CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY BACK EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS % CORRECT.
How many total vertebrae in the vertebral column? answer >>>>>33
what is Vertebral Column for/do? answer >>>>>•Protects the spinal cord and
spinal nerves
•Supports the weight of the body superior to the pelvis
•Provides a partly rigid and flexible axis for the body
•Provides a pivot for the head
•Plays a role in posture and locomotion
What are the parts of the back (5) answer >>>>>A.Skin and superficial fascia?
Muscles of the back
1.Superficial layer of axioapendicular muscles
2.Deep layers of true back muscles
Vertebral column
1.Vertebrae
2.Intervertebral disks
3.Ligaments
4.Functions
,CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
4a. Protection of spinal cord and spinal nerves
4b. Supports weight of the body superior to the pelvis
4c. Rigid and moveable axis that also attaches head
Ribs
spinal cord and meninges
how many regions of vertebral column are there? answer >>>>>5 regions.
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
Vertebral column and vertebrae Flexibility is related to: (3) answer
>>>>>A.Individual vertebrae
Intervertebral disks that separate vertebrae
1.Allow limited movement between adjacent vertebrae
2.Collectively allow considerable movement
Zygapophyseal joints
1.Synovial joints
2.Allow rotation, flexion, lateral flexion depending on regions
** the vertebral column is flexible and allows limited movement because it
consists of many small bones called vertebrae that are separated by resilient IV
(intervertebral) disks
zygapophyseal joints answer >>>>>are Synovial joints
that Allow rotation, flexion, lateral flexion depending on regions
,CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
***the 25 cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and the first sacral articulate at the synovial
zygapophysial (facet) joint. This ultimately facilitates and controls the vertebral
columns flexibility as it allows rotation, flexion, lateral flexion (does depend on
the region ex: thoracic is more limited rotation) This column is flexible yet rigid
and protects the spinal cord it surrounds.
Cervical vertebra? answer >>>>>7
Number of Thoracic vertebra? answer >>>>>12
Number of Lumbar vertebra? answer >>>>>5
Number of Sacral vertebra? answer >>>>>5
Number of coccygeal vertebra? answer >>>>>4
what are to typical parts of the vertebrae? answer >>>>>body
arch
7 processes
describe a vertebral body (4) answer >>>>>allocated anteriorly (e.g., project into
thoracic and abdominal cavities)
weight bearing part of vertebrae
size increases as you move caudally(down) to bear more weight
superior and inferior surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage
, CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
describe a vertebral arch answer >>>>>alias posterior to the vertebral body
comprised of two pedicles and two laminae (r and)
each arch forms a vertebral foramen
collectively the vertebral foramina of C1 to L5 form the vertebral canal
Vertebral canal answer >>>>>1. Collectively the vertebral foramina of C1 to L5
form the vertebral canal. The canal contains the spinal cord and roots of the
spinal nerves, along with the membranes (meninges), fat, and vessels that
surround and serve them.
intervertebral foramina answer >>>>>1. The superior and inferior vertebral
notches of adjacent vertebrae and the IV discs connecting them form
intervertebral foramina through which the spinal nerves emerge from the
vertebral column. Also, the spinal (posterior root) ganglia are located in these
foramina
What are the 7 processes of the vertebrae? answer >>>>>a. Arise from vertebral
arch
Spinous process
Two transverse processes
Four articular processes
Spinous process of vertebra answer >>>>>1 of them
I. Form attachments sites for deep back muscles (and ligaments)
ii.Serve as levers
iii. projects posteriorly (and usually inferiorly, typically overlapping the vertebra
below) from the vertebral arch at the junction of the laminae. Form attachments
CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY BACK EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS % CORRECT.
How many total vertebrae in the vertebral column? answer >>>>>33
what is Vertebral Column for/do? answer >>>>>•Protects the spinal cord and
spinal nerves
•Supports the weight of the body superior to the pelvis
•Provides a partly rigid and flexible axis for the body
•Provides a pivot for the head
•Plays a role in posture and locomotion
What are the parts of the back (5) answer >>>>>A.Skin and superficial fascia?
Muscles of the back
1.Superficial layer of axioapendicular muscles
2.Deep layers of true back muscles
Vertebral column
1.Vertebrae
2.Intervertebral disks
3.Ligaments
4.Functions
,CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
4a. Protection of spinal cord and spinal nerves
4b. Supports weight of the body superior to the pelvis
4c. Rigid and moveable axis that also attaches head
Ribs
spinal cord and meninges
how many regions of vertebral column are there? answer >>>>>5 regions.
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
Vertebral column and vertebrae Flexibility is related to: (3) answer
>>>>>A.Individual vertebrae
Intervertebral disks that separate vertebrae
1.Allow limited movement between adjacent vertebrae
2.Collectively allow considerable movement
Zygapophyseal joints
1.Synovial joints
2.Allow rotation, flexion, lateral flexion depending on regions
** the vertebral column is flexible and allows limited movement because it
consists of many small bones called vertebrae that are separated by resilient IV
(intervertebral) disks
zygapophyseal joints answer >>>>>are Synovial joints
that Allow rotation, flexion, lateral flexion depending on regions
,CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
***the 25 cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and the first sacral articulate at the synovial
zygapophysial (facet) joint. This ultimately facilitates and controls the vertebral
columns flexibility as it allows rotation, flexion, lateral flexion (does depend on
the region ex: thoracic is more limited rotation) This column is flexible yet rigid
and protects the spinal cord it surrounds.
Cervical vertebra? answer >>>>>7
Number of Thoracic vertebra? answer >>>>>12
Number of Lumbar vertebra? answer >>>>>5
Number of Sacral vertebra? answer >>>>>5
Number of coccygeal vertebra? answer >>>>>4
what are to typical parts of the vertebrae? answer >>>>>body
arch
7 processes
describe a vertebral body (4) answer >>>>>allocated anteriorly (e.g., project into
thoracic and abdominal cavities)
weight bearing part of vertebrae
size increases as you move caudally(down) to bear more weight
superior and inferior surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage
, CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY
describe a vertebral arch answer >>>>>alias posterior to the vertebral body
comprised of two pedicles and two laminae (r and)
each arch forms a vertebral foramen
collectively the vertebral foramina of C1 to L5 form the vertebral canal
Vertebral canal answer >>>>>1. Collectively the vertebral foramina of C1 to L5
form the vertebral canal. The canal contains the spinal cord and roots of the
spinal nerves, along with the membranes (meninges), fat, and vessels that
surround and serve them.
intervertebral foramina answer >>>>>1. The superior and inferior vertebral
notches of adjacent vertebrae and the IV discs connecting them form
intervertebral foramina through which the spinal nerves emerge from the
vertebral column. Also, the spinal (posterior root) ganglia are located in these
foramina
What are the 7 processes of the vertebrae? answer >>>>>a. Arise from vertebral
arch
Spinous process
Two transverse processes
Four articular processes
Spinous process of vertebra answer >>>>>1 of them
I. Form attachments sites for deep back muscles (and ligaments)
ii.Serve as levers
iii. projects posteriorly (and usually inferiorly, typically overlapping the vertebra
below) from the vertebral arch at the junction of the laminae. Form attachments
