SPI SONOGRAPHY PRINCIPLES AND
INSTRUMENTATION BUNDLE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Unrelated. Answer: Not associated or connected
◉ Directly Related or Proportional. Answer: 2 or more items associated
AND connected; (1 item ↑, the other ↑)
◉ Intensity. Answer: Intensity is proportional to Power. Intensity AND
Power are proportional to Amplitude2
◉ Inversely Related. Answer: 2 or more items associated AND
connected; (1 item ↑, the other ↓)
◉ Period & Frequency. Answer: Period & Frequency are inversely
related. Period ↑ Frequency ↓
◉ Reciprocal. Answer: 2 numbers multiplied (ｘ) the result (=) is one
(↿) *Reciprocals are also inversely related; 1 item ↑, the other ↓*
◉ Sound Waves. Answer: All waves carry energy from one location to
another. Sound is a mechanical wave
,◉ Medium for Sound. Answer: Sound cannot travel through vacuum;
MUST travel through a medium
◉ Sound Wave Direction. Answer: Sound travels in a straight line
◉ Longitudinal Waves. Answer: Sound waves are longitudinal
◉ Acoustic Waves. Answer: Sound waves are also referred to as
acoustic waves
◉ Acoustic Variables. Answer: [ Pressure, Density, & Distance ] Used
to distinguish between sound waves and other types of waves
◉ Pressure. Answer: Concentration of force in an area measured in
Pascals (Pa)
◉ Density. Answer: Concentration of mass in a volume measured in
kg/cm3
◉ Distance (particle motion). Answer: Measure of particle motion
measured in cm, ft, mile
◉ Acoustic Parameters. Answer: There are seven acoustic parameters
,◉ Period. Answer: Time from the start of one cycle, to the start of the
next cycle measured in microseconds (μs)
◉ Frequency. Answer: Number of cycles that occurs in 1 second
measured in Hertz (Hz) 'per second'
◉ Amplitude. Answer: Difference between the minimum value & the
average value of the acoustic variable
◉ Power. Answer: Rate of energy transfer measured in Watts (W)
◉ Wavelength. Answer: Distance or length of one complete cycle
measured in mm, meters, any unit of length
◉ Propagation Speed. Answer: Rate at which a sound wave travels
through a medium measured in m/s, mm/μs
◉ Wavelength Formula. Answer: wavelength = 1.54 mm/μs
◉ Sound Speed Order. Answer: Sound travels fastest in solids, slower in
liquids, & slowest in gases. Order from fastest →slowest: Bone
→Tendon →Muscle →Blood →Liver
◉ Stiffness. Answer: Ability of an object to resist compression
, ◉ Density & Speed Relationship. Answer: Density & speed are
inversely related
◉ Bulk Modulus. Answer: Bulk Modulus is the same as stiffness
◉ Speed Determinants. Answer: Speed is determined by the density &
stiffness of the medium
◉ Speed Increase with Stiffness. Answer: If stiffness increases ↑, speed
increases ↑
◉ Speed Decrease with Density. Answer: If density increases ↑, speed
decreases ↓
◉ Speed Formula. Answer: Speed = Frequency (Hz) x Wavelength (m)
◉ Pulsed Waves. Answer: Pulsed ultrasound has 2 components:
Transmit, talking, or 'on' time and Receive, listening, or 'off' time
◉ Pulsed Duration. Answer: Actual time from the start of a pulse, to the
end of a pulse
◉ Pulse Repetition Period (PRP). Answer: Time from the start of one
pulse, to the start of the next pulse
INSTRUMENTATION BUNDLE 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS
◉ Unrelated. Answer: Not associated or connected
◉ Directly Related or Proportional. Answer: 2 or more items associated
AND connected; (1 item ↑, the other ↑)
◉ Intensity. Answer: Intensity is proportional to Power. Intensity AND
Power are proportional to Amplitude2
◉ Inversely Related. Answer: 2 or more items associated AND
connected; (1 item ↑, the other ↓)
◉ Period & Frequency. Answer: Period & Frequency are inversely
related. Period ↑ Frequency ↓
◉ Reciprocal. Answer: 2 numbers multiplied (ｘ) the result (=) is one
(↿) *Reciprocals are also inversely related; 1 item ↑, the other ↓*
◉ Sound Waves. Answer: All waves carry energy from one location to
another. Sound is a mechanical wave
,◉ Medium for Sound. Answer: Sound cannot travel through vacuum;
MUST travel through a medium
◉ Sound Wave Direction. Answer: Sound travels in a straight line
◉ Longitudinal Waves. Answer: Sound waves are longitudinal
◉ Acoustic Waves. Answer: Sound waves are also referred to as
acoustic waves
◉ Acoustic Variables. Answer: [ Pressure, Density, & Distance ] Used
to distinguish between sound waves and other types of waves
◉ Pressure. Answer: Concentration of force in an area measured in
Pascals (Pa)
◉ Density. Answer: Concentration of mass in a volume measured in
kg/cm3
◉ Distance (particle motion). Answer: Measure of particle motion
measured in cm, ft, mile
◉ Acoustic Parameters. Answer: There are seven acoustic parameters
,◉ Period. Answer: Time from the start of one cycle, to the start of the
next cycle measured in microseconds (μs)
◉ Frequency. Answer: Number of cycles that occurs in 1 second
measured in Hertz (Hz) 'per second'
◉ Amplitude. Answer: Difference between the minimum value & the
average value of the acoustic variable
◉ Power. Answer: Rate of energy transfer measured in Watts (W)
◉ Wavelength. Answer: Distance or length of one complete cycle
measured in mm, meters, any unit of length
◉ Propagation Speed. Answer: Rate at which a sound wave travels
through a medium measured in m/s, mm/μs
◉ Wavelength Formula. Answer: wavelength = 1.54 mm/μs
◉ Sound Speed Order. Answer: Sound travels fastest in solids, slower in
liquids, & slowest in gases. Order from fastest →slowest: Bone
→Tendon →Muscle →Blood →Liver
◉ Stiffness. Answer: Ability of an object to resist compression
, ◉ Density & Speed Relationship. Answer: Density & speed are
inversely related
◉ Bulk Modulus. Answer: Bulk Modulus is the same as stiffness
◉ Speed Determinants. Answer: Speed is determined by the density &
stiffness of the medium
◉ Speed Increase with Stiffness. Answer: If stiffness increases ↑, speed
increases ↑
◉ Speed Decrease with Density. Answer: If density increases ↑, speed
decreases ↓
◉ Speed Formula. Answer: Speed = Frequency (Hz) x Wavelength (m)
◉ Pulsed Waves. Answer: Pulsed ultrasound has 2 components:
Transmit, talking, or 'on' time and Receive, listening, or 'off' time
◉ Pulsed Duration. Answer: Actual time from the start of a pulse, to the
end of a pulse
◉ Pulse Repetition Period (PRP). Answer: Time from the start of one
pulse, to the start of the next pulse
