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HONDROS NUR 150 - FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Original
Practice Questions | 2025/2026 Edition
COURSE OVERVIEW & KEY CONCEPTS
NUR 150 typically covers foundational nursing concepts including:
• Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment
• Patient Safety & Infection Control
• Vital Signs & Assessment
• Mobility & Immobility
• Hygiene & Comfort
• Nutrition & Elimination
• Medication Administration Basics
• Legal & Ethical Issues
• Communication & Documentation
• Wound Care & Skin Integrity
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS, SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL
Questions 1-100
1. The nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which intervention
should the nurse implement FIRST according to the nursing process?
A. Apply restraints to prevent the client from getting out of bed.
B. Assess the client's risk factors using a validated fall risk assessment tool.
C. Place the bed in the lowest position with wheels locked.
D. Educate the family about fall prevention strategies.
pg. 1
,2
Answer : B
Rationale: The nursing process begins with ASSESSMENT. Before implementing
interventions, the nurse must first assess the client's specific risk factors (e.g.,
history of falls, medications, mobility, mental status). Using a validated tool like
the Morse Fall Scale or Hendrich II provides objective data. Interventions (A, C, D)
are planned and implemented based on assessment findings. Restraints (A)
should only be used as a last resort after less restrictive alternatives have failed.
2. The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female
client. After gathering supplies and explaining the procedure, what is the NEXT
step?
A. Insert the catheter into the urinary meatus.
B. Inflate the catheter balloon.
C. Perform hand hygiene and apply sterile gloves.
D. Position the client in a dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed.
Answer : D
Rationale: After explaining the procedure and gathering supplies, the nurse must
position the client correctly before donning sterile gloves and beginning the
sterile procedure. The dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed and hips
externally rotated provides optimal visualization of the urinary meatus. Hand
hygiene and sterile gloving (C) occur after positioning. Insertion (A) and balloon
inflation (B) occur later in the procedure.
3. A client on the medical-surgical unit develops sudden shortness of breath,
chest pain, and hemoptysis. The nurse suspects a pulmonary embolism. What is
the PRIORITY nursing action?
A. Administer the prescribed anticoagulant.
B. Elevate the head of the bed and apply oxygen.
C. Notify the healthcare provider.
D. Document the findings in the chart.
Answer : B
pg. 2
,3
Rationale: Using the ABC (Airway-Breathing-Circulation) priority framework, the
nurse must first address oxygenation. Elevating the head of the bed facilitates
breathing, and applying oxygen addresses the hypoxia. While the provider must
be notified (C) and anticoagulants administered (A), the priority is to stabilize the
client's respiratory status. Documentation (D) occurs after the client is stabilized.
4. The nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which action demonstrates proper
technique?
A. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 10 seconds.
B. Using an alcohol-based hand rub when hands are visibly soiled.
C. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, covering all
surfaces.
D. Rinsing hands with water only, then applying alcohol-based hand rub.
Answer : C
Rationale: CDC guidelines specify that handwashing with soap and water should
last at least 20 seconds, covering all surfaces of the hands (palms, backs, between
fingers, fingertips, thumbs, wrists). Alcohol-based hand rubs (B) are appropriate
when hands are NOT visibly soiled. When hands are visibly soiled, soap and water
must be used. Ten seconds (A) is insufficient. Rinsing with water only (D) does not
effectively remove microorganisms.
5. The nurse is preparing a sterile field. Which action would CONTAMINATE the
field?
A. Keeping the sterile field above waist level.
B. Opening sterile packages away from the body.
C. Pouring sterile solution from a bottle held with the label facing the palm.
D. Reaching over the sterile field to pass an instrument to the provider.
Answer : D
Rationale: Reaching over a sterile field is NEVER permitted because
microorganisms from the nurse's arm and clothing can fall onto the sterile area,
contaminating it. The sterile field must remain above waist level (A). Sterile
pg. 3
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packages are opened away from the body (B) to prevent contamination from
clothing. When pouring sterile solutions, the label faces the palm (C) to protect it
from drips and keep it legible.
6. A client has a suspected Clostridium difficile infection. What type of
precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Standard precautions only.
B. Contact precautions with soap and water hand hygiene.
C. Droplet precautions.
D. Airborne precautions.
Answer : B
Rationale: C. difficile requires Contact Precautions (gown and gloves). Critically,
alcohol-based hand rubs are NOT effective against C. difficile spores. The nurse
MUST perform hand hygiene with soap and water to mechanically remove spores.
Standard precautions (A) are always used but are insufficient alone. C. difficile is
not transmitted by droplet (C) or airborne (D) routes.
7. The nurse is caring for a client on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which PPE is
required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask and gloves.
B. N95 respirator and face shield.
C. Gown and gloves.
D. Gown, gloves, and surgical mask.
Answer : C
Rationale: Contact Precautions require a gown and gloves for all interactions that
may involve contact with the client or contaminated surfaces. MRSA is
transmitted by direct or indirect contact, not by droplet or airborne routes. A
surgical mask (A, D) is not required unless there is a risk of splash/spray. An N95
respirator (B) is for Airborne Precautions (e.g., tuberculosis).
pg. 4
HONDROS NUR 150 - FUNDAMENTALS OF
NURSING COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW Original
Practice Questions | 2025/2026 Edition
COURSE OVERVIEW & KEY CONCEPTS
NUR 150 typically covers foundational nursing concepts including:
• Nursing Process & Clinical Judgment
• Patient Safety & Infection Control
• Vital Signs & Assessment
• Mobility & Immobility
• Hygiene & Comfort
• Nutrition & Elimination
• Medication Administration Basics
• Legal & Ethical Issues
• Communication & Documentation
• Wound Care & Skin Integrity
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS, SAFETY & INFECTION CONTROL
Questions 1-100
1. The nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for falls. Which intervention
should the nurse implement FIRST according to the nursing process?
A. Apply restraints to prevent the client from getting out of bed.
B. Assess the client's risk factors using a validated fall risk assessment tool.
C. Place the bed in the lowest position with wheels locked.
D. Educate the family about fall prevention strategies.
pg. 1
,2
Answer : B
Rationale: The nursing process begins with ASSESSMENT. Before implementing
interventions, the nurse must first assess the client's specific risk factors (e.g.,
history of falls, medications, mobility, mental status). Using a validated tool like
the Morse Fall Scale or Hendrich II provides objective data. Interventions (A, C, D)
are planned and implemented based on assessment findings. Restraints (A)
should only be used as a last resort after less restrictive alternatives have failed.
2. The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female
client. After gathering supplies and explaining the procedure, what is the NEXT
step?
A. Insert the catheter into the urinary meatus.
B. Inflate the catheter balloon.
C. Perform hand hygiene and apply sterile gloves.
D. Position the client in a dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed.
Answer : D
Rationale: After explaining the procedure and gathering supplies, the nurse must
position the client correctly before donning sterile gloves and beginning the
sterile procedure. The dorsal recumbent position with knees flexed and hips
externally rotated provides optimal visualization of the urinary meatus. Hand
hygiene and sterile gloving (C) occur after positioning. Insertion (A) and balloon
inflation (B) occur later in the procedure.
3. A client on the medical-surgical unit develops sudden shortness of breath,
chest pain, and hemoptysis. The nurse suspects a pulmonary embolism. What is
the PRIORITY nursing action?
A. Administer the prescribed anticoagulant.
B. Elevate the head of the bed and apply oxygen.
C. Notify the healthcare provider.
D. Document the findings in the chart.
Answer : B
pg. 2
,3
Rationale: Using the ABC (Airway-Breathing-Circulation) priority framework, the
nurse must first address oxygenation. Elevating the head of the bed facilitates
breathing, and applying oxygen addresses the hypoxia. While the provider must
be notified (C) and anticoagulants administered (A), the priority is to stabilize the
client's respiratory status. Documentation (D) occurs after the client is stabilized.
4. The nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which action demonstrates proper
technique?
A. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 10 seconds.
B. Using an alcohol-based hand rub when hands are visibly soiled.
C. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, covering all
surfaces.
D. Rinsing hands with water only, then applying alcohol-based hand rub.
Answer : C
Rationale: CDC guidelines specify that handwashing with soap and water should
last at least 20 seconds, covering all surfaces of the hands (palms, backs, between
fingers, fingertips, thumbs, wrists). Alcohol-based hand rubs (B) are appropriate
when hands are NOT visibly soiled. When hands are visibly soiled, soap and water
must be used. Ten seconds (A) is insufficient. Rinsing with water only (D) does not
effectively remove microorganisms.
5. The nurse is preparing a sterile field. Which action would CONTAMINATE the
field?
A. Keeping the sterile field above waist level.
B. Opening sterile packages away from the body.
C. Pouring sterile solution from a bottle held with the label facing the palm.
D. Reaching over the sterile field to pass an instrument to the provider.
Answer : D
Rationale: Reaching over a sterile field is NEVER permitted because
microorganisms from the nurse's arm and clothing can fall onto the sterile area,
contaminating it. The sterile field must remain above waist level (A). Sterile
pg. 3
, 4
packages are opened away from the body (B) to prevent contamination from
clothing. When pouring sterile solutions, the label faces the palm (C) to protect it
from drips and keep it legible.
6. A client has a suspected Clostridium difficile infection. What type of
precautions should the nurse implement?
A. Standard precautions only.
B. Contact precautions with soap and water hand hygiene.
C. Droplet precautions.
D. Airborne precautions.
Answer : B
Rationale: C. difficile requires Contact Precautions (gown and gloves). Critically,
alcohol-based hand rubs are NOT effective against C. difficile spores. The nurse
MUST perform hand hygiene with soap and water to mechanically remove spores.
Standard precautions (A) are always used but are insufficient alone. C. difficile is
not transmitted by droplet (C) or airborne (D) routes.
7. The nurse is caring for a client on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which PPE is
required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask and gloves.
B. N95 respirator and face shield.
C. Gown and gloves.
D. Gown, gloves, and surgical mask.
Answer : C
Rationale: Contact Precautions require a gown and gloves for all interactions that
may involve contact with the client or contaminated surfaces. MRSA is
transmitted by direct or indirect contact, not by droplet or airborne routes. A
surgical mask (A, D) is not required unless there is a risk of splash/spray. An N95
respirator (B) is for Airborne Precautions (e.g., tuberculosis).
pg. 4
