execution of physician orders in a hospital setting
D. The administration of medications and treatments
Correct Answer: B. The protection, promotion, and
optimization of health, prevention of illness, and
advocacy in care
Rationale: This is the ANA's exact definition of nursing.
Options A, C, and D are incomplete and do not capture
the full scope of professional nursing.
Q4. A patient is scheduled for surgery. The nurse ensures
the patient understands the risks, benefits, and
alternatives before signing the consent form. This action
supports which legal requirement?
A. Standard of care
B. Informed consent
C. Negligence
D. Battery
(2026/2027) | Grand Canyon University | Complete
Study Guide & Practice Questions with Verified
Answers | Comprehensive Nursing Fundamentals
Review | Latest Exam Prep | A+ Graded
Q1. A nurse is caring for a patient who refuses a blood
transfusion due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects
the patient's decision and continues to provide
alternative care. Which ethical principle is the nurse
demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Justice
Correct Answer: B. Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy respects the patient's right to make
their own healthcare decisions, even if the nurse
disagrees. Beneficence (A) means doing good.
Nonmaleficence (C) means avoiding harm. Justice (D)
means fairness.
,Q2. Florence Nightingale's most significant contribution
to nursing was:
A. Establishing the first nursing school in the United
States
B. Developing the first nursing code of ethics
C. Improving sanitation and reducing mortality during the
Crimean War
D. Founding the American Red Cross
Correct Answer: C. Improving sanitation and reducing
mortality during the Crimean War
Rationale: Nightingale is famous for her sanitation
reforms in Scutari during the Crimean War, which
drastically reduced infection and death rates. She
established her school in London (not the US). Clara
Barton (D) founded the Red Cross.
Q3. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines
nursing as:
A. The diagnosis and treatment of medical diseases
, B. The protection, promotion, and optimization of health,
prevention of illness, and advocacy in care
C. The execution of physician orders in a hospital setting
D. The administration of medications and treatments
Correct Answer: B. The protection, promotion, and
optimization of health, prevention of illness, and
advocacy in care
Rationale: This is the ANA's exact definition of nursing.
Options A, C, and D are incomplete and do not capture
the full scope of professional nursing.
Q4. A patient is scheduled for surgery. The nurse ensures
the patient understands the risks, benefits, and
alternatives before signing the consent form. This action
supports which legal requirement?
A. Standard of care
B. Informed consent
C. Negligence
D. Battery
