CANADIAN FAMILY PRACTICE GUIDELINES BY
JILL C CASH AND CHERYL A GLASS 2026
FAMILY MEDICINE PRACTICE SET ANSWERS
FULL SOLUTION
◉ Where do CPGs fall on the evidence pyramid?
Answer: Near the top because they synthesize high-level evidence.
◉ What does the 6S pyramid represent?
Answer: A hierarchy of evidence for evidence-based practice.
◉ What is the highest level in the 6S pyramid?
Answer: Systems.
◉ What level includes clinical practice guidelines in the 6S pyramid?
Answer: Summaries.
◉ What must guideline developers define first?
Answer: The clinical question.
◉ What format is commonly used to frame guideline questions?
, Answer: PICO format.
◉ What does PICO stand for?
Answer: Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome.
◉ What is the GRADE approach?
Answer: An international standard for rating quality of evidence and
strength of recommendations.
◉ Which organizations use the GRADE approach?
Answer: WHO, CDC, CHEST, AAN, and many others.
◉ What are the first steps in the GRADE process?
Answer: Frame the clinical question and identify critical outcomes.
◉ What factors can downgrade evidence quality in GRADE?
Answer: Study limitations, inconsistency, indirect evidence,
imprecision, and publication bias.
◉ What factors can upgrade evidence quality?
Answer: Large effect size, dose-response gradient, and confounders
minimizing effect.
JILL C CASH AND CHERYL A GLASS 2026
FAMILY MEDICINE PRACTICE SET ANSWERS
FULL SOLUTION
◉ Where do CPGs fall on the evidence pyramid?
Answer: Near the top because they synthesize high-level evidence.
◉ What does the 6S pyramid represent?
Answer: A hierarchy of evidence for evidence-based practice.
◉ What is the highest level in the 6S pyramid?
Answer: Systems.
◉ What level includes clinical practice guidelines in the 6S pyramid?
Answer: Summaries.
◉ What must guideline developers define first?
Answer: The clinical question.
◉ What format is commonly used to frame guideline questions?
, Answer: PICO format.
◉ What does PICO stand for?
Answer: Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome.
◉ What is the GRADE approach?
Answer: An international standard for rating quality of evidence and
strength of recommendations.
◉ Which organizations use the GRADE approach?
Answer: WHO, CDC, CHEST, AAN, and many others.
◉ What are the first steps in the GRADE process?
Answer: Frame the clinical question and identify critical outcomes.
◉ What factors can downgrade evidence quality in GRADE?
Answer: Study limitations, inconsistency, indirect evidence,
imprecision, and publication bias.
◉ What factors can upgrade evidence quality?
Answer: Large effect size, dose-response gradient, and confounders
minimizing effect.
