BIO 411 EXAM COMBINED STUDY SET QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS – LATEST UPDATE
2026/2027 | GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS.
1035 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SG........ microbes or microorganisms are - ANSWER minute living things that
usually are too small to be seen by unaided eyes
SG............microorganisms include - ANSWER Bacterial protozoa
fungi (yeast/molds) microscopic algae,
viruses: But all are very different
SG......Miasma Theory - ANSWER disease is caused by invisible organisms
(Bad air/cloud: from putrefying carcasses, rotting vegetation or molds, and
invisible dust particles inside dwellings) or curse/supernatural*.
SG.............where microorganisms known before the invention of the microscope
- ANSWER Known before (or event after) the invention of microscope: Disease
by invisible organism,
SG.......who discovered the first microscope - ANSWER Galileo Galilei (Italian
astronomer): 1609
Zacharias Jansen (Dutch eyeglass maker/spectacles): 3-10X, 1590
Robert Hook (British Scientist): Compound microscope (1665) (~20-50X)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) ~ 1676/Dutch: Observesed and draw
shape and movement of microorganism/animacules (Bacteria, protozoa, yeast):
Father of Microscopy
SG.......animacules - ANSWER microscopic animals
,SG........microbiology the Transition Period: - ANSWER Debate over
Spontaneous Generation (Took over 200 years and many experiments to refute
the theory of Spontaneous Generation)
SG.........biogenesis - ANSWER Hypothesis that the living organisms arise
from preexisting life
SG..........beginning of spontaneous generation experiment - ANSWER
1668:Francesco Redi
•The beginnings of experimental science
•Filled 6 jars with decaying meat
SG........Francesco Redi - ANSWER This scientist disproved spontaneous
generation by showing that maggots do not spontaneously arise from decaying
meat.
from where did the maggot come? - ANSWER flies that flew into the jar
what was the purpose of the sealed jars - ANSWER to see if an isolated piece
of meat would spontaneously make the maggots
who was the first person to see bacteria in lake water/bacterial movement
ANSWER Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
how big was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek magnification - ANSWER 300x
SG.........Aristotles's doctrine of spontaneous generation. - ANSWER Hypothesis
that living organisms arise from nonliving matter; a "vital force" forms life"
SG...........what were the first two theories of microbiology history - ANSWER
theory of spontaneous generation
living organisms arise from nonliving matter
SG..........Theory of Spontaneous generation vs Biogenesis - ANSWER How
form of life came in existence?: Living organism arise spontaneously from
nonliving matters. Example dust creates fleas; maggots arise from rotting meat;
toads, snakes and mice from moist soli (There was no concept of sterile
environments).
,john needham experiment (1745) - ANSWER Heated broth in sealed
flasks.When the broth became cloudy with microrganisms, he mistakenly
concluded that they developed spontaneously from the broth
lazzaro spallanzani experiment (1765) - ANSWER was a boiled nutrient
solutions in flasks
SG.......who is the father of the microscope? and why? - ANSWER Antonie van
Leeuwenhoek because of his creation and discovery using it
SG.........Before discovery of microscope and observation of bacteria (invisible
earlier): - ANSWER Theory of Spontaneous Generation: Life arises
spontaneously from non-living material
SG...........who supported biogenesis - ANSWER lazzaro spallanzani louis
pasteur
what caused high mortality rates of mothers in the 14.9% century - ANSWER
childbed fever
childbed fever theories - ANSWER One such theory: It was caused as the result
of the "tightness of stays and petticoat bindings." Peticoats pressed the
intestines, blocked excretion, caused the body to reabsorb it waste.
Other: Inactive lifestyle, improper diet, and the attendance of friends in a small
room during delivery.
SG...........Pre- Pasteur Ignaz Semmelweis Childbed Fever Results - ANSWER
repeatedly showed a drastic drop in incidence of childbed fever, shortly;
Semmelweis instituted handwashing in a new hospital.
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AND CORRECT ANSWERS – LATEST UPDATE
2026/2027 | GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS.
1035 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SG........ microbes or microorganisms are - ANSWER minute living things that
usually are too small to be seen by unaided eyes
SG............microorganisms include - ANSWER Bacterial protozoa
fungi (yeast/molds) microscopic algae,
viruses: But all are very different
SG......Miasma Theory - ANSWER disease is caused by invisible organisms
(Bad air/cloud: from putrefying carcasses, rotting vegetation or molds, and
invisible dust particles inside dwellings) or curse/supernatural*.
SG.............where microorganisms known before the invention of the microscope
- ANSWER Known before (or event after) the invention of microscope: Disease
by invisible organism,
SG.......who discovered the first microscope - ANSWER Galileo Galilei (Italian
astronomer): 1609
Zacharias Jansen (Dutch eyeglass maker/spectacles): 3-10X, 1590
Robert Hook (British Scientist): Compound microscope (1665) (~20-50X)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) ~ 1676/Dutch: Observesed and draw
shape and movement of microorganism/animacules (Bacteria, protozoa, yeast):
Father of Microscopy
SG.......animacules - ANSWER microscopic animals
,SG........microbiology the Transition Period: - ANSWER Debate over
Spontaneous Generation (Took over 200 years and many experiments to refute
the theory of Spontaneous Generation)
SG.........biogenesis - ANSWER Hypothesis that the living organisms arise
from preexisting life
SG..........beginning of spontaneous generation experiment - ANSWER
1668:Francesco Redi
•The beginnings of experimental science
•Filled 6 jars with decaying meat
SG........Francesco Redi - ANSWER This scientist disproved spontaneous
generation by showing that maggots do not spontaneously arise from decaying
meat.
from where did the maggot come? - ANSWER flies that flew into the jar
what was the purpose of the sealed jars - ANSWER to see if an isolated piece
of meat would spontaneously make the maggots
who was the first person to see bacteria in lake water/bacterial movement
ANSWER Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
how big was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek magnification - ANSWER 300x
SG.........Aristotles's doctrine of spontaneous generation. - ANSWER Hypothesis
that living organisms arise from nonliving matter; a "vital force" forms life"
SG...........what were the first two theories of microbiology history - ANSWER
theory of spontaneous generation
living organisms arise from nonliving matter
SG..........Theory of Spontaneous generation vs Biogenesis - ANSWER How
form of life came in existence?: Living organism arise spontaneously from
nonliving matters. Example dust creates fleas; maggots arise from rotting meat;
toads, snakes and mice from moist soli (There was no concept of sterile
environments).
,john needham experiment (1745) - ANSWER Heated broth in sealed
flasks.When the broth became cloudy with microrganisms, he mistakenly
concluded that they developed spontaneously from the broth
lazzaro spallanzani experiment (1765) - ANSWER was a boiled nutrient
solutions in flasks
SG.......who is the father of the microscope? and why? - ANSWER Antonie van
Leeuwenhoek because of his creation and discovery using it
SG.........Before discovery of microscope and observation of bacteria (invisible
earlier): - ANSWER Theory of Spontaneous Generation: Life arises
spontaneously from non-living material
SG...........who supported biogenesis - ANSWER lazzaro spallanzani louis
pasteur
what caused high mortality rates of mothers in the 14.9% century - ANSWER
childbed fever
childbed fever theories - ANSWER One such theory: It was caused as the result
of the "tightness of stays and petticoat bindings." Peticoats pressed the
intestines, blocked excretion, caused the body to reabsorb it waste.
Other: Inactive lifestyle, improper diet, and the attendance of friends in a small
room during delivery.
SG...........Pre- Pasteur Ignaz Semmelweis Childbed Fever Results - ANSWER
repeatedly showed a drastic drop in incidence of childbed fever, shortly;
Semmelweis instituted handwashing in a new hospital.
, Thank you for Purchasing
this exam Study Guide.
We provide high-quality
academic materials to help
students excel in exams.
Our other Services include
but not limited to:
academic research,
University & College
assignments writing, essay
writing, Online Classes,
and research projects. Our
services are reliable,
affordable, and
plagiarism-free. All the
Best in your Exam. For
