S-290 ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Wildland fire behavior.
Answer: the manner in which fuels ignite, flames develop, and fire spreads
and exhibits other characteristics
◍ Name the 5 weather factors that effect fire behavior. (WARPT).
Answer: Windspeed and directionAtmospheric stabilityRelative
HumidityPrecipitationTemperature
◍ 3 components of the fire environment.
Answer: weather, topography, and fuels
◍ 3 component so of the fire triangle.
Answer: heat, oxygen, fuel
◍ Elements of weather that influence fire behavior.
Answer: TemperatureRelative humidityAtmospheric stabilityWind speed
and directionPrecipitation
◍ Elements of topography that influence fire behavior.
Answer: ElevationPosition on slopeAspectShape of the terrainSteepness of
slope
◍ Name the 5 topographic factors that affect fire behavior.
Answer: ElevationPosition on slopeAspectShape of the countrySteepness of
slope
◍ Name the 7 fuel factors that effect fire behavior.
Answer: Fuel loadingSize and shapeCompactnessHorizontal
continuityVertical continuityChemical contentFuel moisture and Fuel
, temperature
◍ Elements of fuel that influence fire behavior.
Answer: Fuel loadingSize and shapeCompactnessHorizontal
continuityVertical continuityChemical contentFuel moisture and
temperature
◍ Ignition temperature.
Answer: The temperature a material must attain to produce self-sustaining
combustion (600o for wildland fuels)
◍ Which of the three components of fire enviornment, changes most rapidly
over time and space?.
Answer: Weather
◍ Which of the three components of the fire enviornment is the least variable?.
Answer: Topography
◍ Which fuel characteristics vary rapidly over time and space?.
Answer: Fuel moisture and Fuel temperature
◍ Primary factors affecting ignition.
Answer: Size and shape of fuelsCompactness or arrangement of fuelsFuel
moisture contentFuel temperature
◍ The form of heat transfer that has the most influence on the rate of spread in
a ground fire is....
Answer: Conduction
◍ These fires are difficult to extinguish and have smoldering or creeping fire
behavior.
Answer: Ground Fires
◍ Heat transfer.
Answer: The physical processes by which heat energy moves to and through
unburned fuelPreheat fuel prior to ignition, thus contributing to fire spread
◍ What form of heat transfer has the most influence on rate of spread in a
backing fire?.
, Answer: Radiation
◍ Conduction.
Answer: The transfer of heat from one molecule of matter to another (direct
contact)
◍ Convection.
Answer: The transfer of heat by the motion of air (or any other fluid)
◍ 3 ways convection energy can spread a fire.
Answer: 1. Cause spot fires2. Preheat fuels through air and increased direct
flame contact3. Increase the amount of oxygen introduced on a fire
◍ Radiation.
Answer: The transmission of heat energy by electromagnetic waves passing
from a heat source to an absorbing material
◍ Fireline intensity.
Answer: The rate of heat released during combustion per foot of fire front,
the heat that a firefighter would feel at the fire's flaming front (Btu/feet
(ft)/second)Measured visibly by flame length
◍ What form of heat transfer has the most influence on tree limbs.
Answer: Convection
◍ List three forms of mass transport of firebrands on wildland fires.
Answer: 1. Convection2. Wind3. Gravity
◍ Primary factors affecting fireline intensity.
Answer: Fuel loadingCompactness or arrangement of fuelsFuel moisture
contentThe rate of spread
◍ Flame height.
Answer: The average height of flames as measured on a vertical axis
◍ Flame length.
Answer: The distance measured from the tip of the flame to the middle of
the flaming zone at base of the fire
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Wildland fire behavior.
Answer: the manner in which fuels ignite, flames develop, and fire spreads
and exhibits other characteristics
◍ Name the 5 weather factors that effect fire behavior. (WARPT).
Answer: Windspeed and directionAtmospheric stabilityRelative
HumidityPrecipitationTemperature
◍ 3 components of the fire environment.
Answer: weather, topography, and fuels
◍ 3 component so of the fire triangle.
Answer: heat, oxygen, fuel
◍ Elements of weather that influence fire behavior.
Answer: TemperatureRelative humidityAtmospheric stabilityWind speed
and directionPrecipitation
◍ Elements of topography that influence fire behavior.
Answer: ElevationPosition on slopeAspectShape of the terrainSteepness of
slope
◍ Name the 5 topographic factors that affect fire behavior.
Answer: ElevationPosition on slopeAspectShape of the countrySteepness of
slope
◍ Name the 7 fuel factors that effect fire behavior.
Answer: Fuel loadingSize and shapeCompactnessHorizontal
continuityVertical continuityChemical contentFuel moisture and Fuel
, temperature
◍ Elements of fuel that influence fire behavior.
Answer: Fuel loadingSize and shapeCompactnessHorizontal
continuityVertical continuityChemical contentFuel moisture and
temperature
◍ Ignition temperature.
Answer: The temperature a material must attain to produce self-sustaining
combustion (600o for wildland fuels)
◍ Which of the three components of fire enviornment, changes most rapidly
over time and space?.
Answer: Weather
◍ Which of the three components of the fire enviornment is the least variable?.
Answer: Topography
◍ Which fuel characteristics vary rapidly over time and space?.
Answer: Fuel moisture and Fuel temperature
◍ Primary factors affecting ignition.
Answer: Size and shape of fuelsCompactness or arrangement of fuelsFuel
moisture contentFuel temperature
◍ The form of heat transfer that has the most influence on the rate of spread in
a ground fire is....
Answer: Conduction
◍ These fires are difficult to extinguish and have smoldering or creeping fire
behavior.
Answer: Ground Fires
◍ Heat transfer.
Answer: The physical processes by which heat energy moves to and through
unburned fuelPreheat fuel prior to ignition, thus contributing to fire spread
◍ What form of heat transfer has the most influence on rate of spread in a
backing fire?.
, Answer: Radiation
◍ Conduction.
Answer: The transfer of heat from one molecule of matter to another (direct
contact)
◍ Convection.
Answer: The transfer of heat by the motion of air (or any other fluid)
◍ 3 ways convection energy can spread a fire.
Answer: 1. Cause spot fires2. Preheat fuels through air and increased direct
flame contact3. Increase the amount of oxygen introduced on a fire
◍ Radiation.
Answer: The transmission of heat energy by electromagnetic waves passing
from a heat source to an absorbing material
◍ Fireline intensity.
Answer: The rate of heat released during combustion per foot of fire front,
the heat that a firefighter would feel at the fire's flaming front (Btu/feet
(ft)/second)Measured visibly by flame length
◍ What form of heat transfer has the most influence on tree limbs.
Answer: Convection
◍ List three forms of mass transport of firebrands on wildland fires.
Answer: 1. Convection2. Wind3. Gravity
◍ Primary factors affecting fireline intensity.
Answer: Fuel loadingCompactness or arrangement of fuelsFuel moisture
contentThe rate of spread
◍ Flame height.
Answer: The average height of flames as measured on a vertical axis
◍ Flame length.
Answer: The distance measured from the tip of the flame to the middle of
the flaming zone at base of the fire
