LEMONE AND BURKE'S MEDICAL-
SURGICAL NURSING
CLINICAL REASONING IN PATIENT CARE
7TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)GERENE BAULDOFF RN,
PHD, FAAN; PAULA GUBRUD;
MARGARET CARNO
TEST BANK
Question 1 – MCQ
Clinical Scenario
A newly licensed nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-
surgical unit. During shift report, the nurse receives information
about each patient and begins determining priorities for care.
Question Stem
,Which action best demonstrates clinical reasoning in nursing
practice?
Answer Options
A. Following the care plan exactly as written without
modification
B. Prioritizing patient care based on assessment findings and
changing conditions
C. Completing documentation before assessing assigned
patients
D. Performing tasks in the order requested by coworkers
Correct Answer
B. Prioritizing patient care based on assessment findings and
changing conditions
Detailed Rationale
Clinical reasoning is the cognitive process nurses use to collect
cues, analyze information, prioritize problems, generate
solutions, take action, and evaluate outcomes. Prioritizing care
according to changing patient conditions reflects active clinical
judgment and patient-centered decision-making. Effective
nurses continually reassess and adapt interventions to meet
patient needs safely.
Incorrect Option Analysis
A. Incorrect. Following a plan without reassessment ignores
changing patient conditions and may compromise safety.
,C. Incorrect. Assessment precedes documentation. Delaying
assessment can postpone recognition of deterioration.
D. Incorrect. Nursing priorities should be guided by patient
needs rather than coworker requests.
Nursing Process Linkage
Assessment
NCJMM Competencies
Recognize Cues
Analyze Cues
Prioritize Hypotheses
Clinical Reasoning Focus
Priority Setting
Difficulty Level
Easy
Bloom's Level
Apply
NCLEX Client Needs Category
Management of Care
Key Learning Objective
Apply clinical reasoning principles to prioritize patient care
safely.
, Question 2 – SATA
Clinical Scenario
A nurse educator is reviewing the QSEN competencies with
newly hired nurses during orientation.
Question Stem
Which competencies support safe and effective healthcare?
(Select all that apply.)
Answer Options
A. Patient-centered care
B. Teamwork and collaboration
C. Quality improvement
D. Informatics
E. Evidence-based practice
F. Independent physician decision-making
Correct Answers
A, B, C, D, E
Detailed Rationale
Core competencies for modern healthcare include patient-
centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based
practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics. These
competencies promote optimal patient outcomes and reduce
healthcare errors.
SURGICAL NURSING
CLINICAL REASONING IN PATIENT CARE
7TH EDITION
AUTHOR(S)GERENE BAULDOFF RN,
PHD, FAAN; PAULA GUBRUD;
MARGARET CARNO
TEST BANK
Question 1 – MCQ
Clinical Scenario
A newly licensed nurse is caring for four patients on a medical-
surgical unit. During shift report, the nurse receives information
about each patient and begins determining priorities for care.
Question Stem
,Which action best demonstrates clinical reasoning in nursing
practice?
Answer Options
A. Following the care plan exactly as written without
modification
B. Prioritizing patient care based on assessment findings and
changing conditions
C. Completing documentation before assessing assigned
patients
D. Performing tasks in the order requested by coworkers
Correct Answer
B. Prioritizing patient care based on assessment findings and
changing conditions
Detailed Rationale
Clinical reasoning is the cognitive process nurses use to collect
cues, analyze information, prioritize problems, generate
solutions, take action, and evaluate outcomes. Prioritizing care
according to changing patient conditions reflects active clinical
judgment and patient-centered decision-making. Effective
nurses continually reassess and adapt interventions to meet
patient needs safely.
Incorrect Option Analysis
A. Incorrect. Following a plan without reassessment ignores
changing patient conditions and may compromise safety.
,C. Incorrect. Assessment precedes documentation. Delaying
assessment can postpone recognition of deterioration.
D. Incorrect. Nursing priorities should be guided by patient
needs rather than coworker requests.
Nursing Process Linkage
Assessment
NCJMM Competencies
Recognize Cues
Analyze Cues
Prioritize Hypotheses
Clinical Reasoning Focus
Priority Setting
Difficulty Level
Easy
Bloom's Level
Apply
NCLEX Client Needs Category
Management of Care
Key Learning Objective
Apply clinical reasoning principles to prioritize patient care
safely.
, Question 2 – SATA
Clinical Scenario
A nurse educator is reviewing the QSEN competencies with
newly hired nurses during orientation.
Question Stem
Which competencies support safe and effective healthcare?
(Select all that apply.)
Answer Options
A. Patient-centered care
B. Teamwork and collaboration
C. Quality improvement
D. Informatics
E. Evidence-based practice
F. Independent physician decision-making
Correct Answers
A, B, C, D, E
Detailed Rationale
Core competencies for modern healthcare include patient-
centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based
practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics. These
competencies promote optimal patient outcomes and reduce
healthcare errors.
