NSG 170: Test 3 (Metabolism) || with Complete Solution.
Insulin correct answers Hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to decrease blood sugar.
Glucagon correct answers A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises
blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
Cortisol correct answers stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar
Euglycemia (normal) correct answers 70-140 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia defined as correct answers state of insufficient glucose level
Hypoglycemia correct answers <70 mg/dL
<50 mg/dL (severe)
Causes of hypoglycemia correct answers -insufficient nutritional intake
-adverse reaction to medication
-Excessive exercise
Hypoglycemia S/S correct answers reduced cognition, tremors, diaphoresis, weakness, hunger,
headache, irritability, seizure, cool/clammy skin, blurred vision, tachycardia
Treatment of hypoglycemia correct answers - If patient blood sugar is <60, patient is alert and
oriented and asymptomatic, offer 15 g of protein by mouth.
- If patient is symptomatic, not completely alert, call provider. Order may include:
- Glucagon given IM
- Dextrose injection IV Push (very hard to push)
, - Oral medication may cause GI upset, which may go away with time
Proteins and carbohydrates correct answers given together for hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia correct answers Not fasting: >140 mg/dL
Fasting: >100 mg/dL
>180 mg/dL (severe)
Hyperglycemia defined as correct answers state of elevated blood glucose level
Causes of hyperglycemia correct answers -Insufficient insulin production/secretion
-Deficient hormone signaling
-Excessive counterregulatory hormone secretion
Hyperglycemia S/S correct answers Polyuria, Polydipsia, polyphagia, dehydration, fatigue, fruit
odor to breath, Kussmaul breathing, weight loss, hunger, poor wound healing, vomiting, nausea,
abdominal pain, warm moist skin
Polyuria correct answers increased urination
Polyphagia correct answers increased hunger
Polydipsia correct answers increased thirst
Short-term hyperglycemia consequences correct answers Inadequate glucose reaches cells for
energy, dehydration
Insulin correct answers Hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to decrease blood sugar.
Glucagon correct answers A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises
blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
Cortisol correct answers stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar
Euglycemia (normal) correct answers 70-140 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia defined as correct answers state of insufficient glucose level
Hypoglycemia correct answers <70 mg/dL
<50 mg/dL (severe)
Causes of hypoglycemia correct answers -insufficient nutritional intake
-adverse reaction to medication
-Excessive exercise
Hypoglycemia S/S correct answers reduced cognition, tremors, diaphoresis, weakness, hunger,
headache, irritability, seizure, cool/clammy skin, blurred vision, tachycardia
Treatment of hypoglycemia correct answers - If patient blood sugar is <60, patient is alert and
oriented and asymptomatic, offer 15 g of protein by mouth.
- If patient is symptomatic, not completely alert, call provider. Order may include:
- Glucagon given IM
- Dextrose injection IV Push (very hard to push)
, - Oral medication may cause GI upset, which may go away with time
Proteins and carbohydrates correct answers given together for hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia correct answers Not fasting: >140 mg/dL
Fasting: >100 mg/dL
>180 mg/dL (severe)
Hyperglycemia defined as correct answers state of elevated blood glucose level
Causes of hyperglycemia correct answers -Insufficient insulin production/secretion
-Deficient hormone signaling
-Excessive counterregulatory hormone secretion
Hyperglycemia S/S correct answers Polyuria, Polydipsia, polyphagia, dehydration, fatigue, fruit
odor to breath, Kussmaul breathing, weight loss, hunger, poor wound healing, vomiting, nausea,
abdominal pain, warm moist skin
Polyuria correct answers increased urination
Polyphagia correct answers increased hunger
Polydipsia correct answers increased thirst
Short-term hyperglycemia consequences correct answers Inadequate glucose reaches cells for
energy, dehydration
