PAEA Internal Medicine EOR Testbank 2026
Question and Answer | Complete Study Guide |
A+ Verified
• What is the 1st cardiac enzyme to rise? -✓✓Troponin, elevated 3 hrs
post MI and stay elevated up to 10-14 days post MI
-Negative Troponin between 6-72 hrs post CP onset indicates strong
evidence against MI
• CK-MB -✓✓The MB type is specific to myocardial cells. The CK
level will increase approximately 3-4 hours after an MI, peaks at 24 hrs,
and stays elevated for 3-4 days.
• MI treatment -✓✓MONA (morphine, O2, nitrates, ASA), BB, ACEI,
thrombolytics
• Beck's triad -✓✓JVD, hypotension, muffled heart tones
(tamponade)
• S/S of systolic HF -✓✓orthopnea, nocturnal dyspnea, JVD, edema
• What is diastolic heart failure and what are signs and symptoms of it?
-✓✓ventricle can't relax which leads to higher filling pressure,
pulmonary congestion and decreased cardiac return
• Treatment for heart failure -✓✓diuretics (1st line for systolic)
ACEI (slows dz progression)
BB (helpful if HF secondary to ischemia)
Spironolactone
Digoxin (with systolic HF if uncontrolled on ACEI & diuretics)
, • Dilated Cardiomyopathy -✓✓most common type of cardiomyopathy;
reduced ventricular contraction results in dilation of LV
• Diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy -✓✓ECHO: LV dilation
EKG: nonspecific ST and T wave changes
CXR: cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy -✓✓small LV, massive hypertrophy
especially the septum, diastolic dysfunction
-transmitted genetically
• Tx for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy -✓✓BB/CCB, surgical ablation,
dual chamber pacing
• Restrictive Cardiomyopathy -✓✓LV small/normal with reduced EF;
results from fibrosis or infiltration of ventricular wall due to many diff
causes like DM, radiation, amyloidosis, etc.
• S/S of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy -✓✓decreased exercise tolerance,
advanced dz pts have Rt sided congestive failure, pulmonary HTN
• NSTEMI -✓✓results from incomplete coronary artery occlusion
causing ischemia of only the innermost layers of myocardium
• STEMI -✓✓results from full thickness necrosis caused by total
prolonged occlusion of coronary artery
• Stable angina lasts how long? -✓✓subsides at rest, >15 seconds to <15
minutes
• Signs of myocardial ischemia -✓✓ST depression
Question and Answer | Complete Study Guide |
A+ Verified
• What is the 1st cardiac enzyme to rise? -✓✓Troponin, elevated 3 hrs
post MI and stay elevated up to 10-14 days post MI
-Negative Troponin between 6-72 hrs post CP onset indicates strong
evidence against MI
• CK-MB -✓✓The MB type is specific to myocardial cells. The CK
level will increase approximately 3-4 hours after an MI, peaks at 24 hrs,
and stays elevated for 3-4 days.
• MI treatment -✓✓MONA (morphine, O2, nitrates, ASA), BB, ACEI,
thrombolytics
• Beck's triad -✓✓JVD, hypotension, muffled heart tones
(tamponade)
• S/S of systolic HF -✓✓orthopnea, nocturnal dyspnea, JVD, edema
• What is diastolic heart failure and what are signs and symptoms of it?
-✓✓ventricle can't relax which leads to higher filling pressure,
pulmonary congestion and decreased cardiac return
• Treatment for heart failure -✓✓diuretics (1st line for systolic)
ACEI (slows dz progression)
BB (helpful if HF secondary to ischemia)
Spironolactone
Digoxin (with systolic HF if uncontrolled on ACEI & diuretics)
, • Dilated Cardiomyopathy -✓✓most common type of cardiomyopathy;
reduced ventricular contraction results in dilation of LV
• Diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy -✓✓ECHO: LV dilation
EKG: nonspecific ST and T wave changes
CXR: cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy -✓✓small LV, massive hypertrophy
especially the septum, diastolic dysfunction
-transmitted genetically
• Tx for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy -✓✓BB/CCB, surgical ablation,
dual chamber pacing
• Restrictive Cardiomyopathy -✓✓LV small/normal with reduced EF;
results from fibrosis or infiltration of ventricular wall due to many diff
causes like DM, radiation, amyloidosis, etc.
• S/S of Restrictive Cardiomyopathy -✓✓decreased exercise tolerance,
advanced dz pts have Rt sided congestive failure, pulmonary HTN
• NSTEMI -✓✓results from incomplete coronary artery occlusion
causing ischemia of only the innermost layers of myocardium
• STEMI -✓✓results from full thickness necrosis caused by total
prolonged occlusion of coronary artery
• Stable angina lasts how long? -✓✓subsides at rest, >15 seconds to <15
minutes
• Signs of myocardial ischemia -✓✓ST depression
