INTERNATIONAL LAW 2026 CERTIFICATION
REVIEW SHEET ACCURATE SOLUTION KEY
◉ Sources of International Law (3 and in order)
Answer: Treaty
Customary IL
General Principles of IL
ICJ Precedent
ARTICLE 38!
◉ In the case of lacunae what will a court do?
Answer: Article 38(1)(c) of the ICJ authorizes Court to draw upon
general principles of law to fill gaps left by conventional and
customary law
◉ Jus cogens
Answer: a norm thought to be so fundamental that it even
invalidates rules drawn from treaty of custom
Compelling law
Modern form of natural law
◉ Article 53 of the Vienna Convention
, Answer: A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts
with a peremptory norm of general international law
◉ Foreign Relations Law
Answer: Relationship between international law and municipal law
◉ Article 55 of the UN Charter
Answer: Reaffirms fundamental human rights
◉ Presumption against use of the ICJ overcome when? (3)
Answer: (1) when two or more states agree to engage the Court
more or less as an arbiter
(2) when a single state, looking to the political capital to be made
from using the Court as a public forum, relies on a form of
compulsory jurisdiction to make a recalcitrant state a party to a
Court proceeding
(3) when an international organization requests an advisory opinion
from the Court.
◉ Compromis
Answer: A special agreement by which states refer a specific dispute
to the ICJ or an arbitral tribunal
Confers jurisdiction but also defines the legal question before the
judges for the ICJ
REVIEW SHEET ACCURATE SOLUTION KEY
◉ Sources of International Law (3 and in order)
Answer: Treaty
Customary IL
General Principles of IL
ICJ Precedent
ARTICLE 38!
◉ In the case of lacunae what will a court do?
Answer: Article 38(1)(c) of the ICJ authorizes Court to draw upon
general principles of law to fill gaps left by conventional and
customary law
◉ Jus cogens
Answer: a norm thought to be so fundamental that it even
invalidates rules drawn from treaty of custom
Compelling law
Modern form of natural law
◉ Article 53 of the Vienna Convention
, Answer: A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts
with a peremptory norm of general international law
◉ Foreign Relations Law
Answer: Relationship between international law and municipal law
◉ Article 55 of the UN Charter
Answer: Reaffirms fundamental human rights
◉ Presumption against use of the ICJ overcome when? (3)
Answer: (1) when two or more states agree to engage the Court
more or less as an arbiter
(2) when a single state, looking to the political capital to be made
from using the Court as a public forum, relies on a form of
compulsory jurisdiction to make a recalcitrant state a party to a
Court proceeding
(3) when an international organization requests an advisory opinion
from the Court.
◉ Compromis
Answer: A special agreement by which states refer a specific dispute
to the ICJ or an arbitral tribunal
Confers jurisdiction but also defines the legal question before the
judges for the ICJ
