NUR 2474 Pharmacology Exam 2 Rasmussen University
2026 | Complete Study Guide | Graded A+
1. If a patient is experiencing constipation after starting an antacid regimen,
what recommendation should be made to address this side effect?
Increase dietary fiber intake.
Reduce fluid intake.
Increase physical activity only.
Switch to a different antacid.
2. What is a common supplement used to increase potassium levels in patients
taking loop diuretics?
Sodium supplements
Potassium supplements
Magnesium supplements
Calcium supplements
3. What is the recommended target blood pressure for patients with diabetes
and hypertension?
130/80 mmHg
120/70 mmHg
150/100 mmHg
140/90 mmHg
4. What are two examples of ACE Inhibitors?
Lisinopril and Enalapril
, Furosemide and Hydrochlorothiazide
Albuterol and Salmeterol
Amlodipine and Metoprolol
5. If a patient experiences a persistent cough while taking an ACE inhibitor, what
is the most appropriate action for them to take?
Increase the dosage of the ACE inhibitor to reduce the cough.
Consult their healthcare provider for an alternative medication.
Switch to a different class of medication on their own.
Stop taking the medication immediately without consulting anyone.
6. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of Loop
Diuretics?
Inhibiting aldosterone production
Blocking Na+ and H2O reabsorption in the Loop of Henle/Distal
Convoluted Tubule
Enhancing sodium retention in the nephrons
Increasing antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion
7. A patient with heart failure is prescribed both a loop diuretic and a
potassium-sparing diuretic. What is the primary reason for this combination?
To manage fluid retention while preventing hypokalemia.
To increase blood pressure and heart rate.
To enhance the absorption of dietary potassium.
To treat respiratory distress and improve lung function.
,8. What is one common adverse effect associated with glucocorticoids?
Decreased appetite
Increased energy
Improved mood
Weight gain
9. A patient is being treated with a loop diuretic and is experiencing symptoms
of hypokalemia. How might switching to a potassium-sparing diuretic benefit
this patient?
It would help maintain potassium levels while still promoting
diuresis.
It would eliminate the need for dietary potassium supplementation.
It would increase sodium retention and worsen fluid overload.
It would have no effect on the patient's diuretic needs.
10. Amiodarone's form of action is:
Blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels. Prolongs the
action potential and repolarization. Decreases AV conduction and
sinoatrial node function. Decreases peripheral vascular resistance
(α and β blockade).
Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites of bronchial
smooth muscle, resulting in decreased cyclic guanosine
monophosphate and bronchodilation.
Cardiac: Decrease automaticity by slowing the rate of spontaneous
phase 4 depolarization. Local Anesthetic: Inhibits transport of ions
across the neuronal membrane, blocking conduction of normal nerve
impulses.
, Suppresses phase 4 depolarization in normal ventricular muscle and
purkinje fibers, reducing ectopic pacemaker's automaticity;
suppresses intraventricular conduction.
11. Cannot tolerate ACEi because of cough what should you do
Stop lisinopril and start irbesartan
Stop lisinopril and start ramipril
Stop lisinopril and start amlodipine
Reassure him as the symptoms will settle
Arrange a skin prick allergy test
12. Which is the best description of angioedema?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea in reaction to a food allergen.
Red, swollen, itching eyes, runny nose.
Acute, severe systemic reaction leading to hypotension and systemic
edema.
Rapid onset of localized swelling; can be fatal if it interrupts
airflow.
13. A patient on digoxin presents with symptoms of nausea and visual
disturbances. What should be the immediate nursing action?
Assess the patient's heart rate and rhythm.
Increase the digoxin dosage.
Schedule a follow-up appointment.
Administer an antiemetic for nausea.
2026 | Complete Study Guide | Graded A+
1. If a patient is experiencing constipation after starting an antacid regimen,
what recommendation should be made to address this side effect?
Increase dietary fiber intake.
Reduce fluid intake.
Increase physical activity only.
Switch to a different antacid.
2. What is a common supplement used to increase potassium levels in patients
taking loop diuretics?
Sodium supplements
Potassium supplements
Magnesium supplements
Calcium supplements
3. What is the recommended target blood pressure for patients with diabetes
and hypertension?
130/80 mmHg
120/70 mmHg
150/100 mmHg
140/90 mmHg
4. What are two examples of ACE Inhibitors?
Lisinopril and Enalapril
, Furosemide and Hydrochlorothiazide
Albuterol and Salmeterol
Amlodipine and Metoprolol
5. If a patient experiences a persistent cough while taking an ACE inhibitor, what
is the most appropriate action for them to take?
Increase the dosage of the ACE inhibitor to reduce the cough.
Consult their healthcare provider for an alternative medication.
Switch to a different class of medication on their own.
Stop taking the medication immediately without consulting anyone.
6. Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of Loop
Diuretics?
Inhibiting aldosterone production
Blocking Na+ and H2O reabsorption in the Loop of Henle/Distal
Convoluted Tubule
Enhancing sodium retention in the nephrons
Increasing antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion
7. A patient with heart failure is prescribed both a loop diuretic and a
potassium-sparing diuretic. What is the primary reason for this combination?
To manage fluid retention while preventing hypokalemia.
To increase blood pressure and heart rate.
To enhance the absorption of dietary potassium.
To treat respiratory distress and improve lung function.
,8. What is one common adverse effect associated with glucocorticoids?
Decreased appetite
Increased energy
Improved mood
Weight gain
9. A patient is being treated with a loop diuretic and is experiencing symptoms
of hypokalemia. How might switching to a potassium-sparing diuretic benefit
this patient?
It would help maintain potassium levels while still promoting
diuresis.
It would eliminate the need for dietary potassium supplementation.
It would increase sodium retention and worsen fluid overload.
It would have no effect on the patient's diuretic needs.
10. Amiodarone's form of action is:
Blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels. Prolongs the
action potential and repolarization. Decreases AV conduction and
sinoatrial node function. Decreases peripheral vascular resistance
(α and β blockade).
Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites of bronchial
smooth muscle, resulting in decreased cyclic guanosine
monophosphate and bronchodilation.
Cardiac: Decrease automaticity by slowing the rate of spontaneous
phase 4 depolarization. Local Anesthetic: Inhibits transport of ions
across the neuronal membrane, blocking conduction of normal nerve
impulses.
, Suppresses phase 4 depolarization in normal ventricular muscle and
purkinje fibers, reducing ectopic pacemaker's automaticity;
suppresses intraventricular conduction.
11. Cannot tolerate ACEi because of cough what should you do
Stop lisinopril and start irbesartan
Stop lisinopril and start ramipril
Stop lisinopril and start amlodipine
Reassure him as the symptoms will settle
Arrange a skin prick allergy test
12. Which is the best description of angioedema?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea in reaction to a food allergen.
Red, swollen, itching eyes, runny nose.
Acute, severe systemic reaction leading to hypotension and systemic
edema.
Rapid onset of localized swelling; can be fatal if it interrupts
airflow.
13. A patient on digoxin presents with symptoms of nausea and visual
disturbances. What should be the immediate nursing action?
Assess the patient's heart rate and rhythm.
Increase the digoxin dosage.
Schedule a follow-up appointment.
Administer an antiemetic for nausea.
