NUTR 1503 MIDTERM 1 STUDY GUIDE
Nutrient - Answers - Need it
Essential nutrient - Answers - Body can't make it
Storage of nutrients - Answers - Some can be stored for long, others not - C & B
vitamins can't be stored at all.
Nutrient Requirement - Answers - Smallest amount required to maintain a certain level
of health
Hunger vs. Appetite - Answers - What we eat, when, vs. psychological desire for food
(can exist without hunger)
Energy Dense Foods - Answers - Huge amount of energy in small packages
6 Classes of Nutrients - Answers - 3 Macro: carb (4), protein (4), fat (9), 3 Micro:
Vitamins, Minerals, Water
Alcohol - Answers - Not a nutrient, but 7kcal/gram
What do Macronutrients do? - Answers - Directly produce energy
What do Micronutrients do? - Answers - Indirectly produce energy
Macronutrient storage - Answers - carb- glycogen (1hrs worth), protein-NO storage, fat-
LOTS
Trends in past 50 yrs - Answers - Less meat, fish, eggs, more total grains
% Intake from "other" category - Answers - 25% (chips, pop, candy- junk)
Obesity stats 2014 - Answers - 65% adult men, 50% adult women, child obesity more
than tripled
Why is obesity a policy crisis? - Answers - no intervention has ever successfully lowered
obesity
7 guidelines of new food guide - Answers - 1- Mind
2-Cook
3-Enjoy
4-Together
5-Labels
, 6-Limit high sugar, salt, sat fat
7-Food marketing
Non-nutrients - Answers - Alcohol, pigments (lycopene, beta carotene), sterols,
zoochemicals, flavonoids, resveratrol
Best way to diet - Answers - small changes, I thing, master it, move on
Does diet help with disease? - Answers - If genetic less, if lifestyle more
Core nutrients on food labels - Answers - fat, sat fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium,
carbs, fibre, sugars, protein, vit A, C, Calcium, Iron
Exceptions to food labeling - Answers - Farmers' markets, roadside stands, fairs, fresh
fruit & veg, alcohol, spices & coffee, 1 bite desserts
"Lite" vs. "Excellent source of" - Answers - Unregulated, regulated
Organic - Answers - no antibio, hormones, synth fert or pest, non GMO, iodizing
radiation
BMI - Answers - wt (kg)/ht(m)2 (18.5, 24.9, 29.9, 34.9, 39.9)
AMDR - Answers - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges- percentage of
calories that should come from each macro group (carbs 45-65%, fat 20-35, prot 10-35)
Epidemiology - Answers - study of disease on population level
Sweet spot for protein - Answers - .8g of protein per kilo of ideal body weight
Protected Titles - Answers - Registered Dietician, Nutritionist
Joseph Goldberger - Answers - GOLDEN discovery- Beriberi (rice), Limey's (scurvy),
dementia & insanity in US (corn B vit)
DRI: RDA vs. AI vs. EAR - Answers - Dietary Reference Intake (all nutrients, vary by
age and gender), RDA- recommended dietary allowance (micronutrients), AI- Adequate
intake (if can't RDA or EAR)- ex: avg intake of healthy pop, EAR- estimated average
requirement (population studies)
DRI vs. RDI - Answers - Dietary Reference intakes vs. Recommended daily intakes (on
food labels)
Bioavailability - Answers - % nutrient makes it into body (sodium high, iron low)
When is food considered truly in your body - Answers - in your blood, not GI tract
Nutrient - Answers - Need it
Essential nutrient - Answers - Body can't make it
Storage of nutrients - Answers - Some can be stored for long, others not - C & B
vitamins can't be stored at all.
Nutrient Requirement - Answers - Smallest amount required to maintain a certain level
of health
Hunger vs. Appetite - Answers - What we eat, when, vs. psychological desire for food
(can exist without hunger)
Energy Dense Foods - Answers - Huge amount of energy in small packages
6 Classes of Nutrients - Answers - 3 Macro: carb (4), protein (4), fat (9), 3 Micro:
Vitamins, Minerals, Water
Alcohol - Answers - Not a nutrient, but 7kcal/gram
What do Macronutrients do? - Answers - Directly produce energy
What do Micronutrients do? - Answers - Indirectly produce energy
Macronutrient storage - Answers - carb- glycogen (1hrs worth), protein-NO storage, fat-
LOTS
Trends in past 50 yrs - Answers - Less meat, fish, eggs, more total grains
% Intake from "other" category - Answers - 25% (chips, pop, candy- junk)
Obesity stats 2014 - Answers - 65% adult men, 50% adult women, child obesity more
than tripled
Why is obesity a policy crisis? - Answers - no intervention has ever successfully lowered
obesity
7 guidelines of new food guide - Answers - 1- Mind
2-Cook
3-Enjoy
4-Together
5-Labels
, 6-Limit high sugar, salt, sat fat
7-Food marketing
Non-nutrients - Answers - Alcohol, pigments (lycopene, beta carotene), sterols,
zoochemicals, flavonoids, resveratrol
Best way to diet - Answers - small changes, I thing, master it, move on
Does diet help with disease? - Answers - If genetic less, if lifestyle more
Core nutrients on food labels - Answers - fat, sat fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium,
carbs, fibre, sugars, protein, vit A, C, Calcium, Iron
Exceptions to food labeling - Answers - Farmers' markets, roadside stands, fairs, fresh
fruit & veg, alcohol, spices & coffee, 1 bite desserts
"Lite" vs. "Excellent source of" - Answers - Unregulated, regulated
Organic - Answers - no antibio, hormones, synth fert or pest, non GMO, iodizing
radiation
BMI - Answers - wt (kg)/ht(m)2 (18.5, 24.9, 29.9, 34.9, 39.9)
AMDR - Answers - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges- percentage of
calories that should come from each macro group (carbs 45-65%, fat 20-35, prot 10-35)
Epidemiology - Answers - study of disease on population level
Sweet spot for protein - Answers - .8g of protein per kilo of ideal body weight
Protected Titles - Answers - Registered Dietician, Nutritionist
Joseph Goldberger - Answers - GOLDEN discovery- Beriberi (rice), Limey's (scurvy),
dementia & insanity in US (corn B vit)
DRI: RDA vs. AI vs. EAR - Answers - Dietary Reference Intake (all nutrients, vary by
age and gender), RDA- recommended dietary allowance (micronutrients), AI- Adequate
intake (if can't RDA or EAR)- ex: avg intake of healthy pop, EAR- estimated average
requirement (population studies)
DRI vs. RDI - Answers - Dietary Reference intakes vs. Recommended daily intakes (on
food labels)
Bioavailability - Answers - % nutrient makes it into body (sodium high, iron low)
When is food considered truly in your body - Answers - in your blood, not GI tract
