Rasmussen University NUR 1055 Final Exam (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Intro
to Nursing Q&A | Nursing
**1. A nursing student is studying Florence Nightingale's contributions to the
nursing profession. What was Nightingale's most significant achievement?**
A) Establishing the first nursing school in the United States
B) Identifying the importance of a clean environment on patient outcomes
C) Creating the first hospital-based nursing internship program
D) Developing the first standardized medication administration record
Correct Answer: B) Identifying the importance of a clean environment on
patient outcomes
Rationale: Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory emphasized that
sanitation, fresh air, clean water, and proper nutrition were critical factors in
patient healing, which she demonstrated during the Crimean War. This focus
on the environment significantly reduced mortality rates and established the
foundation for modern infection control.
**2. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of nursing
according to the American Nurses Association (ANA)?**
A) To assist physicians in the treatment of disease
B) To promote health, prevent illness, and care for the physically ill, mentally
ill, and disabled
C) To manage hospital operations and healthcare systems
D) To diagnose medical conditions and prescribe treatments
Correct Answer: B) To promote health, prevent illness, and care for the
physically ill, mentally ill, and disabled
,Rationale: The ANA defines nursing as an integral part of the healthcare
system that encompasses the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and
care of individuals across all age groups and settings. The focus is on holistic
care, not just assisting physicians or managing operations.
**3. Which nursing theorist is known for the Theory of Interpersonal
Relations, which describes the nurse-patient relationship in phases?**
A) Dorothea Orem
B) Jean Watson
C) Hildegard Peplau
D) Madeleine Leininger
Correct Answer: C) Hildegard Peplau
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau developed the Theory of Interpersonal Relations,
which outlines four phases of the nurse-patient relationship: orientation,
identification, exploitation, and resolution. This theory emphasized the
importance of the therapeutic relationship in nursing practice.
**4. A nurse is caring for a patient who is in denial after receiving a terminal
diagnosis. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level of need
should the nurse address first after ensuring the patient's physiological
needs are met?**
A) Self-actualization needs
B) Safety and security needs
C) Love and belonging needs
D) Esteem needs
Correct Answer: B) Safety and security needs
,Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy prioritizes physiological needs first, followed by
safety and security needs. After physical needs are addressed, the patient
must feel emotionally safe and secure before they can process a terminal
diagnosis and engage in learning about their condition.
**5. Which nurse is recognized for founding the American Red Cross and
organizing nursing services during the Civil War?**
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Dorothea Dix
C) Clara Barton
D) Lillian Wald
Correct Answer: C) Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton was a pioneering nurse who founded the American
Red Cross and provided nursing care to soldiers during the Civil War. Her
efforts established a legacy of disaster relief and humanitarian service in the
United States.
**6. According to Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing, the unique
function of the nurse is to:**
A) Diagnose and treat human responses to illness
B) Assist the individual in performing activities contributing to health or
recovery
C) Provide a clean and healing environment for the patient
D) Manage the healthcare team and coordinate patient care
Correct Answer: B) Assist the individual in performing activities contributing
to health or recovery
, Rationale: Virginia Henderson defined nursing as assisting the individual, sick
or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or
recovery that they would perform unaided if they had the necessary
strength, will, or knowledge.
**7. Which nursing theorist is known for the Transcultural Nursing Theory,
which emphasizes cultural competence in healthcare?**
A) Dorothea Orem
B) Madeleine Leininger
C) Jean Watson
D) Hildegard Peplau
Correct Answer: B) Madeleine Leininger
Rationale: Madeleine Leininger developed the Theory of Transcultural
Nursing, which focuses on providing culturally competent care that respects
patients' cultural values, beliefs, and practices.
**8. Lillian Wald is known for which contribution to nursing and public health?
**
A) Founding the American Red Cross
B) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement, bringing nursing care to
underserved communities
C) Developing the first nursing theory
D) Creating the nursing code of ethics
Correct Answer: B) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement, bringing
nursing care to underserved communities
to Nursing Q&A | Nursing
**1. A nursing student is studying Florence Nightingale's contributions to the
nursing profession. What was Nightingale's most significant achievement?**
A) Establishing the first nursing school in the United States
B) Identifying the importance of a clean environment on patient outcomes
C) Creating the first hospital-based nursing internship program
D) Developing the first standardized medication administration record
Correct Answer: B) Identifying the importance of a clean environment on
patient outcomes
Rationale: Florence Nightingale's Environmental Theory emphasized that
sanitation, fresh air, clean water, and proper nutrition were critical factors in
patient healing, which she demonstrated during the Crimean War. This focus
on the environment significantly reduced mortality rates and established the
foundation for modern infection control.
**2. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of nursing
according to the American Nurses Association (ANA)?**
A) To assist physicians in the treatment of disease
B) To promote health, prevent illness, and care for the physically ill, mentally
ill, and disabled
C) To manage hospital operations and healthcare systems
D) To diagnose medical conditions and prescribe treatments
Correct Answer: B) To promote health, prevent illness, and care for the
physically ill, mentally ill, and disabled
,Rationale: The ANA defines nursing as an integral part of the healthcare
system that encompasses the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and
care of individuals across all age groups and settings. The focus is on holistic
care, not just assisting physicians or managing operations.
**3. Which nursing theorist is known for the Theory of Interpersonal
Relations, which describes the nurse-patient relationship in phases?**
A) Dorothea Orem
B) Jean Watson
C) Hildegard Peplau
D) Madeleine Leininger
Correct Answer: C) Hildegard Peplau
Rationale: Hildegard Peplau developed the Theory of Interpersonal Relations,
which outlines four phases of the nurse-patient relationship: orientation,
identification, exploitation, and resolution. This theory emphasized the
importance of the therapeutic relationship in nursing practice.
**4. A nurse is caring for a patient who is in denial after receiving a terminal
diagnosis. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level of need
should the nurse address first after ensuring the patient's physiological
needs are met?**
A) Self-actualization needs
B) Safety and security needs
C) Love and belonging needs
D) Esteem needs
Correct Answer: B) Safety and security needs
,Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy prioritizes physiological needs first, followed by
safety and security needs. After physical needs are addressed, the patient
must feel emotionally safe and secure before they can process a terminal
diagnosis and engage in learning about their condition.
**5. Which nurse is recognized for founding the American Red Cross and
organizing nursing services during the Civil War?**
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Dorothea Dix
C) Clara Barton
D) Lillian Wald
Correct Answer: C) Clara Barton
Rationale: Clara Barton was a pioneering nurse who founded the American
Red Cross and provided nursing care to soldiers during the Civil War. Her
efforts established a legacy of disaster relief and humanitarian service in the
United States.
**6. According to Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing, the unique
function of the nurse is to:**
A) Diagnose and treat human responses to illness
B) Assist the individual in performing activities contributing to health or
recovery
C) Provide a clean and healing environment for the patient
D) Manage the healthcare team and coordinate patient care
Correct Answer: B) Assist the individual in performing activities contributing
to health or recovery
, Rationale: Virginia Henderson defined nursing as assisting the individual, sick
or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or
recovery that they would perform unaided if they had the necessary
strength, will, or knowledge.
**7. Which nursing theorist is known for the Transcultural Nursing Theory,
which emphasizes cultural competence in healthcare?**
A) Dorothea Orem
B) Madeleine Leininger
C) Jean Watson
D) Hildegard Peplau
Correct Answer: B) Madeleine Leininger
Rationale: Madeleine Leininger developed the Theory of Transcultural
Nursing, which focuses on providing culturally competent care that respects
patients' cultural values, beliefs, and practices.
**8. Lillian Wald is known for which contribution to nursing and public health?
**
A) Founding the American Red Cross
B) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement, bringing nursing care to
underserved communities
C) Developing the first nursing theory
D) Creating the nursing code of ethics
Correct Answer: B) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement, bringing
nursing care to underserved communities
