NUR 206 / NUR206 Exam 2 V2 – Community Nursing Concepts Review (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Fortis College | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A

NUR 206 / NUR206 Exam 2 V2 – Community Nursing Concepts Review (Latest 2026/2027 Update) | Fortis College | Verified Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Solutions | Grade A Which should the parish nurse incorporate into a tertiary prevention educational program related to obesity? a. Encourage healthy snacks and meals for youth activities. b. Facilitate a faith-based education program for overweight youth. c. Ways to maintain a normal BMI across the lifespan. d. Assist with height and weight screenings to identify at risk population. b. Facilitate a faith-based education program for overweight youth. A nurse is providing care to a pregnant teenager. Which of the following principles is the most important for the nurse to consider when providing care? a. Pregnant teens may have limited financial resources to pay for care. b. All teen pregnancies are considered high risk. c. Pregnant teens are likely to receive prenatal care late in the pregnancy. d. Limited self-care knowledge can lead to pregnancy complications. d. Limited self-care knowledge can lead to pregnancy complications. A migrant farmworker brings his daughter to the clinic with severe heat stoke from being out in the sun. The nurse explains the danger signs and stresses staying cool and drinking lots of water. The man seems to know this already. Which of the following best describes the most likely reason that this happened? a. The daughter either disobeyed her father and went out to play in the sun or just did not realize how hot she was. b. Children may work on small farms because the family may need the additional income. c. It was a rare-occurrence, which probably won't be repeated. d. The parents were busy working and didn't realize the child was outside so long. b. Children may work on small farms because the family may need the additional income. The rural health nurse understands which characteristic of rural life contributes to a decrease in reporting of personal health issue? a. High-risk jobs. b. Mistrust of newcomers. c. Lack of anonymity. d. Lack of internet service. c. Lack of anonymity. The home health nurse visits a client at home and determines that the client is dependent on drugs. During the assessment, which action would the nurse take to plan appropriate nursing care? a. Ask the client about the reason for taking illegal drugs. b. Not ask any questions for fear that the client is in denial and will throw the nurse out of the home. c. Ask the client about the amount of drug use and its effect. d. Ask the client how long they thought they could take drugs without someone finding out. c. Ask the client about the amount of drug use and its effect. The public health nurse has screened the community for diabetes. She is requesting from the health board to increase funding for diabetic clinics in the community. What data collected would best persuade the health board to approve her request? a. Educating the board on what an epidemic of diabetes means for the community. b. The prevalence of diabetes is now higher than previously recognized in the community. c. The risk of diabetes in the community could decrease if funding is received. d. Hospital admission rates for newly diagnosed diabetic clients are being monitored. b. The prevalence of diabetes is now higher than previously recognized in the community. The physician orders nitroglycerine 22 mcg/minute IV infusion. Nitroglycerine is supplied as 50 mg in 500 mL D5W. The nurse will set the infusion rate at ___ mL/hour. Round to the nearest whole number. 13 mL/hour Which of the following is the most rapidly growing group of homeless? a. Adolescents. b. Single man. c. Persons in crisis. d. Families with children. d. Families with children. When reviewing the health status of a rural community, which characteristics is common among this population? a. Increase in chronic diseases. b. Increased prevalence of communicable diseases. c. Participation in activities during leisure time. d. Engagement in preventive health screenings. a. Increase in chronic diseases. The nurse reviews the components of the epidemiological triangle. Which of the following is considered an agent? a. Climate. b. Chemicals. c. Immune Status. d. Lifestyle factors. b. Chemicals. A parish nurse evaluates health programs that provide holistic care across the life span. Which of the following would demonstrate effectiveness of a health program for clients with hypertension? a. Post-test to evaluate understanding of information presented. b. Survey obtaining feedback on delivery mechanisms. c. Clients taking hypertension medications as needed. d. Evaluation of blood pressure readings six months after initiation of program. d. Evaluation of blood pressure readings six months after initiation of program. The HCP orders Narcan (naloxone) 0.3 mg IV STAT. Narcan is provided as 0.4 mg/mL. The nurse will administer ____ mL. Round to the nearest tenth. 0.8 mL When meeting with a client and family, the home health nurse says, "We have discussed your health problems and limitations. Now tell me what level of health and function you hope to achieve." In which of the following phases of the nursing process is the nurse engaging? a. Planning. b. Outcome identification. c. Diagnosis. d. Gathering a history. b. Outcome identification. The parish nurse is visiting with a member of congregation who has been ill. While visiting, the nurse notes that the 3-year-old daughter has bruises on her arms and face. The mother seems scared and admits the father has been hitting them both. Which assessment is the nurse's priority? a. Contact the pastor for help. b. Report the findings to CPS. c. Ask the mother what she is going to do about the abuse. d. Refer the family to counseling. b. Report the findings to CPS. Which of the following best describes the mission of OSHA? a. To ensure safe and healthful working conditions. b. To share factory illness and injury rates with the public. c. To establish rules for employee safety. d. To create an inspection system to avoid preventable loss of life. a. To ensure safe and healthful working conditions. The rural health nurse is providing primary health interventions for a group of migrant farmworkers to decrease pesticide exposure. Which action would be best for the nurse to take? a. Conduct screening, such as urine testing for pesticide exposure. b. Provide hand-washing stations. c. Initiate treatment for the symptoms of pesticide exposure such as nausea, vomiting, and skin irritation. d. Teach workers how to reduce exposure to pesticides. d. Teach workers how to reduce exposure to pesticides. A nurse values her autonomy in her parish nursing role. Which of the following models of parish nursing would most likely be prevalent to the nurse? a. Teamwork Model. b. Congregational Model. c. Partnership Model. d. Institutional Model. b. Congregational Model. Which describes a service provided by the World Health Organization? Select all that apply. a. Monitoring adverse drug reactions. b. Disseminating biomedical research. c. Establishing standards for vaccinations. d. Fostering collaboration for public health initiatives between countries. e. Providing information on international occurring diseases. a. Monitoring adverse drug reactions. b. Disseminating biomedical research. c. Establishing standards for vaccinations. d. Fostering collaboration for public health initiatives between countries. e. Providing information on international occurring diseases. Which client is at highest risk for illness following consumption of contaminated water? a. 36 year old with HIV. b. 45 year old with hypertension. c. 16 year old with history of asthma. d. 75 year old with no medical history. a. 36 year old with HIV. The occupational health nurse is planning a tertiary level of prevention for a group of employees with diabetes. Which action should the nurse implement as a priority? a. Schedule routine break sessions. b. Provide safety equipment. c. Provide education on glucose monitoring. d. Offer healthy snacks in the breakroom. c. Provide education on glucose monitoring. The rural health nurse is assessing a migrant worker who works in the fields picking oranges and various other fruits who presents to the clinic complaining of low back pain radiating down the left posterior thigh. The nurse should ask the client if the pain is worsened or aggravated by which factor? a. Bending or lifting. b. Application of heat. c. Bed rest. d. Ibuprofen. a. Bending or lifting. An occupational health nurse at a local factory is using primary prevention strategies to reduce the environmental health risks among the employees. Which of the following activities would the nurse most likely implement? a. Hearing screening for employees. b. Teaching new employees about signs and symptoms or heat related illness. c. Using spirometry to rule lung disease for workers wearing respirators. d. Irrigating the eyes of an employee who has a chemical splash in the face. b. Teaching new employees about signs and symptoms or heat related illness. A woman is diagnosed with breast cancer, she comes asks for advice from the community health nurse. Which of the following data should the nurse know to answer the woman when asked "what are the chances I will survive this cancer?" a. Cause-specific morbidity rate. b. Crude mortality rate. c. Case fatality rate. d. Attack rate. c. Case fatality rate. A family is concerned about the medical bills of their father, aged 63, who is unemployed and has almost no savings. Which of the following statements by the nurse accurately explains how Medicaid and Medicare would work in this family's situation? Select all that apply. a. "Your father must be homebound to qualify for Medicare assistance but less so for Medicaid." b. "Choose any physician and just show them your Medicare or Medicaid card." c. "All your father's medical bills will be paid by whichever program is appropriate." d. "Medicare is a federally funded program, but Medicaid is administered by your state." d. "Medicare is a federally funded program, but Medicaid is administered by your state." Which of the following is the primary focus of hospice care? a. Teaching the client and family how to care for themselves. b. Curing the client's chronic disease. c. Providing palliative care to provide and maintain comfort until death. d. Decreasing the cost of hospital resources. c. Providing palliative care to provide and maintain comfort until death. The nurse who works at a homeless clinic want to improve healing of chronic wounds in clients living on the streets. Which of the following would be the best action to take to improve client outcomes? a. Hand out free bandaging supplies following each clinic visit. b. Offer daily access to a room with soap, water, and bandages. c. Provide antibiotics to all homeless persons with chronic non-healing wounds. d. Perform regular monitoring of the client's wound condition. b. Offer daily access to a room with soap, water, and bandages. A school health nurse is conducting drug screening to detect drug use by students before problems develop. Which of the following levels of prevention does this action represent? a. Tertiary prevention. b. Primary prevention. c. Secondary prevention. d. Primary and secondary prevention. c. Secondary prevention. The HCP orders an IV bolus of 1 liter 0.9% sodium chloride over 4 hours. The nurse will set the infusion rate at ___ mL/hour. 250 mL/hour Which of the following statements by a client indicates a lack of understanding regarding an appropriate reason to sue for potential negligence? a. "Because the health care workers didn't turn my mother every 2 hours, she developed bedsores." b. "My daughter wasn't given a call light, and for a whole shift no one checked on her condition." c. "I received permanent nerve damage because they would not remove a cast that was too tight." d. "They amputated the wrong leg during surgery." b. "My daughter wasn't given a call light, and for a whole shift no one checked on her condition." The public health nurse is planning to implement secondary level prevention for a population of adolescents. Which action should the nurse take? a. Collaborate with school administration to revise the health classes to include safe sex practices. b. Educate school nurses about sexually transmitted diseases. c. Partner with the local public health department to provide free screenings for sexually transmitted diseases. d. Review the data of cases to identify trends of sexually transmitted diseases in the country. c. Partner with the local public health department to provide free screenings for sexually transmitted diseases. Which of the following clients over 65 years of age meets the criteria for Medicare reimbursement for home health nursing? a. The client who needs assistance with bathing and meal prep. b. The client whose family members need to learn how to care for his surgical wounds. c. The client who needs a sitter because she wanders from home and gets lost. d. The client who needs assistance with house cleaning and meal prep. b. The client whose family members need to learn how to care for his surgical wounds. A public health nurse is visiting a homeless client at the shelter. The nurse reviews the clients chart before discharge and notices that the client is scheduled to be taking phenobarbital for an extended period. The nurse would place highest priority on teaching the client which point that directly relates to client safety? a. Take the medication at the same time each day. b. Use a dose container to help prevent missed doses. c. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the medication. d. Take the medication only with meals. c. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the medication. The hospice nurse assess the home environment of an assigned client. Which finding would require the nurse to intervene immediately? a. The temperature control on the refrigerator isn't working. b. Non-skid mats are located in the bathroom. c. Smoke detectors are in place and working. d. A night light is observed between the bathroom and bedroom. a. The temperature control on the refrigerator isn't working. An IV drug abuser admits to the nurse he has no desire to stop using drugs, so other than lecture the individual on the dangers of drug addictions, the nurse provides information how to sterilize his needles. Which of the following prevention efforts is the nurse attempting to achieve? a. Primary prevention by educating about safe injections. b. Tertiary prevention to reduce the transmission of blood-borne disease. c. Primary prevention by avoidance of future legal complications. d. Secondary prevention to reduce the risk for infection or other complications. b. Tertiary prevention to reduce the transmission of blood-borne disease. A nurse is investigating a viral illness that has caused health problems in a community. Only some of the people who have been exposed to the virus have become sick. Which part of the epidemiologic triangle does this demonstrate? a. Host. b. Vector. c. Environment. d. Agent. a. Host. The rural nurse cares for many high risk and vulnerable populations in the community. What rural population group has the highest risk? a. Farmers. b. Children. c. College educated adults. d. Older adults. d. Older adults. Which counseling provided by the community nurse should be prioritized in the are of a mother with young children who use vapes? a. Vaping culture is appealing to minors. b. The oil may poison young children. c. Vapes are addictive. d. Secondhand vapor may be harmful. b. The oil may poison young children. The nurse reviews the role of governmental agencies. Which agency is responsible for improving the quality and safety of healthcare? a. National Institute of Health. b. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. c. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. d. Health Resources and Services Administration. b. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. A nurse wants to help keep the community environment safe. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take? a. Conserve water by bathing less often. b. Reduce, reuse, and recycle. c. Downsize to a smaller living space. d. Replace all his or her appliances with new energy-efficient ones. b. Reduce, reuse, and recycle. Which intervention is secondary prevention for alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) problems? a. Drug education in elementary schools. b. Counseling for the family of an addict. c. Behavioral risk factor survey. d. Subsidized community rehabilitation centers. d. Subsidized community rehabilitation centers. Which of the following statements best describes why health care of the homeless is so expensive to the community? a. Health conditions of the homeless require increased preventive services. b. Most care to homeless people takes place in hospital emergency departments. c. Homeless clients typically make more clinic visits for multiple health problems. d. Homeless people spread contagious diseases to those they pass on the street. b. Most care to homeless people takes place in hospital emergency departments. An occupational health nurse is looking at an employees eye after a complaint of it hurting and being red. While doing so, she asks the employee if they have safety glasses when they are working. Which of the following levels of prevention is being implemented? a. Primary prevention. b. Secondary prevention. c. Injury prevention. d. Tertiary prevention. a. Primary prevention. The community health nurse is working to ensure long term positive health outcomes of poor pregnant teens and their children. What following action would the nurse most likely take? a. Develop programs that allow teen mothers to complete their education. b. Offer courses in proper care of babies and how to be a parent. c. Assist teen mothers to learn about their body changes during pregnancy. d. Monitor pregnant teens to detect early problems with pregnancy. a. Develop programs that allow teen mothers to complete their education. Which are considered risk factors for alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) problems? Select all that apply. a. Parent with addiction. b. Childhood trauma. c. Victim of violence. d. People with positive coping skills. e. History of mood disorders. a. Parent with addiction. b. Childhood trauma. c. Victim of violence. e. History of mood disorders. The community health nurse is investigating the prevalence of asthma at a local high school. She reviews school records to determine how many students were seen by the school nurse because of asthma over the past five years. Which study design is the nurse using? a. Ecologic. b. Case-control. c. Retrospective cohort. d. Cross-sectional. d. Cross-sectional. The occupational health nurse for an oil company continually reminds employees to wear their fire-resistant gear and ear plugs. Which of the following levels of prevention is being implemented? a. Secondary intervention. b. Both secondary and tertiary prevention. c. Primary intervention. d. Tertiary intervention. c. Primary intervention. The nurse needs to administer furosemide (Lasix) 3 mg/minute via continuous IV infusion. The pharmacy has sent a bag of Lasix 400 mg diluted in D5W 100 mL. The nurse will set the pump to infuse ___ mL/hour. 45 mL/hour A parish nurse is implementing primary prevention measures related to obesity among the school age members of the church. Which of the following activities is most likely being used by the nurse? a. Working with parents of obese children to implement lifestyle changes. b. Ensure food given at church activities are nutritious. c. Weekly walking groups to help obese clients lose weight. d. Hold screenings for height and weight to check BMI. b. Ensure food given at church activities are nutritious. The base or lowest level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs is Physiological needs The ethical foundation for evidence-based practice lies in____. The importance of providing interventions with documented effectiveness. What is the purpose of Healthy People 2020/30? Emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention. What is EBP? using the best, most up-to-date research to inform practice. Which of the following is NOT an EBP? Unreliable clinical evidence Scientific evidence should be based on? -Systematic and Comprehensive observations - A large and diverse same of observations -Observations gathered in ways that see to reduce research biases. Rn is working as a case manager with a vulnerable pop. Which actions should the RN do when providing care? Be willing to enter into a long-term relationship with families. What is evidence based practice (EBP)? Integration of the best evidence to influence client care. According to evidence collected, which int3ervention is tertiary prevention? Educate the DM to manage glycemic control in community places. When evidence-based is applied to nursing it includes which options are best available? - Evidence from community leaders -Evidence from a variety of sources including research studies -Evidence from nursing experience and expertise EBP decision making includes which of the following? Clinical experience, best evidence, and patient preference. A nurse has collected several research findings for EBP. Which article will be the best for the nurse to use? An article that uses randomized controlled trials (RCT) Which one of these is considered a barrier of evidence based practice? Culture Using multiple sources of evidence increases ___ of the evaluation of student learning Reliability and Validity List correct order for the First 4 steps of EBP project. -Ask the Question -Gather your team -Create the PICO question -Create a Plan/Timeline with your group Which of these is an evidence? Source 2 states "Cats are low maintenance animals." Why do we use textural evidence? To support our written claims What is text evidence? evidence from a text used to support your ideas. Claim and evidence practice helps us with our writing: -Structure -Organization -Clarity Which of the following is the best example of evidence? The article states, "Social media can cause depression." Authors provide reasons and evidence to ___ the reader to agree with them. persuade Which of these ideas is supported by evidence in the speech? Artists can influence governments to make new laws. This subcostal view in a patient with SOB shows evidence of Pulmonary hypertension. Which one is a starter word for evidence? source 1 states, "...." Which word matches this definition: To guess with the lack of evidence? Speculate When citing text evidence you use quotation marks "___? -All the time -True Which of the following is an appropriate text evidence sentence starter? - Because..... -According to the text... Textual evidence requires details that provide ___ for your answer? support Ineffective coping is a common DX for a pt/ a CVA. Evidence of this problem would be? Refusal to go to PT. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse? gathers, organizes & documents data in a logical database. What is the basis of the nursing process? Identified physiologic and psychologic needs of the patient. The nurse assesses a client's legs. Which assessment finding indicates arterial insufficiency? Thin and shiny and absence of hair. RN is completing a basic health assessment. Which questions should be asked by an environmentally focused RN? "What jobs have you held longest?" When caring for a client with bipolar and alcohol dependency, which is a priority assessment? Mental status Nursing diagnosis B. Etiology (R/T) How does the nurse get a diagnosis? Analyze the assessment data Which is an example of a nursing diagnosis? Impaired skin integrity Developing appropriate nursing interventions relies on the appropriateness of the ___ diagnosis. Nursing The planning step of the nursing process involves? Setting priorities and creating a care plan FROM the patient's goals. The evaluation step of the nursing process involves? Deciding if goals were met In the nursing process, what is the evaluation phase evaluating? Was the goal/outcome met? Nursing process requires assessing, analyzing, (set client goals) planning, implementing and ___? Evaluating Which should be assessed prior to planning a health promotion program for a middle-aged adult? What motivates you to learn something new? A public health agency is planning to implement the electronic health record. Which of the following is benefit? Facilitation of interprofessional care. A RN is new to the community he/she- planning immediately for health promotion programs. Which program should be the 1st? Cardiac health education programs. RN plans to decrease the risk for depression among older adults. Which of the interventions should the RN implement? Organize healthy activities at the local senior citizen center. Nursing diagnosis includes: Statement of client health status. Nursing behaviors that reflect caring include? (Mult-sel) -Empathy -Respect -Autonomy Assessment in the Nursing Process includes: (Mult-Sel) -Categorizing of Data -Utilization of systematic & ongoing process -Collecting & recording data The planning step of the nursing process involves Setting priorities and creating a care plan. Once the nursing plan has been initiated, the nursing care plan will: Change as the patient's condition changes. The nurse clarifies that nursing orders are also called? interventions The final step of the nursing process is? Evaluation The implementation step of the nursing process involves? Putting the care plan into action Select the correct order of the Nursing Process Assessment, Diagnosis, Plan, Intervention, Evaluation What is the basis of the nursing process? Identified physiologic and psychologic needs of the patient. Implementation of the nursing process includes all but Started at time of discharge. Once the nursing plan has been initiated, the nursing care plan will: Change as the patient's condition changes The nurse clarifies that nursing orders are also called? Interventions The planning step of the nursing process involves? Setting goals and creating a care plan. Once the nursing plan has been initiated, the nursing care plan will: Change as the patient's condition changes. The first step to solving a problem is to Define it What is the overall goal of nursing care during the intraoperative phase? Client safety What is a goal? A desired result or purpose toward which one is working. What is a ineffective goal? If you fail to obtain a goal. Which part of the nursing process involves after setting goals then create a care plan? Planning Which phase of the nursing process involves setting priorites and goals? Planning SMART goals are: -Specific -Achievable -Measurable Which goals works the best? Realistic Which of the following is an accurate description of focused nursing assessment? Focus on patient's response The nursing process is a sequential method of problem solving and includes which steps? Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation. The PH RN is planning to implement secondary level prevention for adolescents. Which action should the RN take? Partner with a local clinic to provide free screening for STDs. The nursing process is a sequential method of problem solving and includes which steps? Assessment, Diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation. This level of prevention is a primary prevention? Hepatitis B vaccination The epidemiologic triangle consists of 3 major factors: host, agent, and ____. Environment A person likely to get sick is a ___ host. susceptible Name an example of a potential bioterrism agent Smallpox What are the 3 parts of the epidemiologic triangle? Host, agent, and environment. A public health nurse (PHN) uses the epidemiological triangle to understand? The environment that brings an agent and host together. In the epidemiology triangle what is the cause of a disease or the causative organism? Agent Which of the following best describes the primary difference between the parish nursing positions? Affiliation with a church or congregation. parish Nursing Holistic approach to nursing care in the congregation of faith. What is a common risk of teen pregnancy? Low Birth Weight What is a consequence of teen pregnancy? -Financial Struggle -Teen mothers are less likely to get prenatal care -Teen mothers are less likely to graduate from high school. Which are risk factors of teen homelessness? -Substance abuse -Multiple sex partners -STD's Case Fatality Rate # of deaths from specific disease in a given period divided by # diagnosed. Case Fatality Rate is? How many people die from a particular disease. A nurse would suspect to see the highest prevalence of high blood pressure in which group? African American Prevalence is the total number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition? True Prevalence is defined as? Number of illness cases in a population in a specified time. Which of the following is the primary focus of hospice care? Providing care to maintain comfort and Dignity until Death. What best explains the care connection between the nurse and Mexican immigrants. -Offer care that helps them feel valued. -Time for chit-chat and physical touch when they are receiving treatment. A Mexican woman is being admitted for abdominal surgery. Which question should the nurse ask? Where is your family so I can give them updates? Choose the primary level of prevention at the individual level. -Dietary teaching during pregnancy -Teaching about meal planning to prevent. Define Primary Prevention Actions that prevent the initial occurrence of disease or illness. Which example is Secondary Prevention: Healthy Promotion and Illness Prevention - Screening for early detection of disease w/ prompt diagnosis. -Healthy eating survey. What services are considered to be secondary in health and social care? -Dental Cleaning -Gynecologist Which of the following services implemented by nurses would represent secondary prevention? A free diabetes screening held at the local shopping mall. An example of tertiary prevention is? Conducting a therapy group w/ resident of a home for severely mentally ill. Which description is tertiary prevention? Treating the Disease Levels of prevention-What is tertiary prevention? Maintenance and care after disease has been diagnosed Which of the following activities is an example of tertiary prevention? Providing treatment for a patient who has a chronic disease. Professional Negligence is also called? -Malpractice -Failure to act reasonable under the circumstances led to injuries. Professional misconduct that results in harm to another; professional negligence Malpractice In outcome identification outcomes should be? Realistic and measurable, long and short term goals. Another term used for Outcome Identification is ? -Patient Outcome -Patient-Centered Goal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality is a? Government Organization Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality -Made to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare for Americans. -Made to improve the quality and safety of healthcare for Americans. The AHRQ (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) is responsible for? -Safety of healthcare through measuring quality indicators -Improving the quality What is the main job of the World Health Organization? Works to improve overall global health. What is/are the goal(s) of the World Health Organization? -Monitoring adverse drug reactions -Fostering collaboration for public health initiatives btw countries. -Establishing standards for vaccinations. -Disseminate biomedical research What is/are the goal(s) of the World Health Organization? -Providing information on internationally occurring diseases. -Fostering the collaboration for public health initiatives between countries. -Establish standards for vaccinations. Sophie weighs 15.3 kg. Calculate her weight in pounds. 33.66 lbs. How do you calculate your resting heart rate? Count the beats for 10 seconds and multiply by 6. Use the label to calculate the correct dose. Order: Fentanyl 125 mcg= ____ML 2.5 mL Order- Heparin 50,000Units/mL, on hand 10,000 Units/mL how many mL do you draw up? 0.2 Sandostatin 250 mcg subcut daily. Available Sandostatin 500 mcg/mL/ How many mL will you give? 0.5 mL Choose the evidence-based health care decisions for Healthy People 2030? -Increase social marketing health promotion and disease prevention - Emergency risk and crisis messages to protect public health. Healthy People 2020 is? -Goals to improve the health and eliminate health disparities. -Part of the Department of Health and Human Services. What is the purpose of Healthy People 2020? Emphasizes health promotion and disease prevention School nurses and healthy people 2030 objectives? -Maintain and/or increase vaccination coverage levels for school age children. -Reduce the # of school days missed among persons with current asthma. Healthy people 2020 objectives related to Cultural issues? -Decrease number of individuals who are unable to obtain dental care. -Reduce the proportion of individuals who are unable to obtain care. Healthy People 2020 objectives related to Environmental Health -Reduce the amount of toxic pollutants released into the environment. -Eliminate increased blood lead levels in children and reduce indoor allergen levels. Healthy People 2020 objectives for communicable disease? -Reduce gonorrhea and Chlamydia infection rates -Reduce hepatitis B and new hepatitis C infections Choose Healthy People 2020 Goals (Select all that apply) -Create social and physical environments that promote good healthy for all. -Promote quality of life, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. -Promote healthy development, across all life stages. Which is the Epidemiologic Objective(s) in Healthy People 2020 Decrease invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections Disaster mitigation and Healthy People 2020 objectives. -Reduce infections caused by key pathogens transmitted commonly through food. -Increase # of crisis and emergency risk messages, intended to protect. Healthy People 2020 related to occupational health -Reduce rate of work-related injuries and illness cases -Reduce work-related assault and homicides. Which goals provide the framework which measurable health indicators can be tracked? -Achieve healthy equity and improve the health of all groups. -Eliminate disparities and improve the health of all groups. Choose the Healthy People 2020 objectives related to access to health services. -Increase the proportion of practicing primary care providers. -Increase the proportion of insured persons. Healthy People 202 objectives provide a framework for Prevention What's one of the goals for healthy people 2020? Reducing the overweight and obesity rates in america. Healthy people 2020 educational objectives emphasize the important of educating which population? -Provide education to prevent suicide for school age children. -Local health dept that has set up cultural disease prevention What's one of the overarching goals for healthy people 2020? -Eliminate preventable disease, disability injury, and premature death. -Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life. Healthy people 2020 educational objectives emphasize the importance of educating which population -Local health dept that set up community health promotion for all cultures -Provide education to college students on health-risk behaviors. Healthy People 2020 educational objectives emphasize the important of educating which population -Employees about health promotion programs offered at work. -Provide education to prevent healthy problems in school age children. Community oriented Nursing? About evaluating the risks of individuals families and groups. Community Based Nursing? Managing chronic illness, involves the individual in decision making, and focuses on family members over a lifespan Population focused Practice Primary goal is the prevention of disease and disability Advance Practice Nurses The direct reimbursement... in the Medicare program is one example of how nurses can use their influence. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Is the led federal agency charged with improving the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for all Americans. American Nurses Association Part of this organization's mission is to work for the improvement of health standards and the availability of healthcare services Block Grants Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services Boards of Nursing May be found either in the department of licensing boards of the health department or in an administrative agency of the Governers office. Made up of nurses and consumers. Categroical Programs and Fundings led to special and more narrowly focused nursing roles. This is the designation of money for specific needs. Constitutional law derives from federal and stat constitutions. Provides overall guidance for selected practice situations. Devolution The process of shifting the responsibility for planning, delivering, and financing programs from the federal level to the states. Healthy Policy In contrast is a set course of action to obtain a desired health outcome for an individual, group, community, or society. Policies are made not only by governments, but, also by such institutions as a health department or other health care agency, a family, a community, or a professional organization. Judicial Law Has a great impact on nursing. Based on court or jury decisions. Law a system of privileges and processes by which people solve problems based on a set of established rules; it is intended to minimize the use of force. Legislation Law that cones from the legislative branches of federal, state, or local government. Referred to as statue law because coded in the statutes of a government. Legislative Staff The people within geographic jurisdictions elect their legislative representatives and senators. This individual does the legwork, research, paperwork, and other activities that move policy ideas into bills and then into law. Licensure The nurse practice act of each state accomplishes at least four functions: defining the practice of professional nursing, identifying the scope of nursing, setting educational qualifications and other requirements. National Institute of Nursing Research Is a part of the NIH and, as such, provides a substantial sum of money to the discipline of nursing for the purpose of developing the knowledge base of nursing and promoting nursing services in health care. Nurse practice act The functions of this board of nursing are described in the nurse practice act of each state and generally include licensing and examination of RNs and licensed practical nurses; licensing and/or certification of advanced practice nurses; approval of schools of nursing in the state; revocation, suspension, or defying of licenses; and writing the regulations about nursing practice and education. Occupational Safety and Healthy Administration a governmental agency with the responsibility for regulatory and enforcement of safety and health matters for most US employees Office of Homeland Security A new federal agency created to address the threat of domestic terrorism and to help restore public confidence after 9/11. Policy Power Allows states to act to protect the health, safety, and welfare of their citizens. Must be used fairly, and the state must show that it has compelling interest in taking actions, especially actions that might infringe on individual rights. Policy Is a settled course if action, which could be a law, a regulation, or a voluntary practice to be followed by a government or institution to obtain a desired end. Politics Is the art of influencing others to accept a specific course of action. Therefore, political activities are used to arrive at a course of action. Public Policy Described as all governmental activities, direct or indirect, that influence the lives of all citizens. Regulations specific statements of law related to defining or implanting individual pieces of legislation or statue law. US Department of Health and Human Services a national agency that deals with the health problems in the United States World Health Organization Established in 1946, its goal is to attain the highest possible level of health for all persons. Provides services worldwide to promote health, it coordinates the collaborating efforts between countries and the disseminating of biomedical research. WHO proves which benefits for all countries? -A day to day info service on the occurrence of internationally important diseases. -The publishing of the international list of causers of disease, injury, and death -Monitoring of adverse reactions to drugs -Establishing of world standards for antibiotics and vaccines. Laws govern? the relationships of individuals and organizations with other individuals and with government. Through political action a policy may become a law, a regulation, a judicial ruling, a decision, or an order. Most legal bases for the actions of Congress in health care are found in article 1 section 8 of the us constitution which include -provide for the general welfare -regulate funds to support the military -raise funds to support the military -provide spending power. Federal, state, and local governments carry out five health care functions direct services financing information policy setting public protection Federal government provide? Health care to members and dependents of the military, certain veterans, and federal prisoners. State and local governments employ nurses to deliver a variety of services to individuals and families, frequently on the basis of factors such as financial need or the need for a particular service such as hypertension, TB or COVID-19 screening, immunizations for children and older adults, and primary care for inmates in local jails or state prisons Policy Setting Chief governmental function. Governments at all levels and within all branches make policy decisions about health care. The Sheppard-Towner Act The first federal social welfare law, passed in 1921, providing federal funds for infant and maternity care. Public Protection Provide for the protection of the public's health. This function is carried out in numerous venues, such as by regulating air and water quality and protecting the borders from the influx of diseases by controlling food, drugs, and animal transportation. WHO benefits all countries by - A day to day information service on the occurance of internationally important diseases -The publishing of the international list of causes of disease, injury, and death -Monitoring of adverse reactions to drugs -Establishing of world standards for antibiotics and vaccines. Nurses serve as? Consultants, educators, and program planners and evaluators. Focus their work on a variety of public health issues, including the health care workforce and education, environment, sanitation, infectious diseases, wellness promotion, maternal and child health and primary care. USDHHS (US Department of Health and Human Services) is the agency most heavily involved with the health and welfare of US citizens. CDC serve as the national focus for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the US CDC seeks to accomplish its mission by -To provide health security -to detect and investigate health threats -To tackle the biggest health problems causing death and disability -To conduct research that will enhance prevention -To promote healthy and safe behaviors, communities, and environments. -TO develop leaders and train the public health workforce, including disease detectives. -To develop and advocate sound public health policies. -To implement prevention strategies -To promote healthy behaviors -To foster sage and healthful environments -to provide leadership and training. NIH World's foremost biomedical research centers, and the federal focus point for biomedical research in the US. Goal is to acquire new knowledge to help prevent, detect, diagnose, and treat disease and disability, from the rarest genetic disorder to the common cold. NINR focal point of the nations nursing research activities and promotes growth and quality of research in nursing and client care, provides leadership, expands pool of experienced researchers, and interacts with other bases of health care Goal of NINR To promote and improve the health of individuals, families, communities, and populations. AHRQ committed to improving care safety and quality by developing, successful partnerships and generating the knowledge and tools required for long-term improvement Promote measurable improvements in health care in America. The outcomes are gauged in terms of improved quality of life and client outcomes, lives saved, and value gained for what we spend. CMS Administered Medicare and Medicaid accounts, guided payment policy, and delivery rules for services for millions of Americans. Performs a number of quality-focused health care or health related activities including regulating of laboratory testing, developing coverage policies, and improving quality of care. Maintains oversight of the surveying and certifying of nursing homes and continuing care providers. Makes available to beneficiaries, providers, researchers, and state surveyors' information about these activities and nursing home quality. Department of Defense Delivers health care to members of the military to their dependents and survivors, to the National Guard and reserve members, and to retired members and their families. Department of Labor House the Occupational Health and Safety Agency, which imposes workplace requirements on industries. Department of Agriculture House the Food and Nutrition service, which oversees a variety of food assistance activities. This service collaborates with state and local government welfare agencies to provide food stamps to needy persons to increase their food purchasing power. Other programs include school breakfast and lunch programs, WIC, and grants to states for nutrition education and training. Department of Justice Health services to federal prisoners are administered with this department. The medical and Services Division of the Bureau of Prisons include? Meical, psychiatric, dental, and health support services with community standards in a correctional environment. Provides forensic services to the courts, including a range of evaluative mental health studies outline in federal statutes. Offers community-based facilities that provide work and opportunities to assist offenders. State and local health officaials report that employees in public health agencies lack skills in the core sciences of public health, and that this has hindered their effectiveness. The lack of specialized education and skill is a significant barrier to population-based preventive care and the delivery of quality health care to the public. At the local and state levels Coordinating health efforts between health department and other county or city departments is essential. Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (PAHPA) intended to improve the organization, direction, and utility of preparedness efforts. Centralizes federal responsibilities, requires state-based accountability, proposes new national surveillance methods, addresses surge capacity, and facilitates the development of vaccines and other scarce resources. Definitions of law include the following? -A rule established by authority, society, or custom. -The body of rules governing the affairs of people, communities, states, corporations, and nations. -A set of rules or customs governing a discrete field or activity. The state boards of nursing operationalize, implement, and enforce the statutory law by writing explicit statements on what It means to be an RN, and on the nurse's rights and responsibilities in delegating work to others and in meeting continuing education requirements. All nurses employed in community settings are? Subject to legislation and regulations. Laws specific to nursing practice? -The statutory authority for the profession and its scope of practice, and the second is professional negligence or malpractice. Scope of Practice Involves defining nursing, setting its credentials, and then distinguishing between the practices of nurses, physicians, and other health care providers. To recover money damages in a malpractice action, the client must prove all of the following -The nurse owed a duty to the client or was respible for the clients care. -The duty to act the way a reasonable, prudent nurse would act in the same circumstances was not fulfilled. -The failure to act reasonable under the circumstances led to the alleged injuries. -The injuries provided the basis for a monetary claim from the nurse as compensation for the injury. Nurses employed by health departments or boards of education may deliver? School and family health nursing. Establishes a minimum of services that must be provided to children in public and private schools. Occupational Health The state workers compensation statues, which provide the legal foundation for claims of workers injured on the job. Access to records, confidentiality, and the use of standing orders are legal issues that have great practice significance to nurses employed in industries. Correctional Health - laws relate to type and amount of services that must be provided - basic levels of care must be provided for prisoners - access to care during illness