Brock Biology of Microorganisms - Chapter 9
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
genome - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-entire complement of genetic
| | | | | | |
information (including genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding
| | | | | | |
DNA)
genomics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-discipline of mapping, sequencing,
| | | | | | |
analyzing, and comparing genomes
| | |
sequencing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determining the precise order of
| | | | | | | |
nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule
| | | | | |
genome annotation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-converting raw sequence
| | | | | | |
data into a list of genes present in the genome ("bottleneck")
| | | | | | | | | |
bioinformatics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-storing and analyzing sequences
| | | | | |
and structures
| |
dideoxy method - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--method of sequencing DNA
| | | | | | | |
invented by Fred Sanger
| | |
-copy original ssDNA
| |
, -small amounts of dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTPs) used with dNTPs
| | | | | | |
-originally used radioactivity, but now use fluorescent labels
| | | | | | |
dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTPs) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-chain | | | | |
terminators that prevent further elongation of DNA chain
| | | | | | |
pyrosequencing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--"next-generation sequencing" | | | |
-uses luciferase (bioluminescent enzyme) to detect incorporation of
| | | | | | | |
dNTPs
Functional ORF - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ORF that actually encodes a
| | | | | | | | |
protein; can be identified by a computer
| | | | | |
codon bias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-some codons used more frequently
| | | | | | | | |
than others
|
how to find and identify ORFs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) locate start
| | | | | | | | | | |
and stop codons and Shine-Dalgarno/ribosome-binding sequences
| | | | |
2) look for similarity to ORFs in other genomes
| | | | | | | |
hypothetical proteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--uncharacterized ORFs;
| | | | | |
proteins that likely exist but whose function is currently unknown (due
| | | | | | | | | | |
to lack of aa sequence homology with knowns)
| | | | | | |
Exam Questions With Correct Answers
genome - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-entire complement of genetic
| | | | | | |
information (including genes, regulatory sequences, and noncoding
| | | | | | |
DNA)
genomics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-discipline of mapping, sequencing,
| | | | | | |
analyzing, and comparing genomes
| | |
sequencing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-determining the precise order of
| | | | | | | |
nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule
| | | | | |
genome annotation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-converting raw sequence
| | | | | | |
data into a list of genes present in the genome ("bottleneck")
| | | | | | | | | |
bioinformatics - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-storing and analyzing sequences
| | | | | |
and structures
| |
dideoxy method - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--method of sequencing DNA
| | | | | | | |
invented by Fred Sanger
| | |
-copy original ssDNA
| |
, -small amounts of dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTPs) used with dNTPs
| | | | | | |
-originally used radioactivity, but now use fluorescent labels
| | | | | | |
dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTPs) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-chain | | | | |
terminators that prevent further elongation of DNA chain
| | | | | | |
pyrosequencing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--"next-generation sequencing" | | | |
-uses luciferase (bioluminescent enzyme) to detect incorporation of
| | | | | | | |
dNTPs
Functional ORF - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-ORF that actually encodes a
| | | | | | | | |
protein; can be identified by a computer
| | | | | |
codon bias - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-some codons used more frequently
| | | | | | | | |
than others
|
how to find and identify ORFs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-1) locate start
| | | | | | | | | | |
and stop codons and Shine-Dalgarno/ribosome-binding sequences
| | | | |
2) look for similarity to ORFs in other genomes
| | | | | | | |
hypothetical proteins - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔--uncharacterized ORFs;
| | | | | |
proteins that likely exist but whose function is currently unknown (due
| | | | | | | | | | |
to lack of aa sequence homology with knowns)
| | | | | | |
