2026 Adult Medical Surgical Nursing Content Mastery Series (CMS) Exams STUDY GUIDE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST TESTED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST !!!!!

2026 Adult Medical Surgical Nursing Content Mastery Series (CMS) Exams STUDY GU
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IDE ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS (MOST TESTED
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QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST rl rl rl rl




The nurse notes that the handgrip of the client with hypokalemia has dimi
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nished since the previous assessment one hour ago. Which intervention b
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y the nurse is the priority?
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a. assess the client's respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
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b. document findings and monitor the client rl rl rl rl rl




c. measure the client's pulse and blood pressure rl rl rl rl rl rl




d. call the health care provider - CORRECT ANSWER
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In a client with hypokkalemia, progressive skeletal muscle weakness is
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associated with increasing severity of hypokalemia. The most life- rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




threatening complication of hypokalemia is respiratory insufficiency. It is
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imperative for the nurse to perform a respiratory assessment first to mak
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e sure that the client is not in immediate jeopardy. Next, the nurse would
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call the health care provider to obtain orders for potassium replacement.
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The physician orders Lasix (furosemide) 60 mg po every day for your patie
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nt. On hand you have Lasix 40 mg. How many tablets will you give the patie
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nt?

a. 3
b. 1
c. 1 1/2 rl




d. 2 1/5 - CORRECT ANSWER
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60/40 (desired/have) rl




A client has been taught to restrict dietary sodium. Which food selection
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by the client indicates to the nurse that teaching has been effective?
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a. a grilled cheese sandwich with tomato soup
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,b. Chinese take-out, including steamed rice rl rl rl rl




c. a chicken leg, one slice of bread with butter, and steamed carrots
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d. slices of ham and cheese on whole grain crackers - rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




CORRECT ANSWER C
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Clients on restricted sodium diets generally should avoid processed, smo
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ked, and pickled foods and those with sauces and other condiments. Foo
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ds lowest in sodium include fish, poultry, and fresh produce. The chinese f
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ood likely would have soy sauce, the tomato soup is processed, and the cr
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ackers are a snack food - a category of foods often high in sodium.
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When a client is assessed, which behavior best indicates that he or she i
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s experiencing changes associated with acute pain?
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a. inability to concentrate rl rl




b. expressed hopelessness rl




c. psychosocial withdrawal rl




d. anger and hostility - CORRECT ANSWER rl rl rl rl r l A

The characteristics most common to chronic pain are psychosocial withd
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rawal, anger and hostility, depression, and hopelessness. The inability to
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concentrate is associated much more with acute pain, before any physiol rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




ogic or behavioral adaptation has occurred.
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A nurse is caring for several clients at risk for overhydration. The nurse a
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ssesses the older client with which finding first? rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




A) Has had diabetes mellitus for 12 years
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B) Had abdominal surgery and has a nasogastric tube
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C) Just received 3 units of packed red blood cells
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D) Uses sodium-containing antacids frequently - CORRECT ANSWER
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C

Blood replacement therapy involves intravenous fluid administration, wh
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ich inherently increases the risk for overhydration. The fact that the fluid
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consists of packed red blood cells greatly increases the risk, because thi
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s fluid increases the colloidal oncotic pressure of the
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,blood, causing fluid to move from interstitial and intracellular spaces into
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the plasma volume. An older adult may not have sufficient cardiac or renal
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reserve to manage this extra fluid.
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The client with a stroke was admitted to a medical-
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surgical unit. Which tasks does the nurse delegate to the unlicense
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d assistive personnel?
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A) Assess level of consciousness. rl rl rl




B) Evaluate the pulse oximetry reading. rl rl rl rl




C) Assist the client with meals. rl rl rl rl




D) Complete the nursing care plan. - CORRECT ANSWER rl rl rl rl rl rl r l C

The nurse needs to know the five rights of delegation: right task, right circ
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umstances, right person, right communication, and right supervision. Unl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




icensed assistive personnel can help with feeding, but only the nurse can
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care plan, assess the level of consciousness, and evaluate the oxygenati
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on of the client.
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Interrelated concepts to the professional nursing role a nurse manager w rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




ould consider when addressing concerns about the quality of patient edu
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cation include: rl




A) adherence.
B) developmental level. rl




C) motivation.
D) technology. - CORRECT ANSWER rl rl r l D

The interrelated concepts to the professional role of a nurse include healt
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h promotion, leadership, technology/informatics, quality, collaboration, a
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nd communication. Adherence, culture, developmental level, family dyna
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mics, and motivation are considered interrelated concepts to patient attr
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ibutes and preference. rl rl




During orientation to an emergency department, the nurse educator woul
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d be concerned if the new nurse listed which of the following as a risk fact
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or for impaired thermoregulation?
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A) Temperature extremes rl

, B) Occupational exposure rl




C) Impaired cognition rl




D) Physical agility - CORRECT ANSWER rl rl rl r l D

Physical agility is not a risk factor for impaired thermoregulation. The nur
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se educator would use this information to plan additional teaching to incl
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ude medical conditions and gait disturbance as risk factors for hypother
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mia, because their bodies have a reduced ability to generate heat. Impair
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ed cognition is a risk factor. Recreational or occupational exposure is a ris
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k factor. Temperature extremes are risk factors for impaired thermoregul
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ation.

An older adult client is in physical restraints. Which intervention by the nu
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rse is the priority?
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A) Assess the client hourly while keeping the restraints in place. rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl rl




B) Assess the client once each shift, releasing the restraints for fe
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eding.
C) Assess the client twice each shift while keeping the restraints in pl
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ace.
D) Assess the client every 30 to 60 minutes, releasing restraints every 2 h
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ours. - CORRECT ANSWER rl D rl r l




The application of restraints can have serious consequences. Thus, the
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nurse should check the client every 30 to 60 minutes, releasing the restr
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aints every 2 hours for positioning and toileting. The other answers woul
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d not be appropriate because the client would not be assessed frequentl
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y enough, and circulation to the limbs could be compromised. Assessing
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every hour and releasing the restraints every 2 hours is in compliance wit
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h federal policy for monitoring clients in restraints.
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The nurse is assessing a client with a long-
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term history of arthritic pain. Assessment reveals a heart rate of 115 beat
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s/min and blood pressure of 170/80 mm Hg. Which intervention will the nur
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se carry out first?
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A) Administer blood pressure medication. rl rl rl