Life Span Final (Jersey College) Assessment
Questions & Answers (2026/2027) | Full
Breakdown Study Pack | A+
• developmental psychology. CORRECT ANSWER: the discipline that
studies human physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development
• behaviorism. CORRECT ANSWER: Watson's view that science must
study observable behavior only and investigate relationships between
stimuli and responses
• maturation. CORRECT ANSWER: the unfolding of genetically determined
traits, structures, and functions
• psychosexual development. CORRECT ANSWER: the process by which
libidinal energy is expressed through different erogenous zones during
different stages of development
• stage theory. CORRECT ANSWER: a theory of development
characterized by distinct periods of life
• psychosocial development. CORRECT ANSWER: Erikson's theory, which
emphasizes the importance of social relationships and conscious choice
throughout eight stages of development
• life crisis. CORRECT ANSWER: an internal conflict that attends each
stage of psychosocial development
• identity crisis. CORRECT ANSWER: according to Erikson, a period of
inner conflict during which one examines one's values and makes
decisions about one's life roles
• classical conditioning. CORRECT ANSWER: a simple form of learning in
which one stimulus comes to bring forth the response usually brought forth
by a second stimulus by being paired repeatedly with the second stimulus
• operant conditioning. CORRECT ANSWER: a simple form of learning in
which an organism learns to engage in behavior that is reinforced
,• reinforcement. CORRECT ANSWER: the process of providing stimuli
following responses that increase the frequency of the responses
• positive reinforcer. CORRECT ANSWER: a reinforcer that, when applied,
increases the frequency of a response
• negative reinforcer. CORRECT ANSWER: a reinforcer that, when
removed, increases the frequency of a response
• extinction. CORRECT ANSWER: the cessation of a response that is
performed in the absence of reinforcement
• social cognitive theory. CORRECT ANSWER: a cognitively oriented
learning theory that emphasizes observational learning
• cognitive-developmental theory. CORRECT ANSWER: the stage theory
that holds that the child's abilities to mentally represent the world and solve
problems unfold as a result of the interaction of experience and the
maturation of neurological structures
• scheme. CORRECT ANSWER: an action pattern or mental structure that
is involved in the acquisition and organization of knowledge
• adaptation. CORRECT ANSWER: the interaction between the organism
and the environment, consisting of assimilation and accommodation
• assimilation. CORRECT ANSWER: the incorporation of new events or
knowledge into existing schemes
• accommodation. CORRECT ANSWER: the modification of existing
schemes to permit the incorporation of new events or knowledge
• equilibration. CORRECT ANSWER: the creation of an equilibrium, or
balance, between assimilation and accommodation
• ethology. CORRECT ANSWER: the study of behaviors that are specific to
a species
, • evolutionary psychology. CORRECT ANSWER: the branch of psychology
that deals with the ways in which humans' historical adaptations to the
environment influence behavior and mental processes, with special focus
on aggressive behavior and mating strategies
• fixed action patterns (FAPs). CORRECT ANSWER: stereotyped pattern of
behaviors that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus"; an instinct
• ecology. CORRECT ANSWER: the branch of biology that deals with the
relationships between living organisms and their environment
• ecological systems theory. CORRECT ANSWER: the view that explains
child development in terms of the reciprocal influences between children
and environmental settings
• microsystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the immediate settings with which
the child interacts, such as the home, the school, and peers
• mesosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the interlocking settings that
influence the child, such as the interaction of the school and the larger
community
• exosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: community institutions and settings
that indirectly influence the child, such as the school board and the parents'
workplaces
• macrosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the basic institutions and ideologies
that influence the child
• chronosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the environmental changes that
occur over time and have an effect on the child
• zone of proximal development (ZPD). CORRECT ANSWER: Vygotsky's
term for the situation in which a child carries out tasks with the help of
someone who is more skilled
• scaffolding. CORRECT ANSWER: Vygotsky's term for temporary
cognitive structures or methods of solving problems that help the child as
he or she learns to function independently
Questions & Answers (2026/2027) | Full
Breakdown Study Pack | A+
• developmental psychology. CORRECT ANSWER: the discipline that
studies human physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development
• behaviorism. CORRECT ANSWER: Watson's view that science must
study observable behavior only and investigate relationships between
stimuli and responses
• maturation. CORRECT ANSWER: the unfolding of genetically determined
traits, structures, and functions
• psychosexual development. CORRECT ANSWER: the process by which
libidinal energy is expressed through different erogenous zones during
different stages of development
• stage theory. CORRECT ANSWER: a theory of development
characterized by distinct periods of life
• psychosocial development. CORRECT ANSWER: Erikson's theory, which
emphasizes the importance of social relationships and conscious choice
throughout eight stages of development
• life crisis. CORRECT ANSWER: an internal conflict that attends each
stage of psychosocial development
• identity crisis. CORRECT ANSWER: according to Erikson, a period of
inner conflict during which one examines one's values and makes
decisions about one's life roles
• classical conditioning. CORRECT ANSWER: a simple form of learning in
which one stimulus comes to bring forth the response usually brought forth
by a second stimulus by being paired repeatedly with the second stimulus
• operant conditioning. CORRECT ANSWER: a simple form of learning in
which an organism learns to engage in behavior that is reinforced
,• reinforcement. CORRECT ANSWER: the process of providing stimuli
following responses that increase the frequency of the responses
• positive reinforcer. CORRECT ANSWER: a reinforcer that, when applied,
increases the frequency of a response
• negative reinforcer. CORRECT ANSWER: a reinforcer that, when
removed, increases the frequency of a response
• extinction. CORRECT ANSWER: the cessation of a response that is
performed in the absence of reinforcement
• social cognitive theory. CORRECT ANSWER: a cognitively oriented
learning theory that emphasizes observational learning
• cognitive-developmental theory. CORRECT ANSWER: the stage theory
that holds that the child's abilities to mentally represent the world and solve
problems unfold as a result of the interaction of experience and the
maturation of neurological structures
• scheme. CORRECT ANSWER: an action pattern or mental structure that
is involved in the acquisition and organization of knowledge
• adaptation. CORRECT ANSWER: the interaction between the organism
and the environment, consisting of assimilation and accommodation
• assimilation. CORRECT ANSWER: the incorporation of new events or
knowledge into existing schemes
• accommodation. CORRECT ANSWER: the modification of existing
schemes to permit the incorporation of new events or knowledge
• equilibration. CORRECT ANSWER: the creation of an equilibrium, or
balance, between assimilation and accommodation
• ethology. CORRECT ANSWER: the study of behaviors that are specific to
a species
, • evolutionary psychology. CORRECT ANSWER: the branch of psychology
that deals with the ways in which humans' historical adaptations to the
environment influence behavior and mental processes, with special focus
on aggressive behavior and mating strategies
• fixed action patterns (FAPs). CORRECT ANSWER: stereotyped pattern of
behaviors that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus"; an instinct
• ecology. CORRECT ANSWER: the branch of biology that deals with the
relationships between living organisms and their environment
• ecological systems theory. CORRECT ANSWER: the view that explains
child development in terms of the reciprocal influences between children
and environmental settings
• microsystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the immediate settings with which
the child interacts, such as the home, the school, and peers
• mesosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the interlocking settings that
influence the child, such as the interaction of the school and the larger
community
• exosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: community institutions and settings
that indirectly influence the child, such as the school board and the parents'
workplaces
• macrosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the basic institutions and ideologies
that influence the child
• chronosystem. CORRECT ANSWER: the environmental changes that
occur over time and have an effect on the child
• zone of proximal development (ZPD). CORRECT ANSWER: Vygotsky's
term for the situation in which a child carries out tasks with the help of
someone who is more skilled
• scaffolding. CORRECT ANSWER: Vygotsky's term for temporary
cognitive structures or methods of solving problems that help the child as
he or she learns to function independently
