NUR 611 EXAM
NUR 611 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Which body system is responsible for conserving energy and body
resources ANS >> Parasympathetic nervous system
which system responds to stress by preparing the body to defend itself
ANS >> Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
how is blood flow redistributed by the sympathetic nervous system
(SNS) ANS >> blood flow to the muscles is increased while blood flow to
GI and integumentary is decreased
how are primary brain injuries classified ANS >> focal or diffuse (aka
multifocal)
focal brain injuries ANS >> specific, grossly observable brain lesions that
occur in a precise location
,NUR 611 EXAM
Epidural and subdural haemorrhages
diffuse brain injuries ANS >> include brain injury due to hypoxia,
meningitis, encephalitis, and damage to blood vessels
The brain is confined in a limited space so increased pressure can cause
collateral dysfunction: Diabetes Insipidus (ADH not secreted thus
polyuria)
autonomic hyperreflexia ANS >> affected at the t5-t6 level or above;
characterized by paroxysmal HTN (up to 300 mmHg systolic), a
pounding headache, blurred vision, sweating above the level of the
lesion with flushing of the skin, nasal congestion, nausea, piloerection
caused by pilomotor spasm, and bradycardia (30-40 beats/min)
location of lesions in cases of autonomic hyperreflexia ANS >> individual
most likely to be affected have lesions at the T5-T6 level or above
sequence of events that lead to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia ANS >>
bradycardia (30-40bpm) is a six of hyperreflexia
Stimulation of the carotid sinus -->vague nerve -->sinoatrial (SA) node.
The intact ANS reflexively responds with an arteriolar spasm that
increases blood pressure. Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels, the
carotid sinus, and the aorta sense the HTN and stimulate the PNS. The
heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral vessels do not
dilate because efferent impulses cannot pass through the cord
, NUR 611 EXAM
Alzheimer's disease ANS >> leading cause of dementia and one of the
most common causes of severe cognitive dysfunction in older adults
what are the greatest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease ANS >> age,
family history
what are the proposed protective factors for Alzheimer's disease ANS >>
low calorie diets, estrogen replacement at time of menopause, NSAIDs,
physical activity, antioxidants, the presence of apoE2
what genetic susceptibility tests are used to screen for early-onset AD
ANS >> PSEN 1 (presenilin) on chromosome 14, PSEN 2, and APP
(amyloid precursor protein) on chromosome 21
When can a specific diagnosis of AD be given ANS >> postmortem
examination
what is the single greatest risk factor for stroke ANS >> hypertension
(87% of occurrences)
what are common risk factors for stroke ANS >> arterial HTN, insulin
resistance and DM, elevated cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein
(HDL), elevated lipoprotein- A level, Haemorrhagic, congestive heart
disease and PVD, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, polycythaemia and
thrombocythemia, a-fib, postmenopausal hormone therapy, high
NUR 611 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Which body system is responsible for conserving energy and body
resources ANS >> Parasympathetic nervous system
which system responds to stress by preparing the body to defend itself
ANS >> Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
how is blood flow redistributed by the sympathetic nervous system
(SNS) ANS >> blood flow to the muscles is increased while blood flow to
GI and integumentary is decreased
how are primary brain injuries classified ANS >> focal or diffuse (aka
multifocal)
focal brain injuries ANS >> specific, grossly observable brain lesions that
occur in a precise location
,NUR 611 EXAM
Epidural and subdural haemorrhages
diffuse brain injuries ANS >> include brain injury due to hypoxia,
meningitis, encephalitis, and damage to blood vessels
The brain is confined in a limited space so increased pressure can cause
collateral dysfunction: Diabetes Insipidus (ADH not secreted thus
polyuria)
autonomic hyperreflexia ANS >> affected at the t5-t6 level or above;
characterized by paroxysmal HTN (up to 300 mmHg systolic), a
pounding headache, blurred vision, sweating above the level of the
lesion with flushing of the skin, nasal congestion, nausea, piloerection
caused by pilomotor spasm, and bradycardia (30-40 beats/min)
location of lesions in cases of autonomic hyperreflexia ANS >> individual
most likely to be affected have lesions at the T5-T6 level or above
sequence of events that lead to hyperreflexia induced bradycardia ANS >>
bradycardia (30-40bpm) is a six of hyperreflexia
Stimulation of the carotid sinus -->vague nerve -->sinoatrial (SA) node.
The intact ANS reflexively responds with an arteriolar spasm that
increases blood pressure. Baroreceptors in the cerebral vessels, the
carotid sinus, and the aorta sense the HTN and stimulate the PNS. The
heart rate decreases, but the visceral and peripheral vessels do not
dilate because efferent impulses cannot pass through the cord
, NUR 611 EXAM
Alzheimer's disease ANS >> leading cause of dementia and one of the
most common causes of severe cognitive dysfunction in older adults
what are the greatest risk factors for Alzheimer's disease ANS >> age,
family history
what are the proposed protective factors for Alzheimer's disease ANS >>
low calorie diets, estrogen replacement at time of menopause, NSAIDs,
physical activity, antioxidants, the presence of apoE2
what genetic susceptibility tests are used to screen for early-onset AD
ANS >> PSEN 1 (presenilin) on chromosome 14, PSEN 2, and APP
(amyloid precursor protein) on chromosome 21
When can a specific diagnosis of AD be given ANS >> postmortem
examination
what is the single greatest risk factor for stroke ANS >> hypertension
(87% of occurrences)
what are common risk factors for stroke ANS >> arterial HTN, insulin
resistance and DM, elevated cholesterol or low high-density lipoprotein
(HDL), elevated lipoprotein- A level, Haemorrhagic, congestive heart
disease and PVD, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, polycythaemia and
thrombocythemia, a-fib, postmenopausal hormone therapy, high
