BIOLOGY 1108 PRACTICE SOLUTION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Chitin.
Answer: Fungi cell wall is made of it (also found in exoskeletons of
insects)
●● Glucan.
Answer: Protection/Structure in cell wall
●● Thallus.
Answer: Vegetative body of Fungus
●● Hypha/Hyphae.
Answer: Filaments of fungus (septated and coenocytic)
●● Septate.
Answer: End walls
●● Coenocytic.
Answer: Multinucleated
,●● Mycelium.
Answer: Mass of hyphae
●● Saprobes.
Answer: Decomposition of plants (mostly)
●● Mycorrhizae.
Answer: Mutualistic association between fungi and vascular plant roots
●● Lichen.
Answer: Mutualistic relationship between fungi and algae
●● Ectomycorrhizae.
Answer: Hyphae will form a sheath around plant root (mantle), hyphae
go around plant cells (hartingnet)
●● Endomycorrhizae.
Answer: Hyphae penetrate plant cells, go into cell wall not plasma
membrane, arbuscular
●● Fragmentation.
Answer: Breaking hypha (grows whole new organism)
, ●● Budding.
Answer: Unicellular- yeast- mitosis, leaves
●● Spores.
Answer: Sporangium-sporangiospores-conidiospores
●● Conidia.
Answer: Released externally from specialized hyphae called
conidiophores
●● Sporangiospores.
Answer: Developed within a sporangium
●● Plasmogamy.
Answer: Combining two cells, not nuclei- multinucleated dikaryotic cell
(two nuclei)
●● Karyogamy.
Answer: Combining two haploid nuclei (creates zygote)
●● Meiosis.
Answer: Diploid cell (2n) dividing into four haploid cells (n)
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Chitin.
Answer: Fungi cell wall is made of it (also found in exoskeletons of
insects)
●● Glucan.
Answer: Protection/Structure in cell wall
●● Thallus.
Answer: Vegetative body of Fungus
●● Hypha/Hyphae.
Answer: Filaments of fungus (septated and coenocytic)
●● Septate.
Answer: End walls
●● Coenocytic.
Answer: Multinucleated
,●● Mycelium.
Answer: Mass of hyphae
●● Saprobes.
Answer: Decomposition of plants (mostly)
●● Mycorrhizae.
Answer: Mutualistic association between fungi and vascular plant roots
●● Lichen.
Answer: Mutualistic relationship between fungi and algae
●● Ectomycorrhizae.
Answer: Hyphae will form a sheath around plant root (mantle), hyphae
go around plant cells (hartingnet)
●● Endomycorrhizae.
Answer: Hyphae penetrate plant cells, go into cell wall not plasma
membrane, arbuscular
●● Fragmentation.
Answer: Breaking hypha (grows whole new organism)
, ●● Budding.
Answer: Unicellular- yeast- mitosis, leaves
●● Spores.
Answer: Sporangium-sporangiospores-conidiospores
●● Conidia.
Answer: Released externally from specialized hyphae called
conidiophores
●● Sporangiospores.
Answer: Developed within a sporangium
●● Plasmogamy.
Answer: Combining two cells, not nuclei- multinucleated dikaryotic cell
(two nuclei)
●● Karyogamy.
Answer: Combining two haploid nuclei (creates zygote)
●● Meiosis.
Answer: Diploid cell (2n) dividing into four haploid cells (n)
